PRECISION PROGRAMMABLE REFEREE 0.4% Initial Voltage Tolerance 0.2-Ω Typical Output Impedance Fast Turnon... 500 ns Sink Current Capability...1 ma to 100 ma Low Reference Current (REF) Adjustable Output Voltage... to 36 V CATHODE D PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 REF description The is a precision programmable reference with specified thermal stability over automotive, commercial, and military temperature s. The output voltage can be set to any value between (approximately 2.5 V) and 36 V with two external resistors (see Figure 16). This device has a typical output impedance of 0.2 Ω. Active output circuitry provides a very sharp turnon characteristic, making the device an excellent replacement for zener diodes and other types of references in applications such as onboard regulation, adjustable power supplies, and switching power supplies. The C is characterized for operation over the commercial temperature of 0 C to 70 C. The Q is characterized for operation over the full automotive temperature of 40 C to 125 C. The M is characterized for operation over the full military temperature of 55 C to 125 C. CATHODE JG PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 REF No internal connection No internal connection terminals are connected internally. LP PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) KTP PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) CATHODE REF CATHODE REF The terminal is in electrical contact with the mounting base. FK PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) CATHODE REF 3 4 2 1 20 19 18 5 6 7 17 16 15 8 14 9 10 11 12 13 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright 2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated On products compliant to MIL-PRF-38535, all parameters are tested unless otherwise noted. On all other products, production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 1
PRECISION PROGRAMMABLE REFEREE logic symbol TA SMALL OUTLINE (D) PLASTIC FLANGE MOUNTED (KTP) AVAILABLE OPTIONS PACKAGED DEVICES TO-226AA (LP) CHIP CARRIER (FK) CERAMIC DIP (JG) 0 C to 70 C CD CKTPR CLP CHIP FORM (Y) 40 C to 125 C QD QLP Y 55 C to 125 C MFK MJG The D and LP packages are available taped and reeled. The KTP package is only available taped and reeled. Add the suffix R to the device type (e.g., CDR). Chip forms are tested at 25 C. REF CATHODE functional block diagram CATHODE REF + Vref 2 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
PRECISION PROGRAMMABLE REFEREE equivalent schematic CATHODE 1 800 Ω 800 Ω REF 8 20 pf 150 Ω 3.28 kω 4 kω 2.4 kω 7.2 kω 20 pf 10 kω 1 kω 2,3,6,7 800 Ω All component values are nominal. Pin numbers shown are for the D package. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 3
PRECISION PROGRAMMABLE REFEREE absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature (unless otherwise noted) Cathode voltage,v KA (see Note 1)........................................................... 37 V Continuous cathode current, I KA......................................... 100 ma to 150 ma Reference input current, I I(ref)............................................... 50 µa to 10 ma Package thermal impedance, θ JA (see Notes 2 and 3): D package............................ 97 C/W KTP package......................... 28 C/W LP package.......................... 156 C/W Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds............................... 260 C Storage temperature, T stg................................................... 65 C to 150 C Stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under recommended operating conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. NOTES: 1. All voltage values are with respect to unless otherwise noted. 2. Maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max), θ JA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable ambient temperature is PD = (TJ(max) TA)/θ JA. Operating at the absolute maximum TJ of 150 C can impact reliability. 3. The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51. PACKAGE POWER DISSIPATION RATING TABLE FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE POWER RATING DERATING FACTOR ABOVE TA = 70 C POWER RATING TA = 85 C POWER RATING TA = 125 C POWER RATING FK 1375 mw 11.0 mw/ C 880 mw 715 mw 275 mw JG 1050 mw 8.4 mw/ C 672 mw 546 mw 210 mw recommended operating conditions MIN MAX UNIT VKA Cathode voltage VI(ref) 36 V IKA Cathode current 1 100 ma C 0 70 TA Operating free-air temperature Q 40 125 C M 55 125 4 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
PRECISION PROGRAMMABLE REFEREE electrical characteristics at specified free-air temperature, I KA = 10 ma (unless otherwise noted) TEST C PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TA CIRCUIT MIN TYP MAX UNIT VI(ref) VI(dev) V KA II(ref) II(dev) Ioff zka Reference input voltage Deviation of reference input voltage over full temperature Ratio of change in reference input voltage to the change in cathode voltage Reference input current Deviation of reference input current over full temperature Minimum cathode current for regulation Off-state cathode current Output impedance VKA = VI(ref) VKA = VI(ref) VKA = 3 V to 36 V 25 C 2490 2500 2510 Full Figure 1 2480 2520 Full Full mv Figure 1 4 20 mv Figure 2 1.1 2 mv/v 25 C 1.5 2.5 R1 = 10 kω, R2 = Full Figure 2 3 R1 = 10 kω, R2 = Full µa Figure 2 0.2 1.2 µa VKA = VI(ref) to 36 V 25 C Figure 1 0.45 1 ma 25 C 0.18 0.5 VKA = 36 V, VI(ref) = 0 Full Figure 3 2 VKA = VI(ref), f 1 khz, IKA = 1 ma to 100 ma 25 C Figure 1 0.2 0.4 Ω Full is 0 C to 70 C for C-suffix devices. The deviation parameters VI(dev) and II(dev) are defined as the differences between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the rated temperature. The average full- temperature coefficient of the reference input voltage is defined as: µa #. V I(dev) #. ppm.. at 25 C 10 6 C T A where: TA is the rated operating temperature of the device. Max VI(ref) Min VI(ref) VI(dev) is positive or negative depending on whether minimum VI(ref) or maximum VI(ref), respectively, occurs at the lower temperature. The output impedance is defined as: # zka # V KA I KA When the device is operating with two external resistors (see Figure 2), the total dynamic impedance of the circuit is given by: z V I, which is approximately equal to # zka #.1 R1 R2.. TA POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 5
PRECISION PROGRAMMABLE REFEREE electrical characteristics at specified free-air temperature, I KA = 10 ma (unless otherwise noted) TEST Q M PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TA CIRCUIT MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX UNIT VI(ref) VI(dev) V KA II(ref) II(dev) Ioff Reference input voltage Deviation of reference input voltage over full temperature Ratio of change in reference input voltage to the change in cathode voltage Reference input current Deviation of reference input current over full temperature Minimum cathode current for regulation Off-state cathode current VKA = VI(ref) VKA = VI(ref) VKA = 3 V to 36 V 25 C 2490 2500 2510 2475 2500 2540 Full Figure 1 2470 2530 2460 2550 Full Full mv Figure 1 17 55 17 55* mv Figure 2 1.1 2 1.1 2 mv/v 25 C 1.5 2.5 1.5 2.5 R1 = 10 kω, R2 = Full Figure 2 4 5 R1 = 10 kω, R2 = zka Output impedance V KA = VI(ref), f 1 khz, IKA = 1 ma to 100 ma Full Figure 2 0.5 2 0.5 3* µa VKA = VI(ref) to 36 V 25 C Figure 1 0.45 1 0.45 1 ma 25 C 0.18 0.5 0.18 0.5 VKA = 36 V, VI(ref) = 0 Full Figure 3 2 2 25 C Figure 1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 Ω *On products compliant to MIL-PRF-38535, this parameter is not production tested. Full is 40 C to 125 C for Q-suffix devices, and 55 C to 125 C for M-suffix devices. The deviation parameters VI(dev) and II(dev) are defined as the differences between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the rated temperature. The average full- temperature coefficient of the reference input voltage is defined as: µa µa #. V I(dev) #. ppm.. at 25 C 10 6 C T A where: TA is the rated operating temperature of the device. Max VI(ref) Min VI(ref) VI(dev) is positive or negative depending on whether minimum VI(ref) or maximum VI(ref), respectively, occurs at the lower temperature. The output impedance is defined as: # zka # V KA I KA When the device is operating with two external resistors (see Figure 2), the total dynamic impedance of the circuit is given by: z V I, which is approximately equal to # zka #.1 R1 R2.. TA 6 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
PRECISION PROGRAMMABLE REFEREE electrical characteristics at I KA = 10 ma, T A = 25 C PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TEST Y CIRCUIT MIN TYP MAX VI(ref) Reference input voltage VKA = VI(ref) Figure 1 2490 2500 2510 mv Ratio of change in reference input voltage V to the change in cathode voltage KA UNIT VKA =3Vto36V 36 V Figure 2 1.1 11 2 mv/v II(ref) Reference input current R1 = 10 kω, R2 = Figure 2 1.44 2.5 µa IKAmin Minimum cathode current for regulation VKA = VI(ref) to 36 V Figure 1 0.45 1 ma Ioff Off-state cathode current VKA = 36 V, Vref = 0 Figure 3 0.18 0.5 µa zka Output impedance The output impedance is defined as: z V I VKA = VI(ref), f 1 khz, IKA = 1 ma to 100 ma Figure 1 0.2 0.4 Ω V When the device is operating with two external resistors (see Figure 2), the total dynamic impedance of the circuit is given by: # zka # KA, I KA which is approximately equal to # zka #.1 R1 R2.. PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION #. V I(dev) #. ppm.. at 25 C 10 6 C T A where: TA is the rated operating temperature of the device. Max VI(ref) Min VI(ref) VI(dev) TA Input VKA Input VKA IKA R1 II(ref) IKA VI(ref) R2 VI(ref) V KA.1 R1 R2. I I(ref) R1 Figure 1. Test Circuit for V (KA) = V ref Figure 2. Test Circuit for V (KA) > V ref POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 7
PRECISION PROGRAMMABLE REFEREE PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION Input Ioff VKA Figure 3. Test Circuit for I off TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table of Graphs FIGURE Reference voltage vs Free-air temperature 4 Reference current vs Free-air temperature 5 Cathode current vs Cathode voltage 6, 7 Off-state cathode current vs Free-air temperature 8 Ratio of delta reference voltage to delta cathode voltage vs Free-air temperature 9 Equivalent input-noise voltage vs Frequency 10 Equivalent input-noise voltage over a 10-second period 11 Small-signal voltage amplification vs Frequency 12 Reference impedance vs Frequency 13 Pulse response 14 Stability boundary conditions 15 8 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
PRECISION PROGRAMMABLE REFEREE TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Reference Voltage V 2.52 2.51 2.5 2.49 VI(ref) = VKA IKA = 10 ma REFEREE VOLTAGE vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE I I(ref) Reference Current µ A 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 REFEREE CURRENT vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE IKA = 10 ma R1 = 10 kω R2 = 2.48 50 25 0 25 50 TA Free-Air Temperature C Figure 4 75 100 125 0 50 25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TA Free-Air Temperature C Figure 5 150 100 VKA = VI(ref) CATHODE CURRENT vs CATHODE VOLTAGE 800 600 VKA = VI(ref) CATHODE CURRENT vs CATHODE VOLTAGE I KA Cathode Current ma 50 0 50 100 I KA Cathode Current µ A 400 200 0 150 3 2 1 VKA Cathode Voltage V Figure 6 0 1 2 3 200 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 VKA Cathode Voltage V Figure 7 Data at high and low temperatures are applicable only within the recommended operating free-air temperature s of the various devices. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 9
PRECISION PROGRAMMABLE REFEREE TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS I Off-State Cathode Current µ A KA(off) 0.4 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 OFF-STATE CATHODE CURRENT vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE VKA = 36 V VI(ref) = 0 / V KA mv/v 0.85 0.95 1.05 1.15 1.25 1.35 RATIO OF DELTA REFEREE VOLTAGE TO DELTA CATHODE VOLTAGE vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE VKA = 3 V to 36 V 0 50 25 0 25 50 75 TA Free-Air Temperature C 100 125 1.45 50 25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TA Free-Air Temperature C Figure 8 Figure 9 Equivalent Input Noise Voltage nv/ Hz 260 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 EQUIVALENT INPUT-NOISE VOLTAGE vs FREQUEY IO = 10 ma V n 100 10 100 1 k f Frequency Hz Figure 10 10 k 100 k Data at high and low temperatures are applicable only within the recommended operating free-air temperature s of the various devices. 10 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
PRECISION PROGRAMMABLE REFEREE TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS V n Equivalent Input Noise Voltage µv 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 EQUIVALENT INPUT-NOISE VOLTAGE OVER A 10-SECOND PERIOD 4 5 6 0 2 4 6 t Time s f = 0.1 to 10 Hz IKA = 10 ma 8 10 19.1 V 1 kω 500 µf 910 Ω (DUT) 2000 µf 820 Ω 16 Ω 0.1 µf 160 kω + VCC TLE2027 AV = 10 V/mV 16 Ω 16 Ω 1 µf 1 µf VCC + TLE2027 33 kω AV = 2 V/V 33 kω 2.2 µf CRO 1 MΩ VEE VEE TEST CIRCUIT FOR 0.1-Hz TO 10-Hz EQUIVALENT INPUT-NOISE VOLTAGE Figure 11 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 11
PRECISION PROGRAMMABLE REFEREE TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Small-Signal Voltage Amplification db 60 50 40 30 20 10 SMALL-SIGNAL VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION vs FREQUEY IKA = 10 ma Output I(K) 15 kω 230 Ω 9 µf + 8.25 kω GND TEST CIRCUIT FOR VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION A V 0 1 k 10 k 100 k f Frequency Hz 1 M 10 M Figure 12 zka KA Reference Impedance Ω O 100 10 1 REFEREE IMPEDAE vs FREQUEY IKA = 1 ma to 100 ma 50 Ω 1 kω + I(K) Output GND TEST CIRCUIT FOR REFEREE IMPEDAE 0.1 1 k 10 k 100 k 1 M 10 M f Frequency Hz Figure 13 12 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
PRECISION PROGRAMMABLE REFEREE TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS 6 5 PULSE RESPONSE Input VI 220 Ω Output Input and Output Voltages V 4 3 2 1 Output Pulse Generator f = 100 khz 50 Ω TEST CIRCUIT FOR PULSE RESPONSE GND 0 0 1 2 3 4 t Time µs 5 6 7 Figure 14 150 Ω Cathode Current ma I KA 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 STABILITY BOUNDARY CONDITIONS A-VKA = VI(ref) B-VKA = 5 V C-VKA = 10 V D-VKA = 15 V Stable A B D C IKA = 10 ma Stable CL TEST CIRCUIT FOR CURVE A R1 = 10 kω IKA IKA + VI VBATT 150 Ω 10 0 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 CL Load Capacitance µf The areas under the curves represent conditions that may cause the device to oscillate. For curves B, C, and D, R2 and V+ are adjusted to establish the initial VKA and IKA conditions with CL = 0. VBATT and CL are then adjusted to determine the s of stability. 10 CL VI + R2 VBATT TEST CIRCUIT FOR CURVES B, C, AND D Figure 15 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 13
PRECISION PROGRAMMABLE REFEREE APPLICATION INFORMATION Table of Application Circuits APPLICATION FIGURE Shunt regulator 16 Single-supply comparator with temperature-compensated threshold 17 Precision high-current series regulator 18 Output control of a three-terminal fixed regulator 19 Higher-current shunt regulator 20 Crowbar 21 Precision 5-V, 1.5-A, 0.5% regulator 22 5-V precision regulator 23 PWM converter with 0.5% reference 24 Voltage monitor 25 Delay timer 26 Precision current limiter 27 Precision constant-current sink 28 R VO R1 VI(ref) R2 Input VO Von 2 V Voff V O.1 R1 R2. NOTE A: R should provide cathode current 1 ma to the at minimum. Figure 16. Shunt Regulator VIT = 2.5 V GND Figure 17. Single-Supply Comparator With Temperature-Compensated Threshold 14 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
PRECISION PROGRAMMABLE REFEREE APPLICATION INFORMATION IN R 30 Ω 2N2222 2N2222 Common µa7805 OUT R1 VO R2 0.01 µf 4.7 kω R1 VO R2 V O.1 R1 R2. NOTE A: R should provide cathode current 1 ma to the at minimum. Figure 18. Precision High-Current Series Regulator V.1 R1 R2. Min V = VI(ref) + 5 V Figure 19. Output Control of a Three-Terminal Fixed Regulator VO R VO R1 R1 R2 C R2 V trip.1 R1 R2. V O.1 R1 R2. Figure 20. Higher-Current Shunt Regulator NOTE A: Refer to the stability boundary conditions in Figure 15 to determine allowable values for C. Figure 21. Crowbar POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 15
PRECISION PROGRAMMABLE REFEREE APPLICATION INFORMATION VO = 5 V In 8.2 kω LM317 Adjust Out 243 Ω VO = 5 V, 1.5 A, 0.5% Rb 27.4 kω 243 Ω 27.4 kω NOTE A: Rb should provide cathode current 1 ma to the. Figure 22. Precision 5-V, 1.5-A, 0.5% Regulator Figure 23. 5-V Precision Regulator 12 V 6.8 kω VCC 5 V +0.5% 10 kω 10 kω 10 kω X Not Used + TL598 Feedback Figure 24. PWM Converter With 0.5% Reference 16 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
PRECISION PROGRAMMABLE REFEREE APPLICATION INFORMATION R3 R1A R1B R4 12 V 680 Ω R 2 kω R2A R2B Low Limit.1 R1B R2B. High Limit.1 R1A R2A. LED on When Low Limit < < High Limit NOTE A: Select R3 and R4 to provide the desired LED intensity and cathode current 1 ma to the. Figure 25. Voltage Monitor On C Off Delay R C I 12 V I (12 V) Figure 26. Delay Timer RCL IO IO R1 I O I R KA CL RS R1 V (BATT). I O h FE. I KA I O R S Figure 27. Precision Current Limiter Figure 28. Precision Constant-Current Sink POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 17
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