Exploiting BharatNet and WiFi for Secure Operations Devendra Jalihal Dept of EE, IITM, Chennai dj@ee.iitm.ac.in
Outline
Outline Can Government agencies exploit widespread presence of BharatNet for secure operations, increased efficiency and reduced cost?
Outline Can Government agencies exploit widespread presence of BharatNet for secure operations, increased efficiency and reduced cost? Example from a Police Network
Outline Can Government agencies exploit widespread presence of BharatNet for secure operations, increased efficiency and reduced cost? Example from a Police Network Are these ideas applicable to other organisations?
BharatNet Architecture Connect ALL 2.5 lakh Village Panchayats by high BW Fiber Basic architecture: Ring of Rings, for high availability
BharatNet Architecture Connect ALL 2.5 lakh Village Panchayats by high BW Fiber Basic architecture: Ring of Rings, for high availability
Police Network (Privately owned, operated) UHF HQ
Police Network (Privately owned, operated) UHF HQ HF, 3-30 MHz, long range, 1000s km
Police Network (Privately owned, operated) UHF HQ VHF, 30-300 MHz, medium range Inter district by μ-wave links HF, 3-30 MHz, long range, 1000s km
Police Network (Privately owned, operated) UHF UHF, 300 MHz-3 GHz, Short range (city scale) HQ VHF, 30-300 MHz, medium range Inter district by μ-wave links HF, 3-30 MHz, long range, 1000s km
Police Network (Privately owned, operated) UHF UHF, 300 MHz-3 GHz, Short range (city scale) HQ VHF, 30-300 MHz, medium range Inter district by μ-wave links HF, 3-30 MHz, long range, 1000s km Advantages: Private, Command communication, voice Disadvantages: Maintenance heavy, expensive, prone to obsolescence, voice only
Police Network (Public)
Police Network (Public) GSM CUG
Police Network (Public) GSM CUG INTERNET 8 Mbps 100 Mbps 100 Mbps 2000+ Police stn Police HQ Crime Database
Police Network (Public) GSM CUG INTERNET 8 Mbps 100 Mbps 100 Mbps 2000+ Police stn Police HQ Crime Database Advantages: Distributed, Command communication Disadvantages: Insecure (data goes on internet), limited Speed, constrained by congestion
Can the Police use BharatNet? Can it provide high (extremely high) BW and secure means of communication? Can the police own and operate the infra? Can the police augment their communication repertois without significant outlay? Can the Police effectively beat the game of technological obsolescence?
Proposed Closed Architecture
Proposed Closed Architecture Trunking Radio HQ to other Districts UHF HQ Bharatnet fiber provides back bone, high security VPN intranets and state-wide voice connections For long range: HF/VSAT
Proposed Closed Architecture Trunking Radio HQ to other Districts UHF HQ Bharatnet fiber provides back bone, high security VPN intranets and state-wide voice connections For long range: HF/VSAT INTERNET
Proposed Closed Architecture Trunking Radio INTERNET HQ to other Districts UHF HQ GSM CUG Bharatnet fiber provides back bone, high security VPN intranets and state-wide voice connections For long range: HF/VSAT
Proposed Arch (main components)
Proposed Arch (main components) Police lease dark fiber from BharatNet which connects every Police Stn Police own and operate the optical switches Unlimited BW - Multiple VPNs, VC, VoIP,
Proposed Arch (main components) Police lease dark fiber from BharatNet which connects every Police Stn Police own and operate the optical switches Unlimited BW - Multiple VPNs, VC, VoIP, Extensive deployment of WiFi VoIP provides another layer of communication Will help in gathering evidence
Proposed Arch (main components) Police lease dark fiber from BharatNet which connects every Police Stn Police own and operate the optical switches Unlimited BW - Multiple VPNs, VC, VoIP, Extensive deployment of WiFi VoIP provides another layer of communication Will help in gathering evidence Database access faster and secure
Proposed Arch (main components) Police lease dark fiber from BharatNet which connects every Police Stn Police own and operate the optical switches Unlimited BW - Multiple VPNs, VC, VoIP, Extensive deployment of WiFi VoIP provides another layer of communication Will help in gathering evidence Database access faster and secure Trunking Systems (DMR/TETRA/P25) to replace VHF as the primary means of private comm Their BS are connected by Bharatnet
Proposed Arch (main components) Police lease dark fiber from BharatNet which connects every Police Stn Police own and operate the optical switches Unlimited BW - Multiple VPNs, VC, VoIP, Extensive deployment of WiFi VoIP provides another layer of communication Will help in gathering evidence Database access faster and secure Trunking Systems (DMR/TETRA/P25) to replace VHF as the primary means of private comm Their BS are connected by Bharatnet HF/VSAT for long range
Proposed Heirarchy of Ring Architecture Level 3 : Dist Police Office in ring Level 2 : Linking Blocks Leve1: Linking Village Panchayat
Level 3 Fiber Implementation BS BS BS BS BS BS BS TNP HQ BS BS BS Data base + storage Server Trunking System Router + Call media center + converter user terminal Mirror site Advantages: Backhaul for trunking BSs in each district provides uniform numbering scheme WiFi Aps in Police Stn enable IP Voice High BW enables VC, high speed access to db Data Stays inside Disadvantages: Main fiber plant owned by some other agency
Strengths Trunking systems and exchange systems are robust, digital and need little maintenance Data security due to VPN Multiple modes of communications such as video conferencing and VoIP Police continue to own all communication equipment as before Other than GSM CUG Orders of magnitude higher bandwidths than what is presently possible Communication during congestion and natural calamities
Strengths Trunking systems and exchange systems are robust, digital and need little maintenance Data security due to VPN Multiple modes of communications such as video conferencing and VoIP Police continue to own all communication equipment as before Other than GSM CUG Orders of magnitude higher bandwidths than what is presently possible Communication during congestion and natural calamities Weaknesses Multiple frequency bands needs WPC clearance and license fees Main fiber plant is owned by other (government) agencies
Example of a Congestion Communication System
Mahamaham Kumbakonam 2016 Test Deployment of WiFi 16 Access Points deployed 5 with 5.8 GHz backhaul 6 with fiber backhaul 5 with direct cables in control room
Network Elements Asterisk IPPBX Sever 8 port Ethernet switch 5GHz backhaul PSTN Interface with 30 simultaneous outside calls 5GHz backhaul WiFi Access Point (connected by cable) WiFi Access Points (connected by 5GHz backhaul) CSIPSIMPLE
Congestion Comm System
Congestion Comm System Advantages Provides another layer of communication High BW Both voice and data Good solution for congestion communication Easy to deploy and Low cost Provides backhaul to outside world
Congestion Comm System Advantages Provides another layer of communication High BW Both voice and data Good solution for congestion communication Easy to deploy and Low cost Provides backhaul to outside world Disadvantage May suffer from interference from unamanaged APs Needs intelligent management of channels
Summary
Summary Many organisations (Govt Offices, Banks,.) have similar structure Needs: Communication BW, database access, many branches, data security All face the challenge of rapid obsolescence
Summary Many organisations (Govt Offices, Banks,.) have similar structure Needs: Communication BW, database access, many branches, data security All face the challenge of rapid obsolescence A combination of BharatNet and WiFi offers a working solution