Forming a Tonal Center Tonality in Western Music How do we establish 1 of the 12 notes in western music as the most important note or tonal center? Here is the way it happens! Jazz Everyone! Free Lesson, Page 1
The 12 notes in music can be equally divided When the pitch goes higher, the interval of a 4th is the result When the pitch goes down, the interval of a 5th is the result C F Bb Eb Ab b F# B E A C F B b A E b E A b B F # d Jazz Everyone! Free Lesson, Page 2
The Importance of Rhythm in Tonality Beats are sounds that occur in time and space If they occur in regular intervals they create a pulse This pulse is called a BEAT it can be slow or fast A steady beat creates natural accents that result in the formation of rhythm patterns, measures and all types of basic song forms There are 2 inds of beats UP BEATS OWN BEATS If the note at 11:00 on the circle is played on the up beat, followed by a note at 12:00 on the down beat, the note at 12:00 sounds lie the most important note or a TONAL CENTER when it is repeated 12:00 11:00 C A Jazz Everyone! Free Lesson, Page 3
This page shows you how to play the roots and 5ths of Tonal Center around the Circle of 4ths/5ths without mistaes improvise creatively around the ominant 7th circle using a variety of rhythms with roots and 5ths 5 9 13 17 21 25 4 4 Free Lesson - Trac 1 b b b b b b b b b b b # # # # # # # 29 # # # # # # # 33 # # 37 41 45 Establishing Tonal Centers Around Circle of Fourths E Flat Instruments # # # # # # # w Willie Thomas b # # # Jazz Everyone! Free Lesson, Page 4
This page will show you how to form a major scale how Roman numerals are used to identify chords and their function in a scale how to form and number a ominant 7th scale E Flat Instruments Major Scale Willie Thomas 1 Letters of the Alphabet, Arabic numbers and Roman numerals are used to name notes E F # A B C # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 # # 4 4 I II III IV V VI VII I 5 2 Chords may be formed on any E F # note of a scale by playing every other note at A B C # the same time # # # # I 7 3 5 1 9 3 The C ominant Seventh scale A B C # is renumbered A 1 2 3 4 5 6 b7 1 V 7 3 5 1 E F # Jazz Everyone! Free Lesson, Page 5
Some Facts About the Blues Form The Blues is 12 bars long The Blues is a 3 part song A-B-C The I7-IV7-V7 are basic blues chords The Blues Pentatonic scale is basic traditional blues vocabulary When repeating the blues form, the V7 is usually used in the final measure Slashes show the number of beats a chord is played in a measure Jazz Everyone! Free Lesson, Page 6
Playing the Blues with roots and 5ths of the I7, IV7 and V7 E Flat Instruments - Treble Clef 5 9 # # 4 C 7 C 7 C 7 Basic B Flat Blues Free Lesson - Trac 2 # 7 C 7 7 Thomas Jazz Everyone! Free Lesson, Page 7
Formation of the minor scale and the blues pentatonic c Minor Scale Blues Pentatonic Willie Thomas E FlatInstruments B Flat Major Scale A B b C E b F A B b ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 b 1 b3 4 5 b7 1 Minor Pentatonic Scale b b Pentatonic Blues scale B b C b F 6 1 b3 4 5 b7 1 Basic Blues Scale In B Flat Concert Free Lesson - Trac 2 E Flat Instruments # 4 4 b n b b n b w Jazz Everyone! Free Lesson, Page 8
5 9 E Flat Version - Treble Clef # # 4 n > C 7 b > C 7 Yo ude Blues Free Lesson - Trac 2 b > C 7 n > b > b n n > Willie Thomas b > # 7 > ^ bc 7 > n > b /d n > Ó n > ^ 1 b3 4 5 b7 1 Blues Patterns Formed on Tonal Centers 10 11 I7 IV7 d f g 5 b7 1 b C 7 g b b c 1 b3 4 12 V7 7 a c d 1 b3 4 Jazz Everyone! Free Lesson, Page 9
E Flat Instruments Forming Pentatonic Pairs Three Major Pentatonic Scales can be formed in every major scale Willie Thomas # # # 4 4 Ó # # # Ó 6 a (1) B C # d E F # g # 2 3 5 6 - Major Pentatonic scale formed on d E F # the Lydian g # or 4th Scale step () A B c # # # # Ó 11 - Major Pentatonic scale formed on the Tonic Major Scale (A) A B 1 2 (1) 2 3 5 6 1 2 - - Major Pentatonic Scale formed on the Mixolydian or 5th (dominant) a B C # Scale step (E) d E F # e F # # (1) 2 3 5 6 1 2 Major Pentatonic Scales started on the 2nd scale step create Pentatonic Pairs that can be connected around the circle of 4ths Maj Pentatonic E F# A B E A Maj Pentatonic B C# E F# A B E Maj Pentatonic F# # B C# E F# E Pentatonic Pairs create melody chains that connect series of diatonic chord changes # # # F # # 16 B C # E F # F#min7 Bmin7 E7 AMaj A B Jazz Everyone! 2008 Willie Thomas Free Lesson, Page 10
Use the circle to help you visualize the formation of a MELOY CHAIN as the pentatonic pairs move around the circle of 4ths E A C F C B b A B F E b E F # C # B B b A b E b # d F # Pentatonic Pairs Around the Circle of Fourths Jazz Everyone! Free Lesson, Page 11
E Flat Instruments - Treble A 7 7 13 19 25 4 4 # C 7 Free Lesson - Trac 1 # # B b 7 b b b 31 E b 7 # b 37 43 F # 7 b b b b Pentatonic Pairs Around Circle of ominant 7ths 5 6 1 2 1 5 6 1 2 1 6 1 b # b 7 F 7 b b b A b 7 b b b b b b b 7 b # b E 7 b b b # b b b b b B 7 b b # b b b b b # b b b w Thomas b # b Jazz Everyone! 2008 Free Lesson, Page 12
Free Lesson, Page 13 Jazz Everyone! 4 4 Œ Ó 3 Œ Œ 5 > Ó 7 v Œ 9 J Œ Ó 11 Ó J > 13 v Œ J 15 Œ J Rhythm rill Willie Thomas 2008 Willie Thomas 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Use your FREE LESSON vocabulary now to develop jazz patterns in the blues and around the dominant circle with fixed rhythms Free Lesson - Trac 2