Abstract Art Test Study Guide THEORY OF COLOUR Primary Colours Red Yellow Blue Tip to Remember: Roses are Red, Violets are Blue, What makes them grow? Yellow Secondary Colours Red + Yellow = Orange Blue + Red = Violet Yellow + Blue = Green Tertiary Colours Yellow + Green = Yellow-Green Blue + Green = Blue-Green Yellow + Orange = Yellow-Orange Red + Orange = Red-Orange Blue + Violet = Blue-Violet Red + Violet = Red-Violet Tip to Remember: Primary colour name is first followed by the secondary colour Complementary Colour Red ~ Green Violet ~ Yellow Blue ~ Orange Tip to Remember: Relate the pairs! o Red ~ Green = Christmas o Violet ~ Yellow = Easter o Blue ~ Orange = Sun and Sky Tint, Tone and Shade Tint = Colour + White Tone = Colour + Gray Shade = Colour + Black Monochromatic = Using a tint, tone or shade of a colour o Ex. OOOOOO
Colour Spectrum Warm Colours = Reds, Oranges and Yellows Cool Colours = Blues, Greens and Purples Tip to Remember: Warm Colours = Fire, Cool Colours =Water Colour Qualities Colour = Is defined by having 3 qualities Hue, Value and Intensity o Hue = Name for a colour you cannot make Ex. Red, Yellow, Blue, Cyan, Magenta All hues are colours but not all colours are hues o Value = The darkness or lightness of a colour Ex. OOOOOOOOO Value 1 = Black Value 10 = White o Intensity = How bright or dull a colour is Ex. OO,OO,OO High Intensity = Brighter Low Intensity = Duller Colours that Cannot be Made Magenta Cyan Blue White Red Yellow Blue Mixing Colours Red + Brown = Crimson Orange + Brown = Sienna Brown Red + Yellow + Brown = Ocre Yellow Red + White = Pink or Magenta + White = Pink Blue + Brown = Black Red + Yellow + Blue = Brown Paintbrushes Flat Paintbrush Fan Paintbrush Liner Paintbrush Flat-Fan Paintbrush 2
Other Supplies Artistic Knives Paint Thinner Linseed Oil Palette Canvas Easel Drawing Supplies Soft Eraser Blending Stump Eraser 3 Sketching Pencil = HB Shading Pencil = 9B
Darkest Pencil = 9B Lightest Pencil = 6H Elements of Art 1. Line/Direction A path or point moving through space a. This refers to the direction of an object, line or path that moves throughout the painting. 2. Shape/Form Shape has depth, length, width and resides in space a. This means that everything is made up from shapes and with their help we get the correct proportions. 3. Colour Hue, value and intensity a. These are the characteristics of a colour i. Hue = Name for a colour you cannot make ii. Intensity = How bright or dull a colour is Colour: Blue-Green Colour: Pink Low Intensity High Intensity 4 Hue: Cyan Blue High Intensity
4. Value Value refers to the relative lightness and darkness of a colour a. Value = The darkness or lightnessof a colour i. Ex. OOOOOOOOO ii. Value 1 = Black iii. Value 10 = White Value: 10 White is the abscesnce of colour Black Value: 1 5. Texture Texture refers to the tactile quality of a surface a. There are both Oil and Acrylic textures i. Oil Textures 1. Knife Techniques 2. Fan Paintbrush Techniques ii. Acrylic Textures 1. Mixed Media Techniques Oil Textures Oil Texture Fan Paintbrush Techniques Knife Techniques 6. Perspective Representing a 3D object on a 2D surface a. In order to get 3D objects on a 2D surface we need to use shapes and VP Oil Texture Knife Techniques Triangles at different angles to represent a 3D mountain Vanishing Point 5
7. Space The area in which art is organised a. Positive Space The area closest to you b. Negative Space The area furthest from you Negative Space Negative Space Positive Space Positive Space Mixed Media 6 Gesso o A primer with a low density and high viscosity Modelling Paste o A texturing paste with a high density and low viscosity Media o Base of all acrylic colours o Used in many mixed media techniques o Low density and very high viscosity o Transparent Sawdust o Sawdust + Media Glitter o Glitter + Media Tissue Paper/ News Paper o Tissue Paper / News Paper + Media Cheese Cloth o Cheese Cloth + Media Sand o Sand + Media Aluminium Foil o Aluminium + Light tint of water colour Saran Wrap Lift (Watercolour + Acrylic Techniques) o A watered down acrylic or watercolour with saran wrap placed on top until dry or semi-dry. Saran Wrap is the removed creating a grouping flat texture. Photo Image Transfer o A laser printed image is transferred onto a canvas using media Stencilling + Stamping o Stencilling Using an object as a stencil or tracer
o Stamping Using an object to imprint or transfer the shape of image Alcohol/Oil with acrylic o Painting an acrylic base you add some dots of oil or alcohol which creates a separation in the paint Art Movements Realism o Painting a real and accurate portrayal of an image or scenery in front of you. Mona Lisa Surrealism o Painting a realistic portrayal of an image or scenery with a twist that is unnatural or not possible in real life. Melting Clocks Cubism o An abstract movement in where everything is painted with the basic shapes showing through. This may distort the image into seeming more abstract, but the 7
image has a defined shape or inspiration. Abstract o The painting will be created with a concept but that concept is not completely defined leaving it up to interpretation by the viewer. Pop- Art o Painted in a cartoonish way making the painting have a feel of being from a comic book or having the painting done in several different colours. Minimalism o An abstract movement in where the least amount of objects reside on the canvas meaning that is may just be a white canvas with a red line on it. 8
Contemporary o Modern Art Pointillism o A painting is created using only dots of different colours. 9
Splatter o No real shape (most of the time) and is much like abstract where the viewer can interpret what the painting however they like but this is all done with aggressive flicking of painting Impressionism o Creating a painting that looks like the object to the eye from a certain distance but up-close has a less detailed look to it. 10
Expressionism o A semi realistic painting in where a certain emotion or feeling is created by the expression of the paintings main focus or by the strokes done with the painting. 11