Detroit Dental Health Project QUESTIONS FOR EVALUATION OF BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTION (Oral Health Behaviors, Self Efficacy) CAREGIVER NAME: INDEX CHILD NAME: INDEX CHILD ID: VISIT DATE: / / TIME AM/PM (circle) MM DD YYYY IWR NAME IWR ID We are interested in understanding your dental health behaviors and how taking care of [INDEX CHILD] affects how you take care of his (or her) teeth and mouth. As a caregiver you may experience difficulties in your life and how you cope with them may impact your ability to promote the dental health of your child. I will also ask you questions about if and why you think it is important to promote the dental health of [INDEX CHILD]. I am going to ask you about your dental care practices and about the things you do to protect your and [INDEX CHILD] s dental health. I will also ask you about your beliefs about dental health. There is no right or wrong answer to the questions that I will ask you. The most important thing is to give your opinion. Many questions will be answered with one of a range of responses. These ranges (or scales) will be here, in front of you, and I will let you know when to refer to them. (IWR: HAND RESPONDENT THE SCALES SO HE OR SHE CAN SEE WHAT THESE ARE.) To make things easier, I ll read each question out loud and give you what the response alternatives are. You ll say what your answer is, and I ll mark it down in this booklet. Detroit Dental Health Project Wave 2 2004-2005 1
Dentists usually recommend that we brush our teeth twice a day. This may not be realistic for all of us. Some of us may brush once a day and some of us may not brush every day, but may brush a few times a week. We would like to gain an understanding of how often people actually brush. (1) During a typical day do you brush your teeth? SKIP (2), GO TO (3) (2) During a typical day, how many times do you brush your teeth? (3) Now, we re going to change and talk about a typical week. I want you to think of a typical 7- day week including Saturday and Sunday. Out of these seven days, how many days do you usually brush your teeth? (4) Out of these seven days, how many days do you brush before you go to bed? (5) Which of the following best describes how you brush your teeth? 1 I always use toothpaste. 2 Sometimes I use toothpaste and sometimes I don t. 3 I never use toothpaste. I d like to ask you the same questions about [INDEX CHILD]. Once again, some of our children may brush once a day and some of our children may not brush every day, but may brush a few times a week. We would like to gain an understanding of how often children s teeth are actually brushed, either by you, [INDEX CHILD] or someone else. If [INDEX CHILD] brushes his/her teeth and then you re-brush some areas consider this as brushing once. (6) During a typical day do [INDEX CHILD] s teeth get brushed (either by you, [INDEX CHILD] or someone else)? SKIP (7), GO TO (8) (7) During a typical day, how many times do [INDEX CHILD] s teeth get brushed? (8) Now, we re going to change and talk about a typical week. I want you to think of a typical 7- day week including Saturday and Sunday. Out of these seven days, how many days does [INDEX CHILD] usually get his/her teeth brushed? (9) Out of these seven days, how many days does [INDEX CHILD] have his/her teeth brushed before going to bed? (10) Which of the following best describes how [INDEX CHILD] s teeth get brushed? 1 Toothpaste is always used. 2 Sometimes toothpaste is used and sometimes it isn t. 3 Toothpaste is never used. Detroit Dental Health Project Wave 2 2004-2005 2
I am going to read some practices regarding [INDEX CHILD] s dental health and your dental health. For each of these practices I want you to indicate where you are right now. (11) I provide [INDEX CHILD] with non-sugared snacks such as fruits and vegetables. (12) I always give [INDEX CHILD] healthy meals. (13) I check [INDEX CHILD] for pre-cavities. (14) I make sure [INDEX CHILD] sees the dentist every 6 months. GO TO 11A. (11A) Would you like to GO TO 12A. (12A) Would you like to GO TO 13A. (13A) Would you like to GO TO 14A. (14A) Would you like to GO TO 11B. (11B) Do you feel that GO TO 12B. (12B) Do you feel that GO TO 13B. (13B) Do you feel that GO TO 14B. (14B) Do you feel that Detroit Dental Health Project Wave 2 2004-2005 3
(15) I make sure [INDEX CHILD] s teeth get brushed at bedtime. (16) I make sure [INDEX CHILD] s teeth get brushed twice per day. (17) I always brush my teeth at bedtime. (18) I always brush my teeth twice per day. GO TO 15A. (15A) Would you like to GO TO 16A. (16A) Would you like to GO TO 17A. (17A) Would you like to GO TO 18A. (18A) Would you like to GO TO 15B. (15B) Do you feel that GO TO 16B. (16B) Do you feel that GO TO 17B. (17B) Do you feel that GO TO 18B. (18B Do you feel that Detroit Dental Health Project Wave 2 2004-2005 4
SELF-EFFICACY In this part of the interview we would like you to tell us how sure you are that you can take care of your child s teeth or your teeth People differ in how sure they are about this. For each statement I am going to read, I would like you to tell me how sure you are that you can do it. Please look at the picture (SHOW CAREGIVER STAIRS). There are 10 steps for how sure you are that you can do the following tasks. The first step means that you are not sure at all, the tenth step means that you are extremely sure, and the fifth step means that you are somewhat sure. What step number from 1 to 10 best describes how sure you are about the following statements? You can use any number between 1 and 10. (READ THE PROMPT FOR EACH QUESTION) How sure are you that you can (19) Keep yourself from getting cavities? (20) Keep [INDEX CHILD] from getting cavities? (21) Brush your teeth twice every day? (22) Brush [INDEX CHILD] s teeth twice every day? Detroit Dental Health Project Wave 2 2004-2005 5
Please continue to look at this picture (SHOW CAREGIVER PICTURE). Each step stands for how sure you are that [INDEX CHILD] will brush his/her teeth twice a day. The first step means that you are not sure that [INDEX CHILD] will brush his/her teeth twice a day, the tenth step means that you are extremely sure that [INDEX CHILD] will brush his/her teeth twice a day, and the fifth step means that you are somewhat sure that [INDEX CHILD] will brush his/her teeth twice a day. You can choose any number between 1 and 10. What step number from 1 to 10 best describes how sure you are that [INDEX CHILD] will brush his/her teeth twice a day when: (READ THE PROMPT FOR EACH QUESTION) How sure are you that [INDEX CHILD] will brush his/her teeth twice a day when (21) You are under a lot of stress (22) You are feeling down (23) You are feeling anxious (24) You are feeling like you do not have the time (too busy) (25) You are tired (26) You are worried about other things in your life (27) [INDEX CHILD] doesn t behave when you want him/her to brush (28) You have to frequently remind [INDEX CHILD] to brush Detroit Dental Health Project Wave 2 2004-2005 6
Now I will read some statements people make about oral health. For each one, say whether you strongly agree, somewhat agree, neither agree nor disagree, somewhat disagree, or strongly disagree. (IWR: BE SURE THE RESPONDENT IS LOOKING AT THE RIGHT SCALE. READ EACH ITEM AND THE RESPONSE SCALE OUT LOUD.) (29) F1. Most children eventually develop dental cavities. (30) F6. Cavities in baby teeth don t matter since they fall out anyway. (31) No matter what I do [INDEX CHILD] will develop dental cavities. (32) [INDEX CHILD] behaves when I try to brush his/her teeth (clean or wipe his/her mouth). 5 STRONGLY AGREE 4 SOMEWHAT AGREE 3 NEITHER AGREE NOR DISAGREE 2 SOMEWHAT DISAGREE 1 STRONGLY DISAGREE (33) Putting a baby to bed with a bottle is ok. (34) Giving a child sugary foods after a nap or between meals is ok. (35) Fluoride is good for my child s health (36) How important is it to you that your child brushes his or her teeth twice a day, every day? 1--------2--------3--------4--------5--------6--------7--------8--------9--------10 Not very important Extremely import Thank you 7