Software Defined Radios greatly enhance deployable Command and Control capability Giuseppe di Riso
Analogue Radio In the middle of the fifties, the traditional electronics manufacturer Rohde & Schwarz from Munich presented a very heavy weight premium quality shortwave communications receiver, the EK 07. This receiver could be used in connection with an external FSK / SSB demodulator, a mechanic remote control and a panoramic registering unit.
Analogue Radio EK07 Block diagram of a double-conversion super heterodyne receiver a more sophisticated version of the super heterodyne receiver invented in 1918 by Edwin Armstrong and used in many modern radio receivers EK07 technical specifications Double conversion super heterodyne, 1st I.F. 3,3 MHz, 2nd I.F. 300 khz. Dimensions of 54 x 33 x 55 cm (front panel width more then the standard 19 rack). Weight of 66,3 kg.
Analogue Radio DSP EK07 successor, the EK 047 from the year 1969 featured a digital frequency display using nixie tubes and ISB (independent sideband) capabilities, further well known shortwave receivers were the EK 070 ten years later, the EK 085 in the year 1987 and the EK 890 / 891 which appeared in 1991, the latest top of the range receiver was the EK 896 from 1994 featuring personal computer control and DSP (digital signal processing) technology. Digital signal processing (DSP) is concerned with the representation of the signals by a sequence of numbers or symbols and the processing of these signals
What is a Software Defined Radio? Radio functionality through software rather than hardware. Software applications provide waveform generation and processing, encryption, signal processing, and other major communications functions. Programmable and able to accommodate various physical layer formats and protocols. Multiple software modules allow implementation of different standards in the same radio system. Flexibility of incorporation of new functionality, without need to upgrade or replace hardware components. Decreased maintenance costs, due to radio receivers being reconfigurable over-the-air.
Software Defined Radio: THE SOFTWARE COMMUNICATIONS ARCHITECTURE The most widely used software architecture for SDR is the Software Communications Architecture (SCA). SCA is published by the Joint Program Executive Office (JPEO) for JTRS. The SCA is a distributed systems architecture, allowing the various parts of applications to run on different processing elements. The SCA defines a protocol and an environment for the application components.
Software Defined Radio: Challenges and Opportunities Software Defined Radio (SDR) may provide flexible, upgradeable and longer lifetime radio equipment for the military and for civilian wireless communications infrastructure. SDR may also provide more flexible and possibly cheaper multistandard- terminals for end users. It is also important as a convenient base technology for the future context-sensitive, adaptive and learning radio units referred to as cognitive radios. SDR also poses many challenges, however, some of them causing SDR to evolve slower than otherwise anticipated. Transceiver development challenges include size, weight and power issues such as the required computing capacity, but also SW architectural challenges such as waveform application portability. SDR has demanding implications for regulators, security organizations and business developers.
Typical architecture of a military network
Typical architecture of a military network civilian networks strategic network (fixed infrastructure ) RZ VBS/BUND coalition networks mission network (deployable) tactical network (mobile) tactical network (mobile) tactical network (mobile) tactical network (mobile)
Waveform development environment, porting and integration PC ı Waveform Simulation Platform Verification of the waveform model Checking the data flow ı Waveform Development Platform Testing the real time performance Real-time debugging Access to transceiver module Integration and regression testing ı Target platforms Security features (encryption etc.) Multiple lines (relay, gateway, etc.) Integration and regression testing
Engineered for mission success R&S SDTR Next generation tactical radiocommunications system Version 5.12 9/2016
Engineered for mission success R&S SDTR Next generation software defined tactical radio
Our view Requirements Missions with allies Multinational operations Working in a coalition environment Border protection Homeland security with blue light organizations
Our view Requirements Interoperability with allied forces is ensured by: Support of NATO waveforms Future NATO waveforms Other coalition waveforms such as COALWNW, ESSOR, Capability to host waveforms from allies Interoperability in different crypto modes Seamless integration into existing IP networks
Open platform Porting waveforms Technical approach Crypto customization Rohde & Schwarz open platform Third-party waveform SCA-compliant Rohde & Schwarz radio platform SCA-compliant Third-party solution Third-party waveform Third-party radio platform
Open platform Porting waveforms Technical approach Crypto customization
Open platform Porting waveforms Technical approach Crypto customization Crypto customization possible Customer individual approach adapted to customer needs Effort Nationalization
R&S SDAR Airborne radio Vehicular R&S SDSR Stationary and shipborne radio Handheld R&S SDTR Tactical vehicular- and handheld radio
R&S SDTR Key features Vehicular installation Compact tactical vehicular radio with internal power amplifier and cosite filters Frequency range 30 MHz to 512 MHz with high frequency agility Output power 50 W Rugged design in line with MIL-STD-810 Capable to host waveforms with several thousand frequency hops per second Capable to host hopping waveforms with several Mbps throughput Vehicular Handheld
R&S SDTR Key features Vehicular installation Vehicular Handheld
R&S SDTR Key features Vehicular installation Multiline R&S SDTR VHF / UHF R&S HDR HAVE QUICK R&S M3TR HF ALE-3G IP xdl (STANAG 4538) R&S SDTR R&S SDTR R&S M3TR Vehicular Handheld
R&S SDTR Key features Vehicular installation Control Controls several tactical radios Designed for operation on the move No separate power supply Address book Vehicular Handheld Control unit
R&S SDTR Key features Vehicular installation IP- Networks BMS Tactical router Vehicular Handheld
R&S SDTR Key features Vehicular installation Intercom Analogue legacy Modem IP-based Vehicular Handheld
R&S SDTR Key features Vehicular installation Antennas Outstanding cosite characteristics Small distance between antennas possible R&S HK061and R&S HK055L1vehicular broadband antennas Vehicular Handheld
R&S SDTR Key features Vehicular installation Integrated platforms Size Weight Power Heat dissipation Multiple comm-lines Wolf Wiesel Vehicular Puma Handheld Eagle IV Dingo II Ennok Fennek Boxer
R&S SDHR Handheld Key features Compact tactical handheld radio Frequency range 30 MHz to 512 Output power 5 W Rugged design in line with MIL-STD-810 modern hopping IP waveforms with MANET functionality Interoperability mode with R&S SDTR Vehicular Handheld
SATCOM (V-SAT) Public networks At the halt Static National network Allied mission network On the move On the move R&S HDR Dismounted
Data rate Networking Mobility Channel availability R&S HDR Range Anti jamming Start Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5 Summary
R&S HDR-WB R&S HDR Start Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5 Summary
R&S HDR-WB R&S HDR Start Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5 Summary
R&S HDR-WB R&S HDR Start Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5 Summary
R&S HDR-AJ-WB Subnet 1 R&S HDR-AJ-WB Subnet 2 R&S HDR Start Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5 Summary
R&S HDR-AJ-WB R&S HDR-AJ-NB Subnet 1 R&S HDR-AJ-NB Subnet 2 R&S HDR Start Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5 Summary
Summary R&S HDR R&S HDR waveform suite Data rate Networking Transparent interface Mobile ad hoc networking Self-healing Mobility Channel availability Range Anti jamming R&S HDR-AJ-Wideband R&S HDR-Wideband R&S HDR-AJ-Narrowband R&S HDR Start Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 Scenario 5 Summary
Security Security management system Waveform dependent crypto processing including COMSEC and TRANSEC RF-Processing Waveform Processing Crypto Processing Red Data Processing
Security Security management system Black key management System key management for secure software update Rugged crypto device with true random number generator, tamper protection Crypto ignition key
Time Mone y Simplified handling Personnel Mission planning Distribution Monitoring and remote control Wrap up
Time Mone y Easy integration Personnel Quick integration of IP-based applications Open standard interfaces Succesfully tested with
Time Money Personnel Safety of investment due to waveform portability
Time Money Personne l User-friendly design for easy and intuitive operation
Summary
Software Defined Radio: R&S SDTR the answer. Today s emerging Software Defined Radios (SDRs) will provide the 21 Century War-fighter a system that is software reprogrammable, multimode, multi-band, networked, robust, mobile, flexible, and provides simultaneous voice, data and video information.