AllReal APOLLO series steady-state solar simulator are AAA class which is the highest class on the world. AllReal APOLLO solar simulators designed with specific optical technology by tandem Xenon lamps, the uniformity can be assured within 2%. Every lamp module will be with stable uniformity and spectral characteristics without spending much time to adjust it. AllReal APOLLO solar simulator can also complete the illumination measurement in a short time by opening and closing the lamp cover, especially the spectral match and uniformity still keep stable (A class), it can be said that AllReal APOLLO solar simulator is the one that most similar to the real sun. The spectral coverage of AllReal APOLLO solar simulator is from 350nm to 3000nm, almost all of the thin film solar module (mono-si / poly-si / a-si / tandem Si / CIGS / CdS / DSSC) test can be completed by APOLLO. Moreover, the correct power voltage can also be gotten without reference cell. APOLLO have successfully built more than 100 lamp modules over the world, and have been verified to be the only one that keep AAA performance after long-term use. Therefore, APOLLO is the best choice for testing laboratory and quality inspection of company to select solar simulator. 1
APOLLO solar simulator is in compliance with standards : IEC 60904-9:Photovoltaic devices Part 9: Solar simulator performance IEC60904-9 Classification Apollo Actual Apollo requirements classification A Measurement Classification categories Spectral 0.75-1.25 ~0.96-1.04 A mismatch Non-uniformity 2% ~1.2% -2% A of irradiance Temporal 2% ~1% A Instability Table 1 IEC 61215 IEC 61646 (Table 2) / IEC 61730 / IEC 61215 / IEC 61646 Testing Maximum Power Determination Performance at STC Performance at NOCT Performance at low irradiance Measurement of temperature coefficients Hot-spot endurance test Light Soaking Test (IEC 61646) Solar Simulator Classification BBA BBB BBB BBB BBB CCB or better CCC or better Table 2 2
APOLLO solar simulator award certificates from TOP 3 authentication organizations AllReal APOLLO solar simulator awards certificates from TÜ V Rheinland (Germany) Underwriter Laboratory (US) National Institute of Metrology (China), and also the only one to acquire AAA large area steady-state solar simulator certification of the world. Authentication Organization Brief Introduction Issued by Issue Date Document No. TÜ V Rheinland is the leading Issued classification TÜ V Rheinland inspection organization of Germany and it has got a history of 130 years. It issued only one AAA Dr. Werner Herrmann Jan/2009 21210646 AAA certification until nowadays. UL is the leading inspection UL organization of photovoltaic module performance and reliability on the Charles Jiang /Jason Knedlhans Feb/2009 SV17654 AAA world. CNAS laboratory, NIM is China s NIM national metrological institute and technical center for legal metrology Dr. Hsiung Li Min Apr/2009 GXtc2009-0510 AAA 3
AllReal APOLLO solar simulator features: A. AAA steady-state light source is the only one identified equal to the light from real sun. No matter what thin film photovoltaic module or photovoltaic module that need to expose to long-term illumination, it can obtain correct power voltage without derivation, approximation or compensation, truly conforms to testing requirements. B. Multi lamp module tandem design can assure AAA class even when any one of the lamp modules shot down. (Graph 1) APOLLO in Intertek Shanghai (Graph 2) APOLLO light shape on testing plane (Graph 3) PV module placed on APOLLO testing stand (Graph 4) C. The object under test needs to be at least 7.5 meters from and the light source, the reflection from the object does not interference optical characteristics, and the real Nature condition can be completely simulated. = Graph 2:Example from APOLLO in Intertek Shanghai Graph 1:Tandem design 4
W*m-2*nm-1 Large Area Steady State Solar Simulator - Apollo Graph 3:Light Shape Graph 4:PV module placed on APOLLO testing stand D. Specific optical design, the irradiance uniformity can be assured AAA for long, and there s no need any iron grids or mask between lamp module and object under test, and the real Nature condition can be completely simulated. E. The measured value of APOLLO spectral mismatch is from 0.96-1.04, almost 5 times better than class A (0.75-1.25).(Graph 5) 3.00 Apollo spectra vs. AM1.5G 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 AM1.5G Apollo 0.50 0.00 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 Wavelength (nm) Graph 5:APOLLO(Spectral Match):Better than Class A (defined by IEC60904-9) 5
F. Smart automation design Operators can easily switch different illumination (200 W/m 2 ~1000 W/m 2 ) through touch screen, it can also keep AAA performance without any manual adjustment. (Table 3~7 Compliance with IEC 60904-9 Non-Uniformity of Irradiance Class A) Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 6
Table 6 Table 7 Remark: The data in Table 3~7 are from Model SS2622(irradiance area 2.6m 2.2m) measured the uniformity separately under 1000 W/m 2 800 W/m 2 600 W/m 2 400 W/m 2 and 200 W/m 2, the effective area are divided into 13 11 parts. G. AllReal APOLLO solar simulators can integrate IV curve measurement system to provide complete photovoltaic solar module power voltage test solution. APOLLO can complete IV curve measurement under five different irradiances in an hour. (200 W/m 2 400W/m 2 600 W/m 2 800 W/m 2 1000 W/m 2 ) H. AllReal originally design and develop, manufactured in Taiwan, for sale in China, with guarantee after sale. 7
Comparison of AllReal Apollo 3A steady-state solar simulator and others on the market: Apollo-AAA others Irradiance area per single lamp All Testing area Part of testing area Non-uniformity measurement method Homogenizer Wire meshes or reflection chamber Non-uniformity Cycle confirmation No need to confirm within lamp life Around 10 days to a month utility rate of luminous energy Very good Not good Range of radiation intencity 200 W/m 2 to 1000 W/m 2, it can be adjust successively without Filter Full power +/- 10% i.e. 900 ~ 1100 W/m 2, Filter will be necessary when doing low irradiance test Third Party authentication TUV / NIM / UL - Specification: Light Source: Xenon (The quantity will depend on customer s need, Homogenizer and Filter will be included.) Lamp Life: 1000 hr Irradiance: >1050 W/m 2 Illumination area : 1.4 m x 1.1 m / 1.5 m x 1.5 m / 2.0 m x 1.7 m / 2.0 m x 2.0 m / 2.3 m x 2.0 m / 2.5 m x 1.5 m / 2.5 m x 2.5 m /2.6 m x 2.2 m / 3.0 m x 3.0 m Spectral Match: Class A (Compliance with IEC 60904-9 Spectral Match class A definition: 0.75-1.25) Non-Uniformity of Irradiance: Class A (Compliance with IEC 60904-9 Non-Uniformity of Irradiance class A definition: 2%) Temporal Instability: Class A(Compliance with IEC 60904-9 Temporal Instability class A definition: 2% ) 8
Other supporting equipment: I-V tracer: Advantages 16 Bit Analog to Digital Converter Module, Analytic capacity can be 1/65536 The most average sample numbers of IV can be 1600 points, the curve is closed to reality (Graph 6) Equipped with active resistor loading, and also can do Vos-Isc-Voc bidirectional measurement, find out the Graph 6:IV Curve measurement speed to fit the module. Each measurement channel is fully adjustable to adept to different situation and condition. 4-wire PV module measurement cable,the measurement won t be distorted(graph 7) Monitor Cell PT100Thermalmeter, can analyze the change of light source to millisecond. Graph 7:4-wire PV module measurement Specification 16 Bit Analog to Digital Converter Module Sampling Rate: Up to 30 ks/s Sample:400~1600 points Voltage ranges for PV module I-V measurement: 50V / 250V / 500V,resolution: 10mV,accuracy: 0.2%FS Current ranges for PV module I-V measurement: 2A / 10A / 40A (2A/10A accuracy : 0.2%FS) The power of a single PV module under 1000 W can be measured within working voltage and current ranges. PT100 thermometer 0~100,resolution 0.1. Real time irradiance monitor: Monitor Cell (Fig. 8). Single:voltage/current Material:mono-Si Irradiance range:0.1~1.3 sun Fig. 8:Monitor Cell 9
Current (A) Power (W) Large Area Steady State Solar Simulator - Apollo Power source requirements Specification:single-phase two-wire system / AC 110 ~220 V / 10 A / 50/60 Hz Power supply:500 W Experiments data: Measurement of a Tandem PV module by the Apollo steady state solar simulator For tandem PV modules are made of several different photoabsorption materials with specific band gaps, the photons of different wavelength from sun light are required to be transformed into electrical power. Apollo steady state solar simulator provides the light source of which the spectrum is extremely close to nature sunlight to rate the PV modules correctly and save the cost. 3.0 I sc Current Power 160 2.5 2.0 140 120 100 1.5 1.0 0.5 V oc 80 60 40 20 0.0 0 0 20 40 60 80 Voltage (V) Cell (or module) Area:1.4 m 1.1 m Irradiance:1000 W/m 2 Temperature:25 I sc V oc P mpp I mpp V mpp Fill Factor Efficiency R s R h 2.79 A 79.49 V 146.79 W 2.36 A 62.16 V 66.26 % 9.49 % 650.58 Ω 266.50 Ω 10