CONTENTS Preface xii Chapter One Invention: Exploring the Landscapes of the Mind 1 Strategies for Invention 2 Elbow, Peter. Freewriting 12 Thomas, Audrey. Basmati Rice: An Essay about Words 34 Trinh, T. Minh-ha. From Commitment from the Mirror-Writing Box 41 Zinsser, William. Simplicity 45 Chapter Two Development: Bridging the Gap Between Writer and Audience 50 Methods of Development 51 Development for Different Purposes 54 Alexander, Brian. The Remastered Race 57 Doidge, Norman. The Suit 67 Hanna, Dawn. Hooked on Trek 72 Menzies, Heather. When Roots Grow Back into the Earth 115 Murray, Donald M. The Maker s Eye: Revising Your Own Manuscript 120 Chapter Three Arrangement: Giving Structure to Ideas 133 Introductions 134 Body Paragraphs: Confirmation 135 Body Paragraphs: Refutation and Concession 138
iv Contents Conclusions 140 Caragata, Warren. Crime in Cybercity 141 Kingwell, Mark. The Goods on the Tube 152 Welbourn, Kathryn. Outports and Outlaws 195 Chapter Four Style: Pushing the Boundaries 204 Diction 205 Figurative Language 207 Tone 208 Sentence Variety 209 Paragraph Length 210 Bacon, Francis. Of Studies 214 Genosko, Gary. Hockey and Culture 231 Marlatt, Daphne. Difference (em)bracing 252 Ondaatje, Michael. Aunts 258 Trudeau, Pierre. On Bilingualism 260 Chapter Five Delivery: Creating a Public Voice 274 Guidelines for Creating a Public Voice 274 Aristotle. From Rhetoric 277 Douglas, Tommy. Capital Punishment 279
Contents v Lewis, Stephen. AIDS in Africa 302 Chapter Six Identifying and Writing about Rhetorical Strategies 365 Step One: Reading the Essay 366 Step Two: Presenting Introductory Details 369 Step Three: Selecting Data and Formulating Your Thesis 369 Step Four: Arranging and Developing Body Paragraphs 370 Step Five: Concluding 371 Step Six: Proofreading 372 Step Seven: Crafting a Title 372 Sample Essay 1: Barbie Bashing 372 Sample Essay 2: The Confinement of Choice 375 Chapter Seven Writing Research Papers 377 The Research Paper 377 The Assignment 378 Step One: Choosing a Topic 378 Step Two: Locating Relevant Information 383 Step Three: Evaluating Information 386 Step Four: Drafting the Paper 392 Step Five: Revising 394 Sample Student Essay: MLA Style of Documentation 395 Rehnby, Maret. Let s Not Have Another Cup of Coffee 396 Other Styles of Documentation 404 Credits 409 Index 411
ALTERNATIVE TABLE OF CONTENTS: METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT AND RHETORICAL AIMS Description Doidge, Norman. The Suit 67 Menzies, Heather. When Roots Grow Back into the Earth 115 Ondaatje, Michael. Aunts 258 Welbourn, Kathryn. Outports and Outlaws 195 Narration Doidge, Norman. The Suit 67 Menzies, Heather. When Roots Grow Back into the Earth 115 Ondaatje, Michael. Aunts 258 Welbourn, Kathryn. Outports and Outlaws 195 Process Analysis Elbow, Peter. Freewriting 12 Murray, Donald M. The Maker s Eye: Revising Your Own Manuscript 120 Zinsser, William. Simplicity 45 Definition Alexander, Brian. The Remastered Race 57 Aristotle. From Rhetoric 277
Methods of Development and Rhetorical Aims vii Bacon, Francis. Of Studies 214 Thomas, Audrey. Basmati Rice: An Essay about Words 34 Trinh, T. Minh-ha. From Commitment from the Mirror-Writing Box 41 Trudeau, Pierre. On Bilingualism 260 Example and Illustration Alexander, Brian. The Remastered Race 57 Caragata, Warren. Crime in Cybercity 141 Genosko, Gary. Hockey and Culture 231 Kingwell, Mark. The Goods on the Tube 152 Marlatt, Daphne. Difference (em)bracing 252 Thomas, Audrey. Basmati Rice: An Essay about Words 34 Comparison and Contrast Caragata, Warren. Crime in Cybercity 141
viii Alternative Table of Contents Classification and Division Aristotle. From Rhetoric 277 Bacon, Francis. Of Studies 214 Hanna, Dawn. Hooked on Trek 72 Cause and Effect Elbow, Peter. Freewriting 12 Hanna, Dawn. Hooked on Trek 72 Lewis, Stephen. AIDS in Africa 302
Methods of Development and Rhetorical Aims ix Persuasion Douglas, Tommy, Capital Punishment 279 Kingwell, Mark. The Goods on the Tube 152 Lewis, Stephen. AIDS in Africa 302 Trinh, T. Minh-ha. From Commitment from the Mirror-Writing Box 41
x Alternative Table of Contents ALTERNATIVE TABLE OF CONTENTS: TOPICS AND ISSUES Writing Process Elbow, Peter. Freewriting 12 Murray, Donald M. The Maker s Eye: Revising Your Own Manuscript 120 Thomas, Audrey. Basmati Rice: An Essay about Words 34 Trinh, T. Minh-ha. From Commitment from the Mirror-Writing Box 41 Zinsser, William. Simplicity 45 Education Aristotle. From Rhetoric 277 Bacon, Francis. Of Studies 214 Language and Culture Canadian Nationalism and Regionalism Genosko, Gary. Hockey and Culture 231 Trudeau, Pierre. On Bilingualism 260 Welbourn, Kathryn. Outports and Outlaws 195 Race and Ethnicity
Topics and Issues xi Gender and Identity Marlatt, Daphne. Difference (em)bracing 252 Family, Memory, and Stories of Survival Doidge, Norman. The Suit 67 Ondaatje, Michael. Aunts 258 Mass Media Hanna, Dawn. Hooked on Trek 72 Kingwell, Mark. The Goods on the Tube 152 Nature and Society Menzies, Heather. When Roots Grow Back into the Earth 115 Science and Technology Alexander, Brian. The Remastered Race 57 Law and Ethics Douglas, Tommy. Capital Punishment 279 Caragata, Warren. Crime in Cybercity 141 Lewis, Stephen. AIDS in Africa 302