Evolution of cellular wireless systems from 2G to 5G 5G overview 6-13 th October 2017 Enrico Buracchini TIM INNOVATION DEPT.
Up to now.we are here. Source : Qualcomm presentation @ 5G Tokyo Bay Summit (july 2015)
«IMT vision»: Usage Scenarios of IMT for 2020 and beyond Enhanced mobile broadband Gigabytes in a second 3D video, UHD screens Smart home/building Work and play in the cloud Augmented reality Smart city Voice Future IMT Industry automation Mission critical application Self driving car Massive machine type communications Ultra-reliable and low latency communications [Source: Racc. ITU-R M.2083, IMT Vision ] M.2083-02 3
5G in a nutshell 4
«IMT2020» Vision Capabilities (ITU R 5D VISION). 5
3GPP Roadmap 5G features will be phased as it will be not possible to standardize all in time for Rel-15 completion and early deployments (2018-2020) Release 15 (aka phase 1, by June 18) will aim at a first phase of expected deployments in 2020 (Japan Olympic Games) Release 16 (aka phase 2, by Dec 19) will target the ITU IMT- 2020 submission Additional Early drop milestone (Dec 17-March 18) added to intercept market needs in Korea (2018 Winter Game) and USA (Verizon trials) Early Drop Rel15 NSA (Non Stand Alone) SA - Stand Alone NR (New Radio) non-standalone hotspots/small cells where (e)lte provides mainly control plane (dot lines) & wide area coverage, while NR boosts user plane by high bit rate connections Non standalone «LTE Assisted», EPC Connected 6
5G Enablers NR -New Radio with cmw/mmw adoption Ultra Network Densification New waveform design & ultra-lean signalling Massive/Full Dimensional MIMO (>>> 8x8 antennas) & Beamforming Cloud/Virtual RAN: Virtualized access network & base band pooling Network Slicing 7
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Use Case enhanced BroadBand (embb): mmw adoption BENEFITS Availability of large spectrum portions of the order of hundreds of MHz; Extremely high data rates, (for example, the 20 Gbps peak downlink indoor environment); Very high spatial reuse thanks to beamforming techniques; "Flexible deployment": it is possible to use the radio interface for both user terminals and backhauling / fronthauling access. CHALLENGES Technologies never used up to now for cellular networks: initial costs potentially high and challenges related to RF components, mainly on UE side High link attenuation (partly attenuated by beamforming gains) and high sensitivity to "blocking" and absorption phenomena, in addition to the difficulties associated with indoor penetration need for robust and efficient algorithms for track / search of the beams and complex system management with numerous "directional" connections. 9
5G: New Radio principles Use of OFDM as in LTE, but increasing efficiency in the use of available bandwidth (90% LTE at 95% -98%) Different pilot symbols (RS) with respect to LTE, in order to manage the effects of the radio channel above 6GHz, also trying to reduce overhead (OH) and interference generated; Adoption of different carrier spacing values (30, 60, 120, 240, 480 KHz and not just 15 khz as in LTE) to handle different bandwidths and different use cases, even dynamically and possibly simultaneously; Adoption of several Cyclix Prefix values to manage different coverage ranges as the frequency range varies; "Ultra Lean Signaling": attempts to reduce overhead control channels, both common and dedicated, adoption of "grant free operation" for low latency use and "self contained signaling". 10
MASSIVE/FD MIMO & BEAMFORMING High number of antenna elements at the Base Station; Tens of users simultaneously served on the same radio resources thanks to the Multi User MIMO (MU-MIMO) by using beamforming techniques 11
5G: Cloud/Virtual-RAN Cloud/Virtual-RAN KEY WORDS Centralize Coordinate Capex/Opex SAVINGS BB pooling & coordinated signal processing BB Capacity increase ( not peak BB planning) due to centralisation & virtualisation Easier deployment of HetNet Scenarios improved Energy Efficiency due to centralisation RF in RRH & different functional splits of BB protocols levels under discussion Cloud/Virtual-RAN Base Station Virtual Base Station Cluster 12
C/V-RAN: Functional Split challenges & complexity Centralization Higher Requirements: lower latency, higher bandwidth Gains from coordination, joint processing Decentralization Relaxed Requirements: latency and lower bandwidth Lower Gains from coordination, performance, limited resource pooling 13
5G: Network Slicing Network Slicing Services with heterogeneous requirements (embb, IoT, Public Safety, ULLR) on the same infrastructure Slicing is an e2e concept which spans from CN to the access network Each slice aggregates some network functions Dinamic slice selection guaranteed for each traffic component Simultaneous access to multiple slices Orchestration needed to manage a sliced network Slice selection assistance functionalities Slice selection 14
Thank You 15