Not for New Design These parts are in production but have been determined to be NOT FOR NEW DESIGN. This classification indicates that sale of this device is currently restricted to existing customer applications. The device should not be purchased for new design applications because obsolescence in the near future is probable. Samples are no longer available. Date of status change: June 5, 7 Recommended Substitutions: For existing customer transition, and for new customers or new applications, use ACS7. NOTE: For detailed information on purchasing options, contact your local Allegro field applications engineer or sales representative. reserves the right to make, from time to time, revisions to the anticipated product life cycle plan for a product to accommodate changes in production capabilities, alternative product availabilities, or market demand. The information included herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, assumes no responsibility for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use.
Features and Benefits Low-noise analog signal path Device bandwidth is set via the FILTER pin 5 µs output rise time in response to step input current khz bandwidth Total output error.5% typical, at T A = 5 C Small footprint, low-profile SOIC package. mω internal conductor resistance. kvrms minimum isolation voltage from pins - to pins 5-5. V, single supply operation to 5 mv/a output sensitivity Output voltage proportional to AC or DC currents Factory-trimmed for accuracy Extremely stable output offset voltage Nearly zero magnetic hysteresis Ratiometric output from supply voltage Operating temperature range, C to 5 C TÜV America Certificate Number: UV 5 5 Package: pin SOIC (suffix LC) Description The Allegro ACS7 provides economical and precise solutions for AC or DC current sensing in automotive systems. The device package allows for easy implementation by the customer. Typical applications include motor control, load detection and management, switch-mode power supplies, and overcurrent fault protection. The device consists of a precise, low-offset, linear Hall circuit with a copper conduction path located near the surface of the die. Applied current flowing through this copper conduction path generates a magnetic field which the Hall IC converts into a proportional voltage. Device accuracy is optimized through the close proximity of the magnetic signal to the Hall transducer. A precise, proportional voltage is provided by the low-offset, chopper-stabilized BiCMOS Hall IC, which is programmed for accuracy after packaging. The output of the device has a positive slope (>V IOUT(Q) ) when an increasing current flows through the primary copper conduction path (from pins and, to pins 3 and ), which is the path used for current sampling. The internal resistance of this conductive path is. mω typical, providing low power loss. The thickness of the copper conductor allows survival of the device at up to 5 overcurrent conditions. The terminals of Continued on the next page Approximate Scale : Typical Application I P 3 ACS7 VCC VIOUT FILTER GND 7 5 V OUT C F nf +5 V C BYP. µf Application. The ACS7 outputs an analog signal, V OUT. that varies linearly with the uni- or bi-directional AC or DC primary sampled current, I P, within the range specified. C F is recommended for noise management, with values that depend on the application. ACS7-DS, Rev. June 5, 7
Description (continued) the conductive path are electrically isolated from the signal leads (pins 5 through ). This allows the ACS7 to be used in applications requiring electrical isolation without the use of opto-isolators or other costly isolation techniques. The ACS7 is provided in a small, surface mount SOIC package. The leadframe is plated with % matte tin, which is compatible with standard lead (Pb) free printed circuit board assembly processes. Internally, the device is Pb-free, except for flip-chip high-temperature Pb based solder balls, currently exempt from RoHS. The device is fully calibrated prior to shipment from the factory. Selection Guide Part Number Optimized Range, I P (A) Sensitivity, Sens (Typ) (mv/a) T A ( C) Packing* ACS7ELCTR-5B-T ±5 5 ACS7ELCTR-A-T ± to 5 ACS7ELCTR-3A-T ±3 ACS7LLCTR-5B-T ±5 5 Tape and reel, 3 pieces/reel ACS7LLCTR-A-T ± ACS7LLCTR-3A-T ±3 to 5 ACS7LLCTR-5A-T ±5 *Contact Allegro for additional packing options. Absolute Maximum Ratings Characteristic Symbol Notes Rating Units Supply Voltage V CC V Reverse Supply Voltage V RCC. V Output Voltage V IOUT V Reverse Output Voltage V RIOUT. V Output Current Source I IOUT(Source) 3 ma Output Current Sink I IOUT(Sink) ma Overcurrent Transient Tolerance I P pulse, ms A Range E to 5 ºC Nominal Operating Ambient Temperature T A Range L to 5 ºC Maximum Junction Temperature T J (max) 5 ºC Storage Temperature T stg 5 to 7 ºC Isolation Characteristics Characteristic Symbol Notes Rating Unit Agency type-tested for seconds per Dielectric Strength Test Voltage* V ISO UL standard 95-, st Edition VAC For basic (single) isolation per UL standard Working Voltage for Basic Isolation V WFSI 95-, st Edition 35 VDC or V pk For reinforced (double) isolation per UL standard Working Voltage for Reinforced Isolation V WFRI 95-, st Edition VDC or V pk * Allegro does not conduct -second testing. It is done only during the UL certification process. TÜV America Certificate Number: UV 5 5 Parameter Fire and Electric Shock Specification CAN/CSA-C. No. 95--3 UL 95-:3 EN 95-: 5 Northeast Cutoff, Box 53 Worcester, Massachusetts 5-3 (5) 53-5
Functional Block Diagram VCC (Pin ) +5 V Hall Current Drive (Pin ) Sense Temperature Coefficient Trim (Pin ) IP (Pin 3) IP (Pin ) Dynamic Offset Cancellation Sense Trim Signal Recovery Ampere Offset Adjust R F(INT) VIOUT (Pin 7) GND (Pin 5) FILTER (Pin ) Pin-out Diagram VCC 7 VIOUT 3 FILTER 5 GND Terminal List Table Number Name Description and Terminals for current being sampled; fused internally 3 and Terminals for current being sampled; fused internally 5 GND Signal ground terminal FILTER Terminal for external capacitor that sets bandwidth 7 VIOUT Analog output signal VCC Device power supply terminal 5 Northeast Cutoff, Box 53 Worcester, Massachusetts 5-3 (5) 53-5 3
COMMON OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS over full range of T A, C F = nf, and, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Supply Voltage V CC.5 5. 5.5 V Supply Current I CC V CC = 5. V, output open 3 ma Output Capacitance Load C LOAD VIOUT to GND nf Output Resistive Load R LOAD VIOUT to GND.7 kω Primary Conductor Resistance R PRIMARY T A = 5 C. mω Rise Time t r I P = I P (max), T A = 5 C, C OUT = open 3.5 μs Frequency Bandwidth f 3 db, T A = 5 C; I P is A peak-to-peak khz Nonlinearity E LIN Over full range of I P.5 % Symmetry E SYM Over full range of I P 9 % Zero Current Output Voltage V IOUT(Q) Bidirectional; I P = A, T A = 5 C V CC.5 V Output reaches 9% of steady-state level, T Power-On Time t J = 5 C, A present PO on leadframe 35 µs Magnetic Coupling G/A Internal Filter Resistance 3 R F(INT).7 kω Device may be operated at higher primary current levels, I P, and ambient, T A, and internal leadframe temperatures, T A, provided that the Maximum Junction Temperature, T J (max), is not exceeded. G =. mt. 3 R F(INT) forms an RC circuit via the FILTER pin. COMMON THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS Min. Typ. Max. Units Operating Internal Leadframe Temperature T A E range 5 C L range 5 C Junction-to-Lead Thermal Resistance R θjl Mounted on the Allegro ASEK 7 evaluation board 5 C/W Mounted on the Allegro 5-3 evaluation board, includes the power consumed by the board Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance R θja 3 C/W Additional thermal information is available on the Allegro website. The Allegro evaluation board has 5 mm of oz. copper on each side, connected to pins and, and to pins 3 and, with thermal vias connecting the layers. Performance values include the power consumed by the PCB. Further details on the board are available from the Frequently Asked Questions document on our website. Further information about board design and thermal performance also can be found in the Applications Information section of this datasheet. Value Units 5 Northeast Cutoff, Box 53 Worcester, Massachusetts 5-3 (5) 53-5
x5b PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS over Range E: T A = C to 5 C, C F = nf, and, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units Optimized Accuracy Range I P 5 5 A Sensitivity Sens Over full range of I P, T A = 5 C 5 9 mv/a Noise V NOISE(PP) Peak-to-peak, T A = 5 C, 5 mv/a programmed Sensitivity, C F = 7 nf, C OUT = open, khz bandwidth mv Zero Current Output Slope V OUT(Q) T A = C to 5 C. mv/ C T A = 5 C to 5 C. mv/ C Sensitivity Slope Sens T A = C to 5 C.5 mv/a/ C T A = 5 C to 5 C. mv/a/ C Electrical Output Voltage V OE I P = A mv Total Output Error E TOT I P =±5 A, T A = 5 C ±.5 % Device may be operated at higher primary current levels, I P, and ambient temperatures, T A, provided that the Maximum Junction Temperature, T J(max), is not exceeded. Percentage of I P, with I P = 5 A. Output filtered. x5b PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS over Range L: T A = C to 5 C, C F = nf, and, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units Optimized Accuracy Range I P 5 5 A Sensitivity Sens Over full range of I P, T A = 5 C 5 mv/a Noise V NOISE(PP) Peak-to-peak, T A = 5 C, 5 mv/a programmed Sensitivity, C F = 7 nf, C OUT = open, khz bandwidth mv Zero Current Output Slope V OUT(Q) T A = C to 5 C. mv/ C T A = 5 C to 5 C. mv/ C Sensitivity Slope Sens T A = C to 5 C.5 mv/a/ C T A = 5 C to 5 C. mv/a/ C Electrical Output Voltage V OE I P = A mv Total Output Error E TOT I P =±5 A, T A = 5 C ±.5 % I P =±5 A, T A = C to 5 C 7 7 % Device may be operated at higher primary current levels, I P, and ambient temperatures, T A, provided that the Maximum Junction Temperature, T J(max), is not exceeded. Percentage of I P, with I P = 5 A. Output filtered. 5 Northeast Cutoff, Box 53 Worcester, Massachusetts 5-3 (5) 53-5 5
xa PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS over Range E: T A = C to 5 C, C F = nf, and, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units Optimized Accuracy Range I P A Sensitivity Sens Over full range of I P, T A = 5 C 9 mv/a Noise V NOISE(PP) Peak-to-peak, T A = 5 C, mv/a programmed Sensitivity, C F = 7 nf, C OUT = open, khz bandwidth mv Zero Current Output Slope V OUT(Q) T A = C to 5 C.3 mv/ C T A = 5 C to 5 C.7 mv/ C Sensitivity Slope Sens T A = C to 5 C.7 mv/a/ C T A = 5 C to 5 C. mv/a/ C Electrical Output Voltage V OE I P = A 3 3 mv Total Output Error E TOT I P = ± A, T A = 5 C ±.5 % Device may be operated at higher primary current levels, I P, and ambient temperatures, T A, provided that the Maximum Junction Temperature, T J (max), is not exceeded. Percentage of I P, with I P = A. Output filtered. xa PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS over Range L: T A = C to 5 C, C F = nf, and, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units Optimized Accuracy Range I P A Sensitivity Sens Over full range of I P, T A = 5 C mv/a Over full range of I P, T A = C to 5 C 9 mv/a Noise V NOISE(PP) Peak-to-peak, T A = 5 C, mv/a programmed Sensitivity, C F = 7 nf, C OUT = out, khz bandwidth mv Zero Current Output Slope V OUT(Q) T A = C to 5 C.3 mv/ C T A = 5 C to 5 C.7 mv/ C Sensitivity Slope Sens T A = C to 5 C.7 mv/a/ C T A = 5 C to 5 C. mv/a/ C Electrical Output Voltage V OE I P = A mv Total Output Error E TOT I P = ± A, T A = 5 C ±.5 % I P = ± A, T A = C to 5 C 5 5 % Device may be operated at higher primary current levels, I P, and ambient temperatures, T A, provided that the Maximum Junction Temperature, T J (max), is not exceeded. Percentage of I P, with I P = A. Output filtered. 5 Northeast Cutoff, Box 53 Worcester, Massachusetts 5-3 (5) 53-5
x3a PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS over Range E: T A = C to 5 C, C F = nf, and, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units Optimized Accuracy Range I P 3 3 A Sensitivity Sens Over full range of I P, T A = 5 C mv/a Noise V NOISE(PP) Peak-to-peak, T A = 5 C, mv/a programmed Sensitivity, C F = 7 nf, C OUT = open, khz bandwidth 7 mv Zero Current Output Slope V OUT(Q) T A = C to 5 C.35 mv/ C T A = 5 C to 5 C. mv/ C Sensitivity Slope Sens T A = C to 5 C.7 mv/a/ C T A = 5 C to 5 C. mv/a/ C Electrical Output Voltage V OE I P = A 3 3 mv Total Output Error E TOT I P = ±3 A, T A = 5 C ±.5 % Device may be operated at higher primary current levels, I P, and ambient temperatures, T A, provided that the Maximum Junction Temperature, T J (max), is not exceeded. Percentage of I P, with I P = 3 A. Output filtered. x3a PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS over Range L: T A = C to 5 C, C F = nf, and, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units Optimized Accuracy Range I P 3 3 A Sensitivity Sens Over full range of I P, T A = 5 C mv/a Over full range of I P, T A = C to 5 C 3 9 mv/a Noise V NOISE(PP) Peak-to-peak, T A = 5 C, mv/a programmed Sensitivity, C F = 7 nf, C OUT = open, khz bandwidth 7 mv Zero Current Output Slope V OUT(Q) T A = C to 5 C.35 mv/ C T A = 5 C to 5 C. mv/ C Sensitivity Slope Sens T A = C to 5 C.7 mv/a/ C T A = 5 C to 5 C. mv/a/ C Electrical Output Voltage V OE I P = A mv I Total Output Error P = ±3 A E, T A = 5 C ±.5 % TOT I P = ±3 A, T A = C to 5 C 5 5 % Device may be operated at higher primary current levels, I P, and ambient temperatures, T A, provided that the Maximum Junction Temperature, T J (max), is not exceeded. Percentage of I P, with I P = 3 A. Output filtered. 5 Northeast Cutoff, Box 53 Worcester, Massachusetts 5-3 (5) 53-5 7
x5a PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS over Range L: T A = C to 5 C, C F = nf, and, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units Optimized Accuracy Range I P 5 5 A Sensitivity Sens Over full range of I P, T A = 5 C mv/a Over full range of I P, T A = C to 5 C 37.5.5 mv/a Noise V NOISE(PP) Peak-to-peak, T A = 5 C, mv/a programmed Sensitivity, C F = 7 nf, C OUT = open, khz bandwidth.5 mv Zero Current Output Slope V OUT(Q) T A = C to 5 C.35 mv/ C T A = 5 C to 5 C. mv/ C Sensitivity Slope Sens T A = C to 5 C.7 mv/a/ C T A = 5 C to 5 C. mv/a/ C Electrical Output Voltage V OE I P = A, T A = 5 C mv I Total Output Error P = ± A E, T A = 5 C ±.5 % TOT I P = ± A, T A = C to 5 C ± % Device may be operated at higher primary current levels, I P, and ambient temperatures, T A, provided that the Maximum Junction Temperature, T J (max), is not exceeded. Percentage of I P, with I P = A. Output filtered. 5 Northeast Cutoff, Box 53 Worcester, Massachusetts 5-3 (5) 53-5
Mean I CC (ma) I OM (ma) Mean Supply Current versus Ambient Temperature.3.5..5..5. 9.95 9.9 9.5 9. 9.75-5 -5 5 5 75 5 5.5..5..5 ; I P = A, After excursion to A 3. 3.5..5 5. -5-5 5 5 75 5 5 Mean Total Output Error versus Ambient Temperature E TOT (%) V IOUT (V) Magnetic Offset versus Ambient Temperature 5 5 5 5 75 5 5 5 Output Voltage versus Sensed Current. 3.5 3..5..5. 5 5 5.5 7 5 3 3 5 7 I P (A) Characteristic Performance I P = 5 A, unless otherwise specified Sens (mv/a) Sens (mv/a) I CC (ma) E LIN (%) Supply Current versus Supply Voltage.9..7..5..3....5..7..9 5. 5. 5. 5.3 5. 5.5 V CC (V) Nonlinearity versus Ambient Temperature..5..3.. 5 5 5 5 75 5 5.5. 5.5 5..5. 3.5 3..5..5. 5 5 5 5 75 5 5 Sensitivity versus Sensed Current. 9.. 7.. 5.. 5 5 3. 5... - - - Ip (A). Sensitivity versus Ambient Temperature A Output Voltage versus Ambient Temperature A Output Voltage Current versus Ambient Temperature 55.5 V IOUT(Q) (mv) 5 55 5 I P = A I OUT(Q) (A)..5 I P = A 95.5 9. 5-5 -5 5 5 75 5 5.5-5 -5 5 5 75 5 5 5 Northeast Cutoff, Box 53 Worcester, Massachusetts 5-3 (5) 53-5 9
Characteristic Performance I P = A, unless otherwise specified Mean Supply Current versus Ambient Temperature 9.7 9... Supply Current versus Supply Voltage Mean I CC (ma) 9.5 9. 9.3 I CC (ma). 9. 9. 9. 9. 9. I OM (ma) E TOT (%) V IOUT (V) V IOUT(Q) (mv) 9. -5-5 5 5 75 5 5 Magnetic Offset versus Ambient Temperature.5..5..5 3. ; I P = A, After excursion to A 3.5..5 5. -5-5 5 5 75 5 5 Mean Total Output Error versus Ambient Temperature 5 5 5 5 75 5 5 5..5. 3.5 Output Voltage versus Sensed Current 3..5..5 5..5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 I P (A) A Output Voltage versus Ambient Temperature 55 5 55 5 I P = A 55 5 95 9 5-5 -5 5 5 75 5 5 E LIN (%) Sens (mv/a) Sens (mv/a) 9..5..7..9 5. 5. 5. 5.3 5. 5.5 V CC (V) Nonlinearity versus Ambient Temperature.35.3.5..5..5 5 5 5 5 75 5 5 Sensitivity versus Ambient Temperature..... 99. 99. 99. 99. 99. 5 5 5 5 75 5 5 Sensitivity versus Sensed Current..... 5 5 5. 9. 9. 9. 9. 9. 5 5 5 5 5 5 Ip (A) A Output Voltage Current versus Ambient Temperature I OUT(Q) (A).5..5. I P = A.5.5..5-5 -5 5 5 75 5 5 5 Northeast Cutoff, Box 53 Worcester, Massachusetts 5-3 (5) 53-5
Characteristic Performance I P = 3 A, unless otherwise specified Mean Supply Current versus Ambient Temperature 9.. Supply Current versus Supply Voltage 9.5. Mean I CC (ma) 9. 9.3 9. 9. I CC (ma) 9. 9. 9. 9. 9. I OM (ma).9-5 -5 5 5 75 5 5 Mean Total Output Error versus Ambient Temperature V IOUT(Q) (mv) E TOT (%) V IOUT (V) Magnetic Offset versus Ambient Temperature.5..5..5 3. ; I P = A, After excursion to A 3.5..5 5. -5-5 5 5 75 5 5 5 5 5 5 75 5 5 5..5. 3.5 Output Voltage versus Sensed Current 3..5..5 5..5 5 5 3 3 I P (A) 535 53 55 5 55 I P = A 5 55 5 95 9 5-5 -5 5 5 75 5 5 Sens (mv/a) Sens (mv/a) I OUT(Q) (A) E LIN (%) 9..5..7..9 5. 5. 5. 5.3 5. 5.5 V CC (V) Nonlinearity versus Ambient Temperature.5..35.3.5..5..5 5 5 5 5 75 5 5 Sensitivity versus Ambient Temperature..5..3... 5.9 5. 5.7 5 5 5 5 75 5 5 Sensitivity versus Sensed Current 7. 9.. 7.. 5.. 3... 5 5 5. 3 3 Ip (A) A Output Voltage versus Ambient Temperature A Output Voltage Current versus Ambient Temperature.35.3.5..5 I P = A..5.5..5-5 -5 5 5 75 5 5 5 Northeast Cutoff, Box 53 Worcester, Massachusetts 5-3 (5) 53-5
Mean I CC (ma) I OM (ma) Mean Supply Current versus Ambient Temperature 9. 9.7 9. 9.5 9. 9.3 9. 9. 9..9-5 -5 5 5 75 5 5 Mean Total Output Error versus Ambient Temperature V IOUT(Q) (mv) E TOT (%) V IOUT (V) Magnetic Offset versus Ambient Temperature.5..5..5 3. ; I P = A, After excursion to A 3.5..5 5. -5-5 5 5 75 5 5 5 5 5 5 75 5 5 Output Voltage versus Sensed Current Characteristic Performance I P = 5 A, unless otherwise specified Sensitivity versus Sensed Current 5. 5..5.. 3. 3.5 3... 5 5.5.. 39..5..5 5 5 3. 37. 3. 35. - -3 - - 3 - -3 - - 3 I P (A) Ip (A) 5 53 5 57 5 5 I P = A 5 55 5 99 9 93 9 7-5 -5 5 5 75 5 5 Sens (mv/a) Sens (mv/a) I OUT(Q) (A) I CC (ma) E LIN (%).. 9. 9. 9. 9. Supply Current versus Supply Voltage 9..5..7..9 5. 5. 5. 5.3 5. 5.5 V CC (V) Nonlinearity versus Ambient Temperature.5.5..35.3.5..5..5 5 5 5 5 75 5 5 39. 39.5 39. 3.95 3.9 3.5 Sensitivity versus Ambient Temperature 3. 5 5 5 5 75 5 5 A Output Voltage versus Ambient Temperature A Output Voltage Current versus Ambient Temperature.7..5..3 I P = A.....3-5 -5 5 5 75 5 5 5 Northeast Cutoff, Box 53 Worcester, Massachusetts 5-3 (5) 53-5
Definitions of Accuracy Characteristics Sensitivity (Sens). The change in device output in response to a A change through the primary conductor. The sensitivity is the product of the magnetic circuit sensitivity (G/ A) and the linear IC amplifier gain (mv/g). The linear IC amplifier gain is programmed at the factory to optimize the sensitivity (mv/a) for the full-scale current of the device. Noise (V NOISE ). The product of the linear IC amplifier gain (mv/g) and the noise floor for the Allegro Hall effect linear IC ( G). The noise floor is derived from the thermal and shot noise observed in Hall elements. Dividing the noise (mv) by the sensitivity (mv/a) provides the smallest current that the device is able to resolve. Linearity (E LIN ). The degree to which the voltage output from the IC varies in direct proportion to the primary current through its full-scale amplitude. Nonlinearity in the output can be attributed to the saturation of the flux concentrator approaching the full-scale current. The following equation is used to derive the linearity: gain % sat ( V { [ IOUT_full-scale amperes V IOUT(Q) ) (V IOUT_half-scale amperes V IOUT(Q) ) where V IOUT_full-scale amperes = the output voltage (V) when the sampled current approximates full-scale ±I P. Symmetry (E SYM ). The degree to which the absolute voltage output from the IC varies in proportion to either a positive or negative full-scale primary current. The following formula is used to derive symmetry: V IOUT_+ full-scale amperes V IOUT(Q) V IOUT(Q) V IOUT_ full-scale amperes Quiescent output voltage (V IOUT(Q) ). The output of the device when the primary current is zero. For a unipolar supply voltage, it nominally remains at V CC. Thus, translates into V IOUT(Q) =.5 V. Variation in V IOUT(Q) can be attributed to the resolution of the Allegro linear IC quiescent voltage trim and thermal drift. Electrical offset voltage (V OE ). The deviation of the device output from its ideal quiescent value of V CC / due to nonmagnetic causes. To convert this voltage to amperes, divide by the device sensitivity, Sens. Accuracy (E TOT ). The accuracy represents the maximum deviation of the actual output from its ideal value. This is also known as the total output error. The accuracy is illustrated graphically in the output voltage versus current chart at right. { [ Accuracy is divided into four areas: A at 5 C. Accuracy at the zero current flow at 5 C, without the effects of temperature. A over Δ temperature. Accuracy at the zero current flow including temperature effects. Full-scale current at 5 C. Accuracy at the the full-scale current at 5 C, without the effects of temperature. Full-scale current over Δ temperature. Accuracy at the fullscale current flow including temperature effects. Ratiometry. The ratiometric feature means that its A output, V IOUT(Q), (nominally equal to V CC /) and sensitivity, Sens, are proportional to its supply voltage, V CC. The following formula is used to derive the ratiometric change in A output voltage, ΔV IOUT(Q)RAT (%). V IOUT(Q)VCC / V IOUT(Q)5V V CC / 5 V The ratiometric change in sensitivity, ΔSens RAT (%), is defined as: I P (A) Sens VCC / Sens 5V V CC / 5 V Output Voltage versus Sampled Current Accuracy at A and at Full-Scale Current I P(min) Accuracy Ove r Temperature Accuracy 5 C Only Accuracy 5 C Only Accuracy Ove r Temperature Increasing V IOUT (V) A Average V IOUT Accuracy 5 C Only Full Scale I P(max) Accuracy Ove r Temperature +I P (A) Decreasing V IOUT (V) 5 Northeast Cutoff, Box 53 Worcester, Massachusetts 5-3 (5) 53-5 3
Definitions of Dynamic Response Characteristics Power-On Time (t PO ). When the supply is ramped to its operating voltage, the device requires a finite time to power its internal components before responding to an input magnetic field. Power-On Time, t PO, is defined as the time it takes for the output voltage to settle within ±% of its steady state value under an applied magnetic field, after the power supply has reached its minimum specified operating voltage, V CC (min), as shown in the chart at right. Rise time (t r ). The time interval between a) when the device reaches % of its full scale value, and b) when it reaches 9% of its full scale value. The rise time to a step response is used to derive the bandwidth of the device, in which ƒ( 3 db) =.35 / t r. Both t r and t RESPONSE are detrimentally affected by eddy current losses observed in the conductive IC ground plane. I (%) 9 Primary Current Transducer Output Rise Time, t r t t PO (µs) Power on Time versus External Filter Capacitance I P = 5 A I P = A 3 5 C F (nf) Noise vs. Filter Cap Noise versus External Filter Capacitance Step Response T A =5 C Output (mv) 5 A Excitation Signal Noise (p-p) (ma) t r (µs).. C F (nf) Rise Time versus External Filter Capacitance in chart at right }Expanded. C F (nf) C F (nf) t r (µs) Open 3.5 5..7 7.5 73.5 7. 9.3 3 7 t r (µs) Rise Time versus External Filter Capacitance. C F (nf) 5 Northeast Cutoff, Box 53 Worcester, Massachusetts 5-3 (5) 53-5
Chopper Stabilization Technique Chopper Stabilization is an innovative circuit technique that is used to minimize the offset voltage of a Hall element and an associated on-chip amplifier. Allegro has a Chopper Stabilization technique that nearly eliminates Hall IC output drift induced by temperature or package stress effects. This offset reduction technique is based on a signal modulation-demodulation process. Modulation is used to separate the undesired DC offset signal from the magnetically induced signal in the frequency domain. Then, using a low-pass filter, the modulated DC offset is suppressed while the magnetically induced signal passes through the filter. As a result of this chopper stabilization approach, the output voltage from the Hall IC is desensitized to the effects of temperature and mechanical stress. This technique produces devices that have an extremely stable Electrical Offset Voltage, are immune to thermal stress, and have precise recoverability after temperature cycling. This technique is made possible through the use of a BiCMOS process that allows the use of low-offset and low-noise amplifiers in combination with high-density logic integration and sample and hold circuits. Hall Element Regulator Clock/Logic Amp Sample and Hold Concept of Chopper Stabilization Technique Low-Pass Filter Typical Applications I P I P C BYP. µf +5 V VCC 7 VIOUT ACS7 3 FILTER 5 GND +5 V VCC 7 VIOUT ACS7 3 FILTER 5 GND R F kω C OUT. µf V OUT R MΩ C F nf Application. Peak Detecting Circuit C BYP. µf R F kω V OUT R 33 kω R kω C F nf + R3 33 kω D NW C C. µf R kω U LT7 D N9 C. µf A-to-D Converter V PEAK V RESET Q N7 I P I P C BYP. µf ACS7 3 FILTER 5 GND C BYP. µf +5 V +5 V VCC 7 VIOUT ACS7 3 FILTER 5 GND R kω R + kω LM3 5 VCC 7 3 VIOUT R F kω C F. µf R 33 kω R kω V OUT C F nf 3 + R3 3.3 kω Application 3. This configuration increases gain to mv/a (tested using the ACS7ELC-5A). 5 U LMV735 D N9 V OUT C pf R PU kω Fault Application. Rectified Output. 3.3 V scaling and rectification application for A-to-D converters. Replaces current transformer solutions with simpler ACS circuit. C is a function of the load resistance and filtering desired. R can be omitted if the full range is desired. Application 5. A Overcurrent Fault Latch. Fault threshold set by R and R. This circuit latches an overcurrent fault and holds it until the 5 V rail is powered down. 5 Northeast Cutoff, Box 53 Worcester, Massachusetts 5-3 (5) 53-5 5
Improving Sensing System Accuracy Using the FILTER Pin In low-frequency sensing applications, it is often advantageous to add a simple RC filter to the output of the device. Such a lowpass filter improves the signal-to-noise ratio, and therefore the resolution, of the device output signal. However, the addition of an RC filter to the output of a sensor IC can result in undesirable device output attenuation even for DC signals. Signal attenuation, V ATT, is a result of the resistive divider effect between the resistance of the external filter, R F (see Application ), and the input impedance and resistance of the customer interface circuit, R INTFC. The transfer function of this resistive divider is given by: R INTFC V ATT = V IOUT. R F + R INTFC Even if R F and R INTFC are designed to match, the two individual resistance values will most likely drift by different amounts over temperature. Therefore, signal attenuation will vary as a function of temperature. Note that, in many cases, the input impedance, R INTFC, of a typical analog-to-digital converter (ADC) can be as low as kω. The ACS7 contains an internal resistor, a FILTER pin connection to the printed circuit board, and an internal buffer amplifier. With this circuit architecture, users can implement a simple RC filter via the addition of a capacitor, C F (see Application 7) from the FILTER pin to ground. The buffer amplifier inside of the ACS7 (located after the internal resistor and FILTER pin connection) eliminates the attenuation caused by the resistive divider effect described in the equation for V ATT. Therefore, the ACS7 device is ideal for use in high-accuracy applications that cannot afford the signal attenuation associated with the use of an external RC low-pass filter. +5 V Pin 3 Pin VCC Pin Application. When a low pass filter is constructed externally to a standard Hall effect device, a resistive divider may exist between the filter resistor, R F, and the resistance of the customer interface circuit, R INTFC. This resistive divider will cause excessive attenuation, as given by the transfer function for V ATT.. µf Dynamic Offset Cancellation Voltage Regulator Amp To all subcircuits Filter Allegro ACS7 Out VIOUT Pin 7 N.C. Pin R F Resistive Divider Input Application Interface Circuit Low Pass Filter Gain Temperature Coefficient Offset C F nf R INTFC Trim Control Pin Pin GND Pin 5 +5 V VCC Pin Application 7. Using the FILTER pin provided on the ACS7 eliminates the attenuation effects of the resistor divider between R F and R INTFC, shown in Application. Pin Pin Pin 3 Pin Hall Current Drive Dynamic Offset Cancellation Sense Temperature Coefficient Trim Sense Trim Signal Recovery Ampere Offset Adjust Buffer Amplifier and Resistor Allegro ACS7 VIOUT Pin 7 Input Application Interface Circuit R INTFC GND Pin 5 FILTER Pin C F nf 5 Northeast Cutoff, Box 53 Worcester, Massachusetts 5-3 (5) 53-5
Package LC, -pin SOIC.9 ±..5.7.5.75.7 A 3.9 ±.. ±.. REF 5..7. X. C Branded Face SEATING PLANE.75 MAX.5.3.5..7 BSC C.5 BSC SEATING PLANE GAUGE PLANE C PCB Layout Reference View NNNNNNN TPP-AAA LLLLL B Standard Branding Reference View For Reference Only; not for tooling use (reference MS-AA) Dimensions in millimeters Dimensions exclusive of mold flash, gate burrs, and dambar protrusions Exact case and lead configuration at supplier discretion within limits shown A Terminal # mark area B Branding scale and appearance at supplier discretion C Reference land pattern layout (reference IPC735 D SOIC7PX75-M); all pads a minimum of. mm from all adjacent pads; adjust as necessary to meet application process requirements and PCB layout tolerances N = Device part number T = Device temperature range P = Package Designator A = Amperage L = Lot number Belly Brand = Country of Origin 5 Northeast Cutoff, Box 53 Worcester, Massachusetts 5-3 (5) 53-5 7
Revision History Revision Revision Date Description of Revision 9 November, Update product selection, rise time, isolation, patents June 5, 7 Updated product status Copyright -7, The products described herein are protected by U.S. patents: 5,,39; 7,59,; and 7,79,75. reserves the right to make, from time to time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be required to permit improvements in the performance, reliability, or manufacturability of its products. Before placing an order, the user is cautioned to verify that the information being relied upon is current. Allegro s products are not to be used in life support devices or systems, if a failure of an Allegro product can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life support device or system, or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. The information included herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, assumes no responsibility for its use; nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. For the latest version of this document, visit our website: 5 Northeast Cutoff, Box 53 Worcester, Massachusetts 5-3 (5) 53-5