ABE 591Y Instrumentation and Data Acquisition Autumn 2005 Warning: Contents may change. Check at least weekly! Instructor: Keith Cherkauer, ABE Rm 312, Phone: 49-67982 Office hours: Mon and Wed 1:00 pm to 2:00 pm. Lecture times: Mon and Wed 9:30 am to 10:20 am in ABE 106A, Laboratory times: Section 1: Fri 9:30 am to 11:20 am, and Section 2: Fri 11:30 am to1:20 pm Texts: 1. PDF of book available (by Monday 8/22) for purchase via the web site http://ebooks.primisonline.com/ebookstore/index.jsp. This book includes the first three chapters of Doebelin (see reference 1) and two chapters on introductory circuitry and op amps from Rizzoni. 2. Class notes. Posted to WebCT (http://www.itap.purdue.edu/tlt/ecourses/). References: The following texts are suggested reference material for additional understanding of concepts discussed in class. This is especially true of specific classes of transducers and their signal conditioning requirements. 1. Doebelin, E., Systems, 5th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 2004. 2. Pallas-Areny, R. and J. G. Webster, Sensors and Conditioning, 2 nd ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York, 2001. 3. Webster, J. G. (editor), The, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook, CRC Press and IEEE Press, 1999. 4. Fraden, J., Handbook of Modern Sensors: Physics, Designs and Applications, 3 rd. ed., AIP Press and Springer, New York, 2004. 5. Cox, S. W., and Control in Agriculture. 6. Henry, Zoerb, and Birth, editors, Instrumentation and for Environmental Sciences, ASAE, Saint Joseph, MI, 1991. 7. Lancaster, D., Active Filter Cookbook, 2 nd ed., Newnes, New York, 2003. 8. Various instruments catalogs Course Description This course educates students in the use, selection, and design of instrumentation and data acquisition systems for agricultural, food, environmental and biological systems. of position (GPS), force, pressure, power, torque, flow, temperature and environmental sensors will be emphasized. Labs will focus on building and using measurement systems, and programming PC computers for data acquisition and analysis. 1
Objectives: Successful completion of the course will enable the students to: 1. Understand the principles of operation and limitations of common measuring instruments. 2. Model instruments and their operating conditions to use the instruments correctly. 3. Design and use signal conditioning devices. 4. Program computers to automate the acquisition and processing of data. 5. Design systems for the acquisition, analysis, and communication of data 6. Gain awareness of economical and societal aspects of instrumentation systems and communication of data. Grades: Quizzes and Final Exam 1. Quiz 1 100 pts 2. Quiz 2 100 pts 3. Final Exam 150 pts Homeworks 1. Lab Reports (12 @ 25 pts each) 300 pts 2. Field Trip/Literature Review 50 pts 1. Description 50 pts 2. Interim Report 50 pts 3. Final Presentation 100 pts 4. Final Report 100 pts Total Points: 1000 pts The following point total thresholds can be lowered at the instructor s discretion: A 900, B 800; C 700; D 600 Policies: Students may help each other with homework. However, copying anybody else's work is a violation of the honor code. It is recommended that homework solutions and lab reports be typed, but if written they must be on engineering computation pad paper. Solutions should include all work for partial credit and final solutions should be clearly indicated. Familiarity with correct solutions will be assumed in subsequent labs, quizzes, etc. Solutions will be posted to the class web site. Room 106A may be used for lab work whenever there is no class in session. Every effort is made to grade fairly and consistently across the class. Therefore, all adjustments to graded documents must be completed within two weeks of the documents return. 2
Schedule: Date Topic Assignments, Goals, Comments Due Dates 8/22 8/24 8/26 8/29 8/31 9/2 Topic 0: Introduction, Systems Week 1 Goal: To introduce the course expectations and syllabus. To introduce the concept and components of a measurement system, as well as why it is important to understand such systems to obtain the best possible measurements. Reading: Doebelin, Chapters 1 and 2. Topic 0: Goal: To introduce students to the LabView software. Read: Doebelin, Chapters 1 and 2 Systems and Introduction to LabView Lab 1: LabView Tutorial Topic 1: Static characteristics Topic 1: Static characteristics Lab 2: Sensor Calibration Goal: Provide structured introduction to LabView software package and an introduction to data acquisition. Week 2 Goal: To introduce the concepts of precision, bias, calibration, linearity and other ideas best discussed when monitoring a static system. Read: Doebelin Chapter 3, pp. 40-103 Goal: To provide hands on experience for calibration of sensors. Week 3 9/5 Labor Day: No Class 9/7 9/9 9/12 9/14 9/16 Topic 2: Basic circuits Goal: Introduce students to basic concepts of electrical circuits (DC and AC) and their components (resistance, capacitance, impedance, etc.). Read: Rizzoni Chapters 2 Lab 3: Basic Goal: To have students understand how to build basic circuits circuits and the and how to use a Wheatstone Bridge. Wheatstone bridge Week 4 Topic 3: Dynamic Characteristics Topic 3: Dynamic Characteristics Lab 4: Time Constant Goal: Introduce the concepts of sensor responsiveness; zeroth, first, and seond order sensors; decibel plots. Read: Doebelin Chapter 3, pp. 103-222. Goal: Determine the time constant of various temperature sensors when exposed to changing conditions. Completed tutorial programs Due 9/2 9/9 9/16 9/23 9/19 Review 9/21 Quiz 1 Week 5 Descriptions Due. 3
9/23 9/26 9/28 9/30 10/3 10/5 10/7 Lab 5: Field Observations of Soil Moisture and Temperature Topic 4: Data Acquisition Topic 5: DAQ Transmission Topic 6: DAQ Conditioning. Lab 6: Analog Filters Topic 7: DAQ Sampling Topic 8: DAQ Acquisition Lab 7: Op Amps Goal: To learn how to collect geolocated data from field sites, to learn how to usr a TDR and temperature probe to collect soil conditions. Week 6 Goal: To understand the basics of signal transmission, signal noise, and grounding for safety and signal transmission Goal: To learn the basics of signal conditioning including passive and active, low- and high-pass filter circuits. Read: Rizzoni Chapters 8 Goal: Build simple passive-filter and test with oscilloscope. Test more complex pre-built circuits Week 7 Goal: To understand how analog signals are sampled and converted to digital signals, including problems associated with under sampling and basic AD conversion circuits. Goal: to understand how digital information is stored and accessed via stand-alone and computer based DAQ systems. Goal: Investigate amplification and mathematical properties of op amp circuits Week 8 10/10 October Break: No Class 10/12 10/14 Displacement, Velocity and Strain Lab 8: LVDT Beam Displacement Displacement, Velocity and 10/17 Strain 10/19 Pressure Lab 9: Strain 10/21 Conditioner 10/24 Pressure 10/26 Force, Torque, and Power Goal: introduce basic concepts and transducers for measuring displacement, velocity and strain. Goal: Learn to use an LVDT to measure deflection of a beam, including how to interpret waveform data. Goal: Finish Topic Week 9 Goal: Introduce the basic concepts and transducers used for measuring pressure. Goal: Learn to use strain gauges to measure deflection of a beam, including how to use a Wheatstone bridge to measure changes in resistance. Week 10 Goal: Introduce basic concepts and transducer types used for measuring force, torque and power. 9/30 10/7 10/14 10/21 10/28 4
10/28 Lab 10: Pressure Drop across various fittings 10/31 Review Goal: Learn to use pressure transducers and identify pressure loss across different objects. Week 11 11/2 Quiz 2 Field Trip: Goal: To expose the class to sensors at work in an operational Tour of Grain laboratory/processing facility and for long-term environmental Drying Plant monitoring. and Tentative schedule: TBA, trip will require a minimum of 2 11/4 Meteorological hours Station at the Agronomy Farm Week 12 11/7 11/9 11/11 Flow Measurment Temperature Lab 11: Temperature control Goal: Introduce the basic concepts and transducers used to measure flow. Goal: Introduce the standard transducer types for measuring temperature and their advantages and disadvantages. Goal: Develop a control algorithm that will turn lab bench heater on and off to maintain a constant temperature. 11/4 Interim Reports Due No assignment for field trip participants, for all others Literature Report Due 11/11 11/18 11/14 Temperature 11/16 11/18 Radio Telemetry and Wireless Transmission Lab 12: Identification of sensors and wiring on the lab benches Week 13 Goal: introduce the concepts of global positioning system, and wireless sensor networks. Read: Peter Dana's GPS webpage http://www.colorado.edu/geography/gcraft/notes/gps/gps_f.html Goal: Demonstrate an ability to identify existing sensors and their capabilities and to trace and sketch wiring required to run systems and operate sensor system. Week 14 Radio Goal: Finish Topic Telemetry and 11/21 Wireless Transmission 11/23 Thanksgiving Break: No Class Thanksgiving Break: No Class 11/25 11/28 Environmental Sensors Week 15 Goal: Introduce concepts associated with environmental data collection, including measurement of meteorological variables, self-contained data logging systems, and sensor placement 12/2 5
11/30 Environmental Sensors 12/2 12/5 12/7 12/9 Field Trip: Possible field trip to view sensors and DAQ systems Presentations Presentations Presentations Goal: To provide additional exposure to measurement systems. Perhaps INOK, precision agriculture or biosensor labs. Schedule: TBA Week 16 Final Week 12/? Final Exam, Time TBA No Assignment Final Reports Due by 9:30 am 6