Design Manual CADD 2010 M E T R O P O L I T A N W A S H I N G T O N A I R P O R T S A U T H O R I T Y
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PREFACE THE DESIGN MANUAL As part of the ongoing design and construction programs at Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport and Washington Dulles International Airport, the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority (the Authority), Office of Engineering, has developed and adopted a series of documents that describe the codes, standards, details, products, and practices to be followed by Architect/Engineers (A/Es). These documents apply to all design of construction at all facilities on property owned by the Authority. Facilities constructed or modified on the site occupied by the National Air and Space Museum located at Washington Dulles International Airport are exempt from the requirements of the Authority Design Manual. The Design Manual has been developed to assist Architects/Engineers (A/Es) in understanding the practices and policies that must be incorporated into each project. The Design Manual contains a number of specific requirements that must be followed on all projects, as described above. These can be either Authority contracted projects, Authority direct-constructed projects, and tenant contracted projects. APPLICABILITY OF THE DESIGN MANUAL The requirements for design and construction incorporated into the Design Manual and Supporting Volumes are regulations approved by the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority Board of Directors and shall be considered contract requirements for all A/Es who are performing services under contract to the Authority. Although A/Es who are under contract to tenants of the Authority may not be working under contract provisions that make compliance with these requirements mandatory, the Authority reserves the right, as Owner of all airport facilities, and land on which tenant buildings are constructed, to reject any design or work that does not comply with the requirements of the Design Manual and its supporting volumes. It is, therefore, required that all A/Es performing work that will be constructed on airport property shall perform services consistent with the Authority policies, standards, procedures, and construction requirements contained in the Design Manual and its supporting volumes. The Design Manual shall be considered equivalent to the building codes. The Design Manual in effect at the 30% Submittal will remain the Design Manual of record up to the 100% Final Submittal. ORGANIZATION OF THE DESIGN MANUAL The Design Manual is made up of seven volumes. Basic policies, procedures and standards for both Airports: Design Manual Requirements for Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport: DCA Vol. 1 - Airport Standards and Signing Guidelines DCA Vol. 2 - Tenant Design Standards Requirements for Washington Dulles International Airport: IAD Vol. 1 - Airport Design Standards and Signing Guidelines IAD Vol. 2 - Main Terminal/Concourse Z Tenant Design Standards IAD Vol. 3 - Concourse B Tenant Design Standards CADD - Page 3 Preface
Requirements for All Projects: CADD - CADD Design Standards [THIS DOCUMENT] The seven volumes are intended to supplement each other and must be used together, as appropriate for each airport, to achieve the desired goals of the Authority. An electronic version of the Design Manual and Supporting Volumes is available on CD-ROM, which may be obtained by contacting the Authority Office of Engineering. It is also available on the Authority website at www.mwaa.com under Publications. OTHER DOCUMENTS In addition to the Design Manual, the Authority also requires compliance for design and construction with additional policies, procedures, and standards that are published by other departments. These documents include: Construction Safety Manual Owner Controlled Wrap-Up Insurance Program Manual Building Codes Manual Contractors Safety and Security Information (Washington Dulles International Airport) Safety Policy, Procedures, and Practices by the Risk Management Department MASTERSPEC Specifications Sections specifically edited for Authority projects (primarily Division 01, but including specific technical specification sections) Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport and Washington Dulles International Airport Survey Control Data To-Reach Descriptions (two separate volumes) Note that the To-Reach documents for Washington Dulles International Airport are no longer provided on the CD-ROM version of the Design Manual. These documents are available through the Authority. The CD-ROM contains information directing the A/Es to the proper group within the Authority to obtain this document. CADD - Page 4 Preface
ACCEPTABLE STANDARDS The standards established by the above referenced documents, together with Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA), Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code (USBC), Construction Specifications Institute (CSI), and other referenced materials establish the minimum level of quality and detail required of all Authority projects. These standards in many instances may exceed those used in non-authority design and construction projects and are often above those established as Code Minimums, Standards of the Industry, or generally accepted practices. DESIGN MANUAL REVISIONS This edition of the Design Manual incorporates the modifications and additions that were developed during the Authority annual review of the previous year s Design Manual. This review includes an analysis of the existing standards and an evaluation of the suggested revisions. If you feel that a standard or procedure stipulated in this edition of the Design Manual should be revised, we would like to know. To facilitate this, we have included a Design Manual review form that will place your idea in the appropriate hands. All suggestions received will be reviewed and researched and a written response will be provided. CADD - Page 5 Preface
DESIGN MANUAL REVISION FORM SUGGESTED REVISION TO THE DESIGN MANUAL Date: Log Number: 11 To: Ms. Diane R. Hirsch, PE Manager of Design Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport Washington, DC 20001 From: Design Manual Volume & Section: Design Manual Paragraph: Design Manual Page: Background: [Insert background for suggested change(s) here.] 2010 Design Manual Text: [Copy and paste here the text from the 2010 Design Manual for which a revision will be suggested.] Proposed 2011 Design Manual Text: [Use RED text, normal font not bold, to indicate added language. Use strikeout to indicate deleted language. Do not use track changes.] CADD - Page 6 Preface
TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE... 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS... 7 INTRODUCTION... 11 SECTION I: CADD Standards... 13 CHAPTER 1 Introduction... 13 1.1 CADD Software Requirements... 13 1.2 Purpose of This Manual... 13 1.3 Project Organization... 13 CHAPTER 2 General Standards... 15 2.1 Limitations of Cadd Files... 15 2.2 Interchangeable Terminology... 15 2.3 Target Systems... 16 2.4 Basic Drawing File Standards... 16 2.5 Drawing File Setup... 19 2.6 Graphic Concepts... 20 2.7 Assignments... 27 2.8 Compiling CADD features in Model Files... 29 2.9 Drawing Output... 29 2.10 Deliverables, Data Exchange and Media Format... 30 2.11 Submittal Requirements... 31 CHAPTER 3 Drawing File Information... 33 3.1 Conventions... 33 3.2 Standard Sheet Formats (Cover Sheet and Title Block Sheet)... 33 3.3 Drawing Preparation/Arrangement... 33 3.4 Quality Check (QC) CADD Checklist... 33 3.5 Addenda Sketches... 33 CADD - Page 7 Table of Contents
CHAPTER 4 Model File Assignment Tables... 49 4.1 General... 49 4.2 Conventions Model Files and Tables... 49 4.3 Assignment Tables Model Files... 52 4.4 Assignment Tables... 54 4.5 Hazardous Materials... 57 4.6 Civil... 62 4.7 Fueling Systems... 130 4.8 Landscape... 134 4.9 Structural Buildings... 139 4.10 Structural Civil... 151 4.11 Architectural... 163 4.12 Interiors... 173 4.13 Fire Protection... 182 4.14 Fire Alarm System... 189 4.15 Plumbing... 193 4.16 Mechanical... 198 4.17 Electrical... 217 4.18 Communications... 233 4.19 Baggage Handling System... 238 4.20 Security & Access Control System... 243 4.21 Public Information System... 249 4.22 Aviation Information System... 253 4.23 Electronic Monitoring System... 256 CHAPTER 5 Sheet File Assignment Tables... 259 5.1 General... 260 5.2 Hazardous Materials... 261 5.3 Survey/Mapping... 262 5.4 Geotechnical... 263 5.5 Civil... 264 CADD - Page 8 Table of Contents
5.6 Landscape... 265 5.7 Structural... 266 5.8 Structural Civil... 267 5.9 Architectural... 268 5.10 Interiors... 269 5.11 Fire Protection... 270 5.12 Fire Alarm System... 271 5.13 Plumbing... 272 5.14 Mechanical... 273 5.15 Electrical... 274 5.16 Communications... 275 5.17 Baggage Handling System... 276 5.18 Security & Access Control Systems... 277 5.19 Public Information Systems... 278 5.20 Aviation Information Systems... 279 5.21 Electronic Monitoring Systems... 280 CHAPTER 6 CADD Symbols... 281 CHAPTER 7 References and Support Files... 283 7.1 Abbreviations... 283 7.2 Basic Electronic Layout Files... 283 7.3 References... 284 CHAPTER 8 Geographic Information Systems (GIS)Standards and Submittal Requirements... 285 8.1 Applicability:... 285 8.2 Creating GIS Features from CADD Model Files:... 285 8.3 Structure and Organization of GIS Submittals:... 285 8.4 Requirements for Ensuring High Quality GIS Deliverables... 287 SECTION II: Aerial Photography... 291 CHAPTER 1 Introduction... 291 CADD - Page 9 Table of Contents
LIST OF EXHIBITS... 313 INDEX... 315 CADD - Page 10 Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION GUIDE TO THIS VOLUME OF THE DESIGN MANUAL This volume consists of design standards, design criteria, procedures, and products for Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport and Washington Dulles International Airport, and relates to the General CADD Design Standards. This volume consists of two sections: Section I CADD Design Standards Chapter 1: Chapter 2: Chapter 3: Chapter 4: Chapter 5: Chapter 6: Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Introduction General Standards Drawing File Information Model File Assignment Tables Sheet File Assignment Tables CADD Symbols References and Support Files Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Standard Section II Aerial Photography Chapter 1: Introduction CADD - Page 11 Introduction
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SECTION I: CADD Standards CHAPTER 1 Introduction This Manual is prepared for use by the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority (the Authority). The Authority has elected to provide consultants with a resource made available electronically which contains the title sheet, cover sheet, project grid and other support files to assist in creating the design files and to comply with the Authority CADD Standards. These title and cover sheets have been standardized by the Authority and must match the distributed formats in all respects (font style, font weights, line weights, etc.). The list of CADD support files provided by the Authority to the A/E is given in Paragraph 7.2. Additionally, a read me file is also included for instructions on how to properly utilize the support files. This information can be found on the Design Manual CD-ROM in a subdirectory located at (CD-ROM drive letter):/cad. You may also obtain this information by contacting the Project Contracting Officer. Appendix 3, CADD Standards, is currently undergoing substantial revision by the Authority. Designers shall consult with the Authority Design Department before undertaking any design work incorporating CADD for the Authority. 1.1.3 Autodesk AutoCAD: Version 2004 or higher acceptable for Structural and Building design. 1.2 Purpose of This Manual 1.2.1 General: The purpose of this Manual is to establish uniform standard policies and procedures for the design and drafting work within a CADD environment. The basic engineering and drafting techniques are not discussed. 1.2.2 Policies: The policies established herein are for the information and guidance of Architects/Engineers who perform design services to support the Authority and Authority tenants. Any special condition which may require a variation from these requirements is subject to prior approval by the Authority. 1.2.3 Standards: It is important to note that these standards are not static and will continue to evolve as the Authority requirements and technology change. The basic philosophy of these standards is to: 1.2.3.1 Contract Documents: Create accurate CADD generated Contract Documents. 1.2.3.2 Standardized Drawing Formats: To provide standardized drawing format to assist the owner in maintaining facilities for an extended period of time. 1.1 CADD Software Requirements 1.1.1 General: The Authority permits submittals in either of two formats. For each format, the files must be native formats, fully functional, editable, and completely useable within the respective software of creation noted below. It is not acceptable to create drawings on any other software other than noted below and files may not be translated from any other software into these formats. Formats are: 1.1.2 Bentley Microstation: Version 8 or higher preferred; mandatory for civil sitework design. 1.2.3.3 Geographic Information System (GIS) Submittals: To define requirements for standardized GIS submittals to the Authority, including required content and format, at appropriate points in during design and construction phase activities. 1.3 Project Organization 1.3.1 Project Structure: This section defines the project directory structure to be used for CADD drawings and various other file types. The primary Project Directory name should contain the following sub-directories: CADD Standards CADD - Page 13 Section I
Project Directory Resource Doc Spec Other The Project Directory contains all design files and reference files. The Resource Directory contains all necessary resource and configuration files subdivided into separate directories as required (e.g., fonts, pen tables plot files). The Documentation Directory contains the electronic version of all required CADD Documentation (e.g., word documents, spreadsheets). The Specifications Directory contains the final version of the projects technical specification. The Other Directory contains any miscellaneous files associated with the project (e.g., photos). CADD Standards CADD - Page 14 Section I
CHAPTER 2 General Standards 2.2 Interchangeable Terminology 2.1 Limitations of CADD Files 2.1.1 General: CADD files can contain text, primitive elements (lines, areas, and shapes), or grouped elements (cells, graphic groups, or complex elements). AutoCAD drawing files shall not contain the following elements: Shape symbol fonts, Rtext, OLE frame, Ray, Xline, Proxy objects. 2.2.1 General: Within the various commercially available CADD systems, many identical or related concepts are given different names. To aid users of this Manual, some instances of related or interchangeable terminology used in MicroStation and AutoCAD are listed in Table I-2-1. TABLE I-2-1 Interchangeable Terminology MicroStation AutoCAD Definition Integer d/b 64-bit floating point d/b The method for storing drawing attribute data. Disk-based Memory-based Where drawing data are stored until the active file is closed. Auxiliary Coordinate System (ACS) User Coordinate System (UCS) An XYZ coordinate system where the origin is selected by the user. Active Current File or object in use. Cell Block Single or multiple entities grouped together to create a single element. Dimension attributes Dimensions styles Controls the appearance of dimension elements..dgn.dwg A DOS-based extension for drawing files. Drop Explode Converts an element into multiple entities. Dynamic update Dragmode/rubberbanding Display of element(s) being drawn or modified as pointer/cursor moves on the screen. Element Entity A single object contained in a drawing. Fit Zoom all Displays all graphics currently in the drawing file. Global origin/design cube World Coordinate System/Origin Defines the location(s) of all entities in a design/drawing using the Cartesian coordinate system. Identify/accept Select/pick Entity or entities chosen for manipulation or modification. Image Slide A screen capture of graphics in raster format. Key entry field Command prompt Allows for keyboard input from users. Key point snap Object snap (Osnap) Controls the selection location for entities. Levels Layers Used as transparent overlays for display graphics. Line style Linetype Defines the appearance of lines. Linestring Polyline Connected line segments. Locate tolerance Pickbox Identification/selection limits for the drawing cursor. MDL/Visual BASIC ARX/AuoLISP System-specific command language. Message field Status line Displays current drawing status and/or text output from the application. Monument point Insertion point Benchmark point used to place objects in a drawing. CADD Standards CADD - Page 15 Section I
TABLE I-2-1 Interchangeable Terminology MicroStation AutoCAD Definition Move element Move Relocation of entities. Patterning Hatching To fill an area within a drawing with a symbolic texture. Precision key in Coordinate entry User-defined XYZ values. Reference file External reference A design/drawing file attached to an active drawing. Seed file Prototype drawing A drawing design template file. Tentative/Data point Pointing/pick point A point within the drawing selected using a pointing device. Update Redraw/Regenerate Refreshes screen display. Model/Sheet Model/Paperspace Type or extent of a drawing file 2.3 Target Systems 2.3.1 General: To ensure successful translations among CADD applications, certain system-specific characteristics were considered and the standard adjusted accordingly. In preparing the standard, several baseline decisions were made: 2.3.1.1 CADD Packages: The standard must be applicable to the latest release of commercially available CADD packages. AutoCAD and MicroStation were chosen based on their prevalence in the industry. 2.3.1.2 CADD Applications: The standard is based on CADD applications that utilize layer/level names and reference files. 2.3.1.3 Electronic Files: The standard required every final plotted drawing sheet to have its own separate electronic drawing file. 2.3.1.4 Three-Dimensional Files: Since threedimensional files are not compatible with two-dimensional files, it is recommended that all drawings be created as three-dimensional files. 2.4 Basic Drawing File Standards 2.4.1 Drawing/Working Units: The drawing/working units for all civil drawings shall be set in engineering units. All other disciplines shall be set in architectural units. The required pre-v8 Bentley MicroStation working units for the civil design files are 12:8000 for the Washington National Airport and 10:1000 for the Dulles International Airport. If MicroStation is used for disciplines other than Civil/Site drawings, the working unit of 12:8000 shall be used for both airports. 2.4.2 Global Origin: The global origin of the airport grid file has been set according to Exhibit I-2-1 and Exhibit I-2-2 for each airport, respectively. The user is to key in X, Y locations such that they are equivalent to the true geometric location of the data based on the airport grid. All elements except contours and spot elevations shall be placed on the Z plane of zero. Contours and spot elevations shall be placed on the Z plane representing the elevation. 2.4.3 Grid System: All civil drawings must be created using the Decimal System and the Airport Coordinate System (ACS) which show all measures in decimal feet. All architectural plans using architectural measures shall reference key points to the ACS. Such designs shall reference a minimum of three (3) plan points to the ACS. This standard grid system is outlined in Exhibit I-2-1 and Exhibit I-2-2. The grid systems are detailed within the most recent version of the Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport Survey control network To-Reach Descriptions. The description for Ronald Reagan National Airport is included on the Design Manual CD-ROM. The Description for Washington Dulles International Airport can be obtained by contacting the Manager of the Washington Dulles International Airport Engineering Division at 703-572-2885. CADD Standards CADD - Page 16 Section I
IAD Project Grid Exhibit I-2-1 CADD Standards CADD - Page 17 Section I
DCA project grid Exhibit I-2-2 CADD Standards CADD - Page 18 Section I
2.5 Drawing File Setup 2.5.1 File Accuracy (Units): CADD systems allow the designer to work in real world units. The most common units are feet and inches, feet and tenths of feet, meters, and millimeters. MicroStation s approach to file accuracy allows the user to set the working units (i.e., real world units) as the following: 2.5.1.1 Master Units (MU): Master units (MU) = the largest unit that may be referred to when working in the design file (e.g., feet, meters). 2.5.1.2 Subunits (SU): Subunits (SU) = Subdivisions of master units in the working unit definition (e.g., inches, millimeters). 2.5.1.3 International Feet versus Survey Feet (MicroStation V8) International Feet: 1 foot = 0.3048000m US Survey Feet: 1 foot = 0.3048006m A. Looking at this comparison, the difference between the two (0.0000006 m) may seem insignificant; however, ultimately this difference may cause coordinate values to be off by several feet, resulting in inaccurate design files. B. By default, a foot in MicroStation actually refers to an International Foot. However, the coordinate system upon which all MWAA design work is based is measured in US Survey Feet. MicroStation version 8 continues to utilize working units, which have been expanded to define the unit of measure (Meters, US Survey Feet, or International Feet). C. The Authority has chosen to utilize this feature in MicroStation to improve the accuracy in which all MWAA design work is created. D. While this is an important operational improvement, it has significant consequences. Therefore, care must be exercised to ensure and maintain the integrity of MicroStation DGN files with respect to the units of measure. In MicroStation v8, a workspace is accompanied by a custom units definition file (units. def), which defines the units of measure. To enable, scroll down the units.def file to the section English units (based on U.S. Survey Foot) and delete the # in front of #sf,ft, which will allow for the selection of Survey Feet from the Working Units box the next time MicroStation is started. 2.5.1.4 Cartesian Coordinates: In AutoCAD, the basic drawing unit for any file is the distance between two fixed Cartesian coordinates. For example, the distance between coordinates (1,1,1) and (1,1,2) is one drawing unit. A drawing unit can correspond to any measurement (e.g., inch, foot, meter, and mile). AutoCAD users may enter the Units display option to set the desired drawing units. 2.5.2 Origin: Positioned within every electronic drawing file is an origin ( global origin in MicroStation and origin in AutoCAD). The origin of a drawing file is important because it serves as the point of reference from which all other elements are located. Origins are typically defined (located) in a drawing file by the Cartesian coordinate system of x, y, and z. The benefit of standardizing the location of the origin of a drawing is most notable in the use of reference files. Also, in certain disciplines, particularly mapping, the location of the origin determines the available drawing area (MicroStation only). A standardized origin is also helpful when translating files between CADD applications. The global origin for IAD CADD file shall be set to 0,0,0. The global origin for DCA shall be set at 875000, 475000, and 2239.62. 2.5.3 Model Files and Sheet Files: Two distinct types of CADD files are addressed in this standard, model files and sheet files. A model file contains the physical components of a building (e.g., columns, walls, windows, ductwork, piping, etc.). Model files are drawn at full scale and typically represent plans, elevations, section, etc. A sheet file is synonymous with a plotted CADD drawing file. A sheet file is a selected view or portion of the model file(s) within a CADD Standards CADD - Page 19 Section I
border sheet. Sheet files are usually plotted at a particular scale, since the border sheet is scaled up to fit around the full scale model files. In other words, a sheet file is a readyto-plot CADD file. A sheet file is the combination of referenced model files with sheet-specific text/symbols to create a final ready-to-plot CADD file. 2.6 Graphic Concepts 2.6.1 Presentation Graphics: The first step in establishing an effective CADD standard is the development of a uniform approach to presentation graphics. Presentation graphics typically consist of drawing elements such as lines, arcs, shapes, text, and their attributes (line color, line width, and line style). This Manual presents brief overviews of the characteristics of presentation graphics and the philosophy used to standardize them. 2.6.2 s: Although monotone line work is not contractually improper, varied line widths substantially improve readability. Most commercial CADD systems provide an extensive variety of line widths. However, for the majority of drawings, the five line widths defined in Table I-2-2, with the optional 1.00 mils, 1.40 mils, and 2.00 mils lines, are considered sufficient and shall not be expanded unless an appreciable improvement in drawing clarity or contrast can be realized. The following are typical usages for the line widths shown in Table I-2-2: TABLE I-2-2 s Line Thickness mm in. MicroStation Line Weight Line Weight Example Fine 0.18 0.007 wt = 0 Thin 0.25 0.010 wt = 1 Medium 0.35 0.014 wt = 2 Wide 0.50 0.020 wt = 3 Extra Wide 0.70 0.028 wt = 5 XX Wide 1.00 0.040 wt = 7 XXX Wide 1.40 0.055 wt = 10 XXXX Wide 2.00 0.079 wt = 15 A. Fine (0.18 mils): Fine lines shall be used sparingly, mostly for poche/patterning (this line thickness typically does not reproduce well in blue-line format and/or in photocopies). B. Thin (0.25 mils): Thin lines shall be used for depicting dimension lines, dimension leader/witness lines, note leader line, line terminators (arrowheads, dots, slashes), phantom lines, hidden lines, center lines, long break lines, schedule grid lines, and object lines seen at a distance. C. Medium (0.35 mils): Medium lines shall be used for depicting minor object lines, dimension text, text for notes/callouts, and schedule text. D. Wide (0.50 mils): Wide lines shall be used for major object lines, cut lines, section cutting plane lines, and titles. E. Extra Wide (0.70 mils): Extra wide lines shall be used for minor title underlining schedule outlines, large titles, and object lines requiring special emphasis. For every large scale details drawn at 3 inches = 1 foot, 0 inches or larger, the extra wide width shall be used for the object lines. Extra wide widths are also appropriate CADD Standards CADD - Page 20 Section I
for use as an elevation grade line, building footprint, or top of grade lines on section/foundation details. F. XX Wide (1.00 mm): This line weight shall be used for major title underlining and separating portions of drawings. G. XXX Wide (1.40 mm): This line weight shall be used for border sheet outlines and cover sheet line work and as an option for the designer as required. H. XXXX Wide (2.00 mm): This line weight shall be used for border sheet outlines and cover sheet line work as an option for the designer as required. The predominant line types/style used in this standard are listed in Table 1-2-3. TABLE I-2-3 Standard Line Types Styles ID Description MicroStaton Designator AutoCAD Designator Example 0 Continuous 0 Continuous 1 Dotted 1 Dot 2 Dashed 2 Hidden 3 Dashed spaced 3 Dashed 6 Dashed double-dotted 6 Divide2 7 Chain 7 Center 2.6.3 Line Color: The primary reason to use color in CADD drawings is to improve the clarity of the drawing on a computer monitor. The variety of colors available in a CADD application depends on the capabilities of the computer monitor and its video card. Today, most systems are capable of displaying from 16 to 256 colors. Based on the limitations of monitor color display capabilities and differing CADD system plotting methods, this Manual recommends that all drawings be created using the basic colors presented in Table I-2-4 whenever possible. CADD Standards CADD - Page 21 Section I
TABLE I-2-4 Screen Color Comparison Color Color Number Ratios of RGB, % AutoCAD MicroStation Red Green Blue Blue 5 1 0 0 255 Gray 8 9 128 128 128 Green 3 2 0 255 0 Red 1 3 255 0 0 Yellow 2 4 255 255 0 Magenta 6 5 255 0 255 Cyan 4 7 0 255 255 White 7 0 255 255 255 Note: Color numbers for AutoCAD and MicroStation were taken from default color tables. Note: The recommended colors are best viewed on a monitor with a black background. 2.6.4 Screening: Varying the intensity of gray scales allows users to distinguish different aspects of a drawing when it is plotted. For example, an area on a site designated for demolition can be assigned a color that has been assigned a screening percentage. Existing features shall be shown screened back. When plotted, the area will be shown at a lighter shade compared with other elements in the drawing. This will allow the contractor to immediately identify the demolition area on the drawing. Table I-2-5 lists colors recommended to be used for screening along with a recommended screening percentage. Using Table I-2-5, MicroStation users can edit a plotter driver, using a text editor, to assign a screening percentage to the specific colors (refer to the MicroStation user s manuals for information on working with plotter/printer drivers). AutoCAD users must specify requirements for screening according to the output device used. Due to the number of output devices AutoCAD supports, users shall consult the help documentation provided within AutoCAD for information on assigning recommended screening percentages. TABLE 1-2-5 Screened Colors AutoCAD MicroStation Ratios of RGB, % Color Number Screen percent Color Number Screen percent Red Green Blue 250 60 8 60 102 102 102 251 50 200 50 128 128 128 252 40 168 40 153 153 153 253 30 120 30 179 179 179 254 20 56 20 204 204 204 CADD Standards CADD - Page 22 Section I
2.6.5 Text Styles/Fonts: Contrasting text styles (or fonts) are used within a drawing to delineate types of information. In most drawings, these five fonts should be sufficient. 1) Monotext Font: This font creates text characters that are evenly spaced. Monotext font shall be used where text fields need to be aligned such as in schedules or, in some cases, title blocks. Use Monospace 821 BT True Type font. 2) Proportional Font: This font creates text where the characters are proportionally spaced. It is appropriate for general notes, labels, or title blocks. Use Arial True Type font. 4) Filled Font: Filled fonts are used primarily for titles and on cover sheets. Use Ariblk (Arial Black) True Type font. 5) Outline Font: When a pen plotter is used for final output, the outline font is used as a substitute for filled fonts for major titles such as cover sheet information to save plotting time. Use Swissko (Swiss 721 Black Outline) True Type font. 6) NOTE: The fonts for the cover sheets and border sheets in the CADD support files provided by the Authority shall not be changed or modified. 2.6.6 Text Height: Minimum lettering height shall be ⅛" on all drawings. 3) Slanted Font: A slanted font is used where text needs to be easily distinguished from other text. Use Arial True Type font with the Slant Angle set to 15 deg to achieve the American Standard slope of 2 in 5 (68.2 deg). 2.6.6.1 Table I-2-6 is provided for general information regarding text size and its correlation to drawing scale. Text should be clear, organized and legible at half-size plot. TABLE I-2-6 Inch-pound Text Sizes and Line Type Scales Scale Text Sizes Line Type Scale Drawing Scale = 1" = 2000' - 0" 250 24000 Drawing Scale = 1" = 1000' - 0" 125 12000 Drawing Scale = 1" = 500' - 0" 62.5 6000 Drawing Scale = 1" = 400' - 0" 50 4800 Drawing Scale = 1" = 200' - 0" 25 2400 Drawing Scale = 1" = 100' - 0" 12.5 1200 Drawing Scale = 1" = 60' - 0" 7.5 720 Drawing Scale = 1" = 50' - 0" 6.25 600 Drawing Scale = 1" = 40' - 0" 5 480 Drawing Scale = 1" = 30' - 0" 3.75 360 Drawing Scale = 1" = 20' - 0" 2.5 240 Drawing Scale = 1" = 10' - 0" 1.25 120 Drawing Scale = 1" = 5' - 0" 7.5 60 Drawing Scale = 12 = 1 0 or FULL SIZE 0.125 1 Drawing Scale = 6" = 1' - 0" 0.25 2 CADD Standards CADD - Page 23 Section I
TABLE I-2-6 Inch-pound Text Sizes and Line Type Scales Scale Text Sizes Line Type Scale Drawing Scale = 3" = 1' - 0" 0.50 4 Drawing Scale = 1-1/2" = 1' - 0" 1 8 Drawing Scale = 1" = 1' - 0" 1.5 12 Drawing Scale = 3/4" = 1' - 0" 2 16 Drawing Scale = 1/2" = 1' - 0" 3 24 Drawing Scale = 3/8" = 1' - 0" 4 32 Drawing Scale = 1/4" = 1' - 0" 6 48 Drawing Scale = 3/16" = 1' - 0" 8 64 Drawing Scale = 1/8" = 1' - 0" 12 96 Drawing Scale = 3/32" = 1' - 0" 16 128 Drawing Scale = 1/16" = 1' - 0" 24 192 Drawing Scale = 1/32" = 1' - 0" 48 384 2.6.7 Drawing Orientation and North Arrow 2.6.7.1 The orientation of all plans should be positioned so that the sides of buildings or pavement edges are aligned with sheet edges, in most cases. The most common orientation is one where the north arrow points to the top or to the left of the drawing block. CADD Standards CADD - Page 24 Section I
2.6.7.2 The display of information in the drawing should be consistent in orientation throughout the drawing set. See figure below. CADD Standards CADD - Page 25 Section I
2.6.8 Text Orientation: 2.6.8.1 Line Spacing: Line spacing will be ½ of the text height. 2.6.8.2 Leader Lines: Leader lines shall be line strings with an arrow terminator. Leader lines that terminate to the left should start at the center of the first line of text. Leader lines that terminate to the right should start at the center of the last line of text. 2.6.8.3 Terminators: The approved line terminator for notes on all construction documents is the standard filled terminator in the dimension settings. The size of the filled terminators is a width of.5 and length of 1.5 x the height. CADD Standards CADD - Page 26 Section I
2.6.9 Dimension Terminators: The approved line terminator for dimensions on all construction documents is the standard filled terminator in the dimension settings. The size of the filled terminators is a width of.5 and length of 1.5 x the text height. 2.6.10 Abbreviations: Abbreviations used shall conform to the United States National CAD Standard CSI Uniform Drawing System Module 5, "Terms and Abbreviations." Unusual or uncommon abbreviations required on drawings, not specified by the National Standard, shall be clearly noted and defined on the G series of drawings. 2.7 Assignments 2.7.1 Levels/Layers: CADD levels or layers are analogous to overlays in manual drafting systems and serve to separate graphic elements (lines, shapes, and text) according to the design discipline they represent. The types of information represented by individual levels/layers can be grouped into two (2) primary types: model-specific information and sheet-specific information. Model-specific information represents the physical form of a site, a building, or objects composing a building. This information is often shared between drawings. Examples include walls, doors, light fixtures, and room numbers. Model-specific information may be either literal (e.g., walls) or symbolic (e.g., electrical outlets). Sheet-specific information may include notes, annotative symbols, and titles. This type of information is usually not shared between drawings. To use and manipulate model-specific and sheet-specific information effectively, every level/layer must be defined (standardized) by its name and its use. 2.7.2 Convention: The reuse, not duplication, of graphic information reduces drawing time and improves project coordination. The level/layer is the basic tool used in CADD for managing graphic information. Level/layer names consist of a two-character Discipline Designator (e.g., AR- for Architectural, ME- for Mechanical), followed by a four-character Major Group (e.g., DOOR for Doors, LITE for Lighting Fixtures), and followed by a four-character Minor Group (e.g., AR-WALL-FULL-EXTR for exterior full height walls versus AR-WALL-FULL-INTR for interior full height walls). 2.7.3 Model Files: Model files represent full-size drawings of building elements, systems, or information (e.g., the mechanical HVAC system, the architectural floor plan, details, and sections) and sheet files represent final plotted sheets. Model files are used as components in creating plotted sheet files. The information contained within a model file for a discipline may be referenced by other disciplines to create the particular model files or sheet files for that discipline. A model file can be considered a work in progress. For instance, a mechanical engineer may reference the architect s floor plan model file to begin development of the HVAC ductwork layout model file. Meanwhile, the architect can continue developing the floor plan to meet new requirements. Any changes to the floor plan would be immediately accessible to the mechanical engineer. The viewing of real-time updates eliminates a great deal of frustration for other disciplines because it allows for on-the-spot rather than after-the-fact modifications. 2.7.4 Assignment Tables - Model Files: The level/layer assignment tables in Section 4.1 present the following: 2.7.4.1 Names: The level/layer names assigned to each model file. 2.7.4.2 Description: A detailed description for each level/layer. 2.7.4.3 Presentation Graphics: The presentation graphics associated with each level/layer. This includes the line style, line width, and color. 2.7.4.4 Annotation Levels/Layers: Users should note that the first eight level/layers for every model file type (with the exception of detail model file types) are the same, the only difference being that the Discipline Designator changes depending on the discipline for that model file type. The unique function of these eight annotation CADD Standards CADD - Page 27 Section I
levels/layers is to contain model-specific information that might not be required by other disciplines. These levels/layers are as follows with ** representing a Discipline Designator (e.g., AR-, CV-): **ANNO-DIMS Witness/extension lines, dimension terminators and dimension text. **ANNO-KEYN Reference keynotes with associated leaders. **ANNO-NOTE General notes and remarks. **ANNO-NPLT Non-plotting graphic information. Demolition - phase 3. These levels/layers should only be used when an Existing/Demolition model file is being created. For instance, the architect or engineer will sometimes have existing as-built model files, such as Site Plans and Floor Plans from a previous project. A copy of the as-built file will be made for use in the current project. This copy is renamed to be the Existing/Demolition Plan model file for that discipline. In order to distinguish items to be demolished from existing items that will remain, those items should be moved to the Demolition levels/layers (if the demolition is not phased, all items should be moved to the **STAT-DEMO-PHS1 level/layer). When the Existing/Demolition Plan model file is referenced into a new file to create the New construction items, the Demolition levels/layers would be turned off. **ANNO-PATT Miscellaneous patterning and hatching. **ANNO-SYMB Miscellaneous symbols. **ANNO-TEXT Miscellaneous text and callouts with associated leaders. 2.7.5 Border Sheets: A model file contains information that can be referenced by other disciplines to create other model files or final sheet files. A border sheet model file contains border sheet linework, the title block, and projectspecific symbols and text. Typically, each discipline will use the same border sheet and fill in sheet-specific information within the title block or revision block prior to printing the final sheet (e.g., sheet number, designer names). **ANNO-REFR An AutoCAD user-specific layer for use in attachment of external references (i.e., reference files). 2.7.4.5 Demolition Levels/Layers: Users should note that several model files have three levels/layers reserved for demolition items. These levels/layers are as follows with ** representing a Discipline Designator (e.g., AR-, CV-): **STAT-DEMO-PHS1 Demolition - phase 1. **STAT-DEMO-PHS2 Demolition - phase 2. **STAT-DEMO-PHS3 2.7.6 Reference Files: The use of reference files is a key component in the successful use of the level/layer assignments. To create either a model file or a final sheet file, multiple referenced model files may be required. 2.7.7 Sheet Files: Sheet files are the final project sheets that are ready to be plotted. A sheet file is an assembly of referenced model files plus additional sheet-specific information (e.g., north arrows, scales, section cuts, title block information). Referenced model files are used in the construction of sheet files. The user opens the sheet file type that is appropriate to his/her discipline then references existing model files. The user then turns on/off levels/layers within each referenced model file to achieve the desired sheet file. The user then fills in the specific sheet/border information. Once the final sheet file is CADD Standards CADD - Page 28 Section I
achieved, the resulting file is saved (with all reference files attached). Note: All sheet file backfround color shall be set to "black". 2.7.8 Assignment Tables - Sheet Files: The level/layer assignment tables in Section 5.1 present the following: 2.7.8.1 Names: The level/layer names assigned to each sheet file. 2.7.8.2 Description: A detailed description for each level/layer. 2.7.8.3 Presentation Graphics: The presentation graphics associated with each level/layer. This includes the line style, line width, and color. 2.7.8.4 Users should note that the first ten level/layers of the sheet file type for every discipline are the same, with the exception that the Discipline Designator changes depending on the discipline for that sheet file type. The unique function of these ten Annotation levels/layers is to contain sheet-specific information. These levels/layers are as follows with ** representing a Discipline Designator (e.g., AR-, CV-): **ANNO-DIMS Sheet-specific witness/extension lines, dimension terminators, and dimension text. **ANNO-REDL Redlines, markups. **ANNO-REVS Revisions, amendments, addenda, and modifications. **ANNO-SYMB Sheet-specific symbols (e.g., north arrow, scales). **ANNO-TEXT Sheet-specific text and callouts with associated leaders. **ANNO-REFR An AutoCAD user-specific layer for use in attachment of external references (i.e., reference files). 2.8 Compiling CADD features in Model Files 2.8.1 CADD Manual, Section I, paragraph 8.4 provides a set of required practices A/Es and contractors must follow when compiling features in CADD model files to facilitate GIS integration and to prepare GIS submittals, as described further in Chapter 8. A/Es are required to adhere to the guidance in Section 8.4, including guidance on use of complex versus simple geometry types, topological integrity, rules for compiling line and area/polygon features, use of custom and continuous linestyles, rules for block and cell insertion points and guidelines for snapping blocks and cells to lines and line endpoints. 2.9 Drawing Output **ANNO-KEYN Sheet-specific keynotes with associated leaders. **ANNO-LEGN Legends and schedules. **ANNO-NOTE Sheet-specific general notes and remarks. **ANNO-PATT Sheet-specific patterning and hatching (e.g., key plan patterning). 2.9.1 The final plot size for drawings shall be established according to the Design Manual; refer to the Authority Design Manual, Section II, Paragraph 2.7.4. 2.9.2 All plotted drawings shall bear the file name, date and time of the plot within cutline limits. 2.9.3 A drawing log shall be kept to track the file name of all design files created. This log shall contain a detailed description of each file structure; including reference file names, model/base file names, pen tables, and any additional support files which are required to produce a CADD Standards CADD - Page 29 Section I
finished plot of the drawing. This shall be an MS Excel file which is kept in the project directory and archived with the design files when the electronic data is delivered to the Authority. 2.10 Deliverables, Data Exchange and Media Format 2.10.1 Plots of all drawings shall be provided in accordance with the Design Manual Section II, Paragraph 2.7. 2.10.2 Interim drawing submittals shall be as outlined within the Design Manual Section II, Paragraph 2.5, and the Statement of Work. 2.10.3 Delivery Media: All CADD files shall be furnished via compact disc-read only memory (CD-ROM) or DVD, and not on multiple diskettes. 2.10.4 Format: All digital files shall be delivered in a format that is directly readable and compatible with the installation s CADD software and platforms without conversion. Before a file is placed on the delivery digital media, the following procedures shall be performed: 2.10.4.1 Extraneous Graphics: Remove all extraneous graphics outside the border area, and set the active parameters to a standard setting or those in the seed/prototype file. 2.10.4.5 Support Files: Ensure that all support files are in the same directory and that references to those files do not include device or directory specifications. 2.10.4.6 Standard Sheets: Include any standard sheets (i.e., abbreviation sheets, standard symbol sheets, etc.) necessary for a complete project. 2.10.5 Documentation: Complete documentation (e.g., data input procedures), pen settings, lock settings, reference files, cells, level assignments, and history (e.g., when developed/modified) information for each file shall be included on level/layer **-ANNO-NPLT (** represents the design discipline). Documentation of the plot for each drawing is needed to duplicate the plot at a later date and shall be provided with the deliverables. 2.10.6 Consultants must label all compact disks with the following information: Project Title Consultant Name and Contract Number Airport and Project Name Submittal Date Submittal Level Sequence number (for multiple CD s) A short description of the contents Contact Phone Number and Name Tenant Name (if Applicable) 2.10.4.2 Directory Specifications: Ensure all reference (external reference) files are attached without device of directory specifications. 2.10.4.3 Compression: Compress and reduce all files using the appropriate utilities. 2.10.6.1 In addition, the following information shall accompany the media: A. Transmittal sheet B. QC CADD Sheet 2.10.4.4 Files: Include all files, both graphic and nongraphic, required for the project (e.g., color tables, pen tables, font libraries, cell/block libraries, user command files, plot files, etc.). C. MS Excel Spreadsheet listing file names and file descriptions CADD Standards CADD - Page 30 Section I
2.11 Submittal Requirements 2.11.1 General: Consultants shall submit drawings in compliance with the Authority CADD Standard with each required submittal. At 100% submittal level, all CADD drawings shall be submitted to include model files, sheet files, reference files and any other files required by Paragraph 2.9. CADD Standards CADD - Page 31 Section I
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CHAPTER 3 Drawing File Information 3.4 Quality Check (QC) CADD Checklist 3.1 Conventions 3.1.1 Model File : Model files shall be named in accordance with the naming convention outlined in the applicable chapter exhibits. 3.1.2 Sheet File : Sheet files shall be named in accordance with the naming convention outlined in chapter exhibits. In assigning a sheet number, the sheet number shall coordinate with the same name assigned to the electronic sheet file. 3.2 Standard Sheet Formats (Cover Sheet and Title Block Sheet) 3.2.1 General: The standard format of Cover Sheets and Title Block Sheets are shown in the applicable chapter exhibits. The Authority will provide files of the cover sheets and title block sheets in native electronic format for Bentley MicroStation and AutoDesk AutoCAD. 3.4.1 General: The QC CADD checklist is shown on page 45. This checklist is used as a means of validating the CADD files submitted have been quality inspected. An X in the appropriate YES or NO field, with a signature, indicates this item is in conformance with the items outlined in the Design Manual Appendix 3 CADD Standards. This QC CADD checklist shall be accompanied with each submittal and may be submitted as a hard copy or electronic file. The QC CADD Checklist is available on the CD-ROM located in the CAD directory. 3.5 Addenda Sketches 3.5.1 Sketch Format: The standard format of 8 ½" x 11" or 11" x 17" sketches are shown in chapter exhibits. The Authority will provide files of the sketch formats in native electronic format for Bentley MicroStation and AutoDesk AutoCAD. It is the obligation of each designer to ensure that all submittals match the hard-copy line work and graphics exactly as shown. Any deviation will be rejected. 3.3 Drawing Preparation/Arrangement 3.3.1 General: The title block sheets and cover sheets shall be referenced into the CADD file. They shall not be placed as a separate cell or block. The use of reference files in the file set-up is required to ensure file integrity. The use of reference files eliminates the need for duplication of data reducing the problems encountered when updating drawings. Sheet drawings shall be arranged in sequence as defined in Table I-3-1. 3.5.2 File Conventions for Addenda or Sketches: Model files and all drawing sheet files shall be named in accordance with the Name designation convention outlined in the applicable chapter exhibits. In assigning a sheet number, the sheet number shall coordinate with the same name assigned to the electronic sheet file. 3.3.2 Reference Files: In order to avoid conflicting attachments of reference files, there shall be no duplicate file names within the project directory structure or copies of the same file within the project directory structure. CADD Standards CADD - Page 33 Section I