GBAS CAT II/III concepts for flexible approach procedures

GBAS CAT II/III concepts for flexible approach procedures Thomas Feuerle, Mark Bitter, Peter Hecker (TU Braunschweig) Robert Geister (DLR) 2 nd ENRI Workshop on ATM/CNS, Tokyo

Content Motivation & preparationary work - Flexible approach procedures with GBAS - Interoperability trials GBAS research infrastructure at Research Airport Braunschweig - Ground based (GBAS ground station, aviationgate) - Airborne (experimental GBAS equipment) Flight Trials - On-board system testing - Procedure Design Conclusion and Outlook November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 2

Motivation - Flexible Approach Procedures with GBAS GBAS - Ground Based Augmentation System: - Based on GPS - Ground station transmits arrival path information and GPS correction data - Seem less transition from RNAV to approach procedures - CAT I (GAST-C) certifiable, CAT II/III (GAST-D) in the definition phase GBAS offers flexibility - Different approach path geometries are possible - Even situation dependent geometries could be used, e.g. due to traffic demand due to wake vortex criteria November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 3

Preparatory work: GBAS Interoperability Trials Scope GPS & GLONASS capable GBAS ground station (manufactured and assembled in Moscow) Proof of robustness of standards Contents Measurement Campaign in Moscow (April 2009) - with mobile equipment - discussion with operational involved personal Founded by EUROCONTROL as early contribution to SESAR (Single European Sky ATM Research program) November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 4

Preparatory work: GBAS Interoperability Trials Mobile Test Equipment with RockwellCollins Multimode-Receiver GLU925-330 (Boeing) and - 430 (Airbus) Telerad RE9009 VDB Receiver NovAtel DL-4 GPS Receiver Laptop with recording software (Condor Engineering BusTools) Flexible Connector Interface November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 5

Preparatory Work: GBAS Interoperability Trials Interoperability and robustness tests Baseline data for future multi-constellation research Time 08/04/2009 16:21:36.11 08/04/2009 16:21:36.21 MZC 109.0 109.0 No of Meas. 13 7 PRN 3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 13, 15, 19, 21, 24, 25, 27, 28 43, 44, 45, 46, 52, 54, 55 GPS GLONASS Use of extended MT1 Use of more than 18 SV s Transmission of MT5 08/04/2009 16:21:36.61 08/04/2009 16:21:36.71 08/04/2009 16:21:37.11 08/04/2009 16:21:37.21 109.5 109.5 110.0 110.0 13 7 13 7 3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 13, 15, 19, 21, 24, 25, 27, 28 43, 44, 45, 46, 52, 54, 55 3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 13, 15, 19, 21, 24, 25, 27, 28 43, 44, 45, 46, 52, 54, 55 GPS GLONASS GPS GLONASS November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 6

Preparatory Work: GBAS Interoperability Trials Ops Feedback GLONASS/GPS Note: Remote ops with high availability targeted different adaptation for high density airspace Fleet operations: Some differences unavoid-able (installed and test equipment, intervals and procedures) Pilots: Minimal differences (procedures / clearances / flight plan); ATC needs aircraft equipment knowledge ATC: Clearances depending a/c equipment and GNSS availability. Note: in Russia ATC responsible for navaids in clearance Procedure design: Differences in operational availability are factor in design Aircraft approval: Verification with single/multiple constellations November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 7

Research Infrastructure - GBAS Ground Station Thales GBAS Ground Station (owned by DLR) November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 8

Research Infrastructure - aviationgate Adaption of aviationgate infrastructure for GBAS tests in dual-constellation environment aviationgate: Galileo Test Bed around Braunschweig Research Airport covered area: 5,000 km² 9 pseudolites: 5 inner circle 4 outer circle 2 reference stations frequencies: E1, E5a, E5b user defined / variable navigation message time synchronisation November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 9

Research Infrastructure - aviationgate Adaption of all system components needed Further development of aviationgate Extension of experimental GBAS/INS on-board equipment GBAS/INS navigation & monitor algorithms Test environment for dual-constellation GBAS Research November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 10

Research Infrastructure extension of aviationgate November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 11

Research Infrastructure airborne equipment 1800 Different GLS Approaches 1600 1400 1200 Altitude [m] 1000 800 600 400 200 ideal 3.5 ideal 4.5 ideal 7.5 ideal 11 ideal 14 real approach 3.5 real approach 14 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 Distance to threshold [m] x 10 4 November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 12

GBAS Flight Trials Braunschweig - TUBS GNSS Antennen November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 13

Research Infrastructure GBAS/INS On-Board Equipment DO 128-6 VDB-receiver i PRC, RRC i System overview GPSreceiver IMU g-model i ρ b aib g, n eb Φ i, ω b ib smoothing u k i P i P GBAS i σ GBAS ( xˆ, u ) xˆ k = f k 1 k 1 + Navigation Filter K k ( z h( xˆ ) k k xˆ k baro p November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 14

GBAS Flight Trials Braunschweig - DLR Validation with experimental A320 aircraft and operational used aircraft (B737, Air Berlin) November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 15

GBAS Procedure Desgin DLR Initial procedures based on already implemented RNAV procedures Transition from ILS-Look-Alike towards steep and curved approaches Validation in simulation and flight trials November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 16

GBAS Procedure Desgin DLR Initial procedures based on already implemented RNAV procedures Transition from ILS-Look-Alike towards steep and curved approaches Validation in simulation and flight trials November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 17

GBAS Procedure Design DLR Initial procedures based on already implemented RNAV procedures Transition from ILS-Look-Alike towards steep and curved approaches Validation in simulation and flight trials November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 18

Conclusions and Outlook Braunschweig offers a unique research and test environment for GBAS approach procedure design and testing Curved and segmented approach procedures have been shown and validated with research and commercial aircraft Even with high requirements for GAST-D approaches these flexible approach procedures will be possible Continuous work will be done at Research Airport Braunschweig by University and DLR November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 19

Thank you for your attention! Any Questions? Contact Dr.-Ing. Thomas Feuerle Institute of Flight Guidance Technische Universitaet Braunschweig Dipl.-Ing. Robert Geister Institute of Flight Guidance German Aerospace Center (DLR) Phone: +49 531 3919812 +49 531 295 2513 E-Mail: t.feuerle@tu-bs.de robert.geister@dlr.de November 2010 EIWAC 2010 Thomas Feuerle 20