Slide 1 / 91 Slide 2 / 91 1st Grade Waves 2015-11-20 www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 91 Slide 4 / 91 Table of ontents What are Waves? Sound Sight lick on the topic to go to that section What Happens When Light Hits ertain Objects Shadows ommunication What are Waves? Return to Table of ontents Slide 5 / 91 What are Waves? Have you ever been at a beach or a lake and watched the water move up and down and across the shore? Have you listened to someone playing a violin or a guitar and watch the strings move up and down and across? Slide 6 / 91 What are Waves? In both of those cases, you are seeing waves! The water in the ocean and the string of the guitar move up and down or across in a regular pattern (you never see just one wave at the beach). an you think of any other times you see something moving like that?
Slide 7 / 91 Waves Demo Now we are going to make some waves of our own. If you look down on a bucket full of water, this is what it looks like. Slide 8 / 91 Water Waves fter you dropped the rock, did you see something like this? The water in the bucket is calm, nothing is moving. ut what happens if you drop a rock into the bucket? Slide 9 / 91 Water Waves The bumps in the water are the wave moving away from where the rock hit the surface of the water. Slide 10 / 91 Water Waves Waves cause an up and down motion in the water. The rock hit the water here! waves Up Down Slide 11 / 91 Water Waves It's easier to see this up and down motion here. Slide 12 / 91 1 an you find waves anywhere other than the beach? Yes No The red line shows when the water was calm or flat. an you see that the wave goes above the red line as well as below it?
Slide 13 / 91 Slide 14 / 91 Sound Return to Table of ontents Slide 15 / 91 Slide 16 / 91 Waves & Sound ctivity Sound is another type of wave, and these are the waves that we hear as music or people talking or just plain noise! Slide 17 / 91 Slide 18 / 91 Tuning Fork Tuning Fork Tuning forks are pieces of metal which can make different sounds when hit. Handle (Hold it here) Hit this end against hard object Teacher Notes Sound needs something to move through. It moves the "something" very fast up and down or backwards and forwards. This is called a vibration. We can hear this vibration as a sound. What is the "something" which sound moves through? Teacher Notes What happens when you hit the tuning fork against your desk?
Slide 19 / 91 Tuning Fork You should hear something after you hit the tuning fork against the desk. You should hear a sound! Slide 20 / 91 Tuning Fork fter hitting the tuning fork against the desk, if you grab this end, you should feel the vibrations! This sound comes from the vibration, the movement of the tuning fork! How can you prove the end of the tuning fork is vibrating and that it is making the sound? Try it! Slide 21 / 91 Tuning Fork You can also touch the end to a basin of water and see the waves that it will make from hitting the water. Slide 22 / 91 Tuning Fork y playing with the tuning forks, you should be able to prove for yourself that the sound comes from the movement in the one end of the fork. When you grabbed the end to feel the vibrations, what did you notice happened to the sound and the vibrations? Slide 23 / 91 Tuning Fork Slide 24 / 91 Pitch So a tuning fork can produce a sound through vibrations. In this picture, what's different about each of these tuning forks? So the longer tuning forks will make a lower pitch and the shorter ones will make a higher pitch. Do you know what "pitch" is? Play with each of the tuning forks and describe what you hear. Each has a different pitch. Do you think they will all sound the same?
Slide 25 / 91 Slide 26 / 91 Pitch If you are still confused about what pitch is, let us try to define it in another way. Look at these two dogs. The big dog will probably have a deep bark! Pitch The puppy will probably have a high squeaky bark! What do you think each of their barks would sound like? Even though both dogs can bark, their barks will have different pitches. Slide 27 / 91 Pitch Slide 28 / 91 2 Using the ruler given on the right, which tuning fork will give a higher pitch (which is shortest)? an you make a sentence which relates this picture to what you have learned about pitch? D Slide 29 / 91 3 Using the ruler given on the right, which tuning fork will give a lower pitch (which is longest)? Slide 30 / 91 Sound D an you name some other objects that make sound by vibrating? We mentioned a guitar in the beginning of this unit. re there any other instruments that vibrate?
Slide 31 / 91 Slide 32 / 91 Sound So far we have shown that moving a tuning fork and hitting an object causes vibrations and sound, but can it work in reverse? an your speakers or ear buds cause an object to move? Slide 33 / 91 Slide 34 / 91 Slide 35 / 91 Slide 36 / 91 Sight Return to Table of ontents
Slide 37 / 91 Slide 38 / 91 Sight: ave Explorer ctivity Let us explore the ability of sight. Slide 39 / 91 Sight Slide 40 / 91 Sight So if it's dark and you cannot see anything what do you do so you can see? If we have all the lights turned off in the classroom, can you see anything? Slide 41 / 91 Sight Slide 42 / 91 Light We can only see an object when there is light. If all the lights are on, can you see? an you name other sources of light besides this bulb? So, what must we have so we can see?
Slide 43 / 91 Light Rays of light will move in straight paths until they hit something else. Light can be reflected (bounce off of something) or be absorbed (like a sponge soaking up water) rays of light moving in a straight path In order to see a box, you need to have light rays hit the surface of the box and bounce back (be reflected) towards your eye! Slide 44 / 91 Sight s we said before, if there were no light, you would not be able to see the box. Slide 45 / 91 Sight Slide 46 / 91 4 In order for our eyes to work, we need. sound movement Nothing would be reflected towards your eye and you could not see the box. nothing is reflected light D glasses This is why we cannot see in the dark! Slide 47 / 91 Slide 48 / 91 What Happens When Light Hits ertain Objects Return to Table of ontents
Slide 49 / 91 Light hitting objects In your everyday lives what are some things that light hits or passes through? Slide 50 / 91 Objects in Light's Path Lab In science, we like to list things, so we can understand what's going on. Light hits 4 different types of objects and acts differently with each one. Here they are: Transparent Objects Translucent Objects Opaque Objects Reflective Objects Slide 51 / 91 Slide 52 / 91 Transparent Transparent means something that is clear and allows all light to pass through it. The glass in most windows is transparent. In the image you can see what it looks like outside the window. Slide 53 / 91 Transparent LL light passes through a. Slide 54 / 91 Translucent Only some of the light passes through a. Here's two examples. In these images you can sort of tell what is behind the translucent blocks, but you cannot see clearly.
Slide 55 / 91 Translucent Slide 56 / 91 Translucent SOME light passes through a. The only way to tell this person is wearing a black and gray striped shirt is by looking here. The rest of the person behind the blocks is difficult to see. Slide 57 / 91 Opaque None of the light hitting an passes through. Slide 58 / 91 Opaque NO light passes through an. box is opaque. If you placed an object in a closed cardboard box, would your friend be able to see what you placed inside of box? Slide 59 / 91 5 The section that is TRNSPRENT is labeled. Slide 60 / 91 6 The section that is OPQUE is labeled.
Slide 61 / 91 7 The section that is TRNSLUENT is labeled. Slide 62 / 91 8 red box is placed behind another material. Describe the material in front of the box. Transparent Translucent Opaque Slide 63 / 91 9 red box is placed behind another material. Describe the material in front of the box. Slide 64 / 91 10 red box is placed behind another material. Describe the material in front of the box. Transparent Transparent Translucent Translucent Opaque Opaque Slide 65 / 91 Reflective ll the light hitting a reflective object bounces off the surface. It is like throwing a ball at a wall and having it come back to you. mirror is a reflective surface. Slide 66 / 91 Reflective LL the light bounces off a reflective surface. reflective object Here we see two kittens, because the one to the right is the reflection from the mirror! reflective object reflective object
Slide 67 / 91 Slide 68 / 91 Slide 69 / 91 Slide 70 / 91 Shadows Shadows What is a shadow? Return to Table of ontents Slide 71 / 91 Shadows What will the shadow of an look like?? Teacher Notes Slide 72 / 91 Shadows When the light hits the nothing will pass through and it will form a dark shadow on the other side! Shadow!
Slide 73 / 91 Shadows What will the shadow of a look like?? Teacher Notes Slide 74 / 91 Shadows When the light hits the some of the light will pass through and it will form a shadow on the other side, but it wont be as dark! Shadow! Slide 75 / 91 Shadows Will a form a shadow?? Teacher Notes Slide 76 / 91 Shadows No, the would not have formed a shadow, all the light passes through! Slide 77 / 91 Slide 78 / 91 ommunication Return to Table of ontents
Slide 79 / 91 ommunications When we want to talk to family or friends, we are able to simply pick up a phone, dial a number, and speak into it. ommunicating was not always like that. In ancient times the means of communicating were as basic as writing a letter and giving it to someone who would run great distances to deliver the message. Slide 80 / 91 ommunications Slide 81 / 91 ommunications Other means included setting fires to signal certain messages, perhaps the lookout on top of a mountain would set a fire to warn the village below of a possible attack. Slide 82 / 91 ommunications The drumming of certain villages could be used to send messages over great distances. Each rhythm and beat could represent a certain message which others would be able to recognize. Slide 83 / 91 Slide 84 / 91 String Phone Lab You can make a very basic phone using only a couple of styrofoam cups and a string! Give it a try!
Slide 85 / 91 ommunication Not only can we communicate by talking to one another. We can also communicate through patterns, colors, and lights. Slide 86 / 91 ommunication You could have listed flashing a light, smoke signals like they used to do in the old days, but one of my favorite examples is a traffic light! an you think of some other examples? What does a traffic light communicate? Slide 87 / 91 11 The light meaning STOP is labeled. Slide 88 / 91 12 The light meaning GO is labeled. Slide 89 / 91 13 The light meaning SLOW DOWN is labeled. Slide 90 / 91 ommunication s a fun classroom activity, you can all play the game red light, green light. Your teacher will have both a red light and a green light which they can turn off and on. You are only allowed to move when the light is green, GO!!! You can not move when the light is red, you have to STOP!!! You have to see who can make it all the way across the room.
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