Japanese Standardization Policy Comprehensive strategy for international standardization activities for Japan October 8, 2004 Toru Yamauchi, CICC Singapore (Former Director of Industrial Standards Research Office, METI)
Contents of the presentation Introduction of JISC Action Plan Current topics of Standardization Policy (Examples) (1) IT Accessibility (2) Environment Consideration 1
Introduction of JISC Action Plan JISC established its Action Plan in June 2004. 1. Facilitate a more active approach by Japan s industrial sector - Establish Support Center - Enhancing awareness of the importance of international standardization among business executives and managers 2. Utilize Independent Administrative Agencies - National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) - National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NITE) 3. Promote international cooperation - Bilateral cooperation (with US, Europe etc.) - Regional cooperation (PASC, etc.) 2
Background of the JISC Action Plan JISC has been presenting the overall strategy for international standardization activities Evolution of Economic Globalization Rapid Expansion of Competition in International Trade Need for more active international standardization activities Impact of Japanese contributions to ISO/IEC activities towards the international standardization activities Compile the Action Plan 3
Situation and Difficulties of International Standardization Strategy Trend in ISO Secretaries JISC ANSI BSI DIN AFNOR GOST R 4 3
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ISO Ranking scheme for TMB membership eligibility (2004-2006) 6
Future Action 1/3 Industrial sector PR for the voluntary activities of private companies for international standardization Checking the progress implemented by the Nippon Keidanren proposal, indicating new issues and prioritized fields, accumulating examples of corporate activities, and verifying the benefits of international standardization Investigating common issues among industries such as standardization and intellectual property, and making political suggestions Accumulating the experience of international standardization with the initiative of private sectors, and strengthening the partnership with the Support Center Private companies Establishing a section for international standardization, employee training, and allocating employees to posts for long intervals Enhancing awareness of international standardization among executives and middle-level management Utilizing the staff in overseas offices for international standardization Strengthening the partnership among Research and Development, 7 Intellectual Property and International Standardization within company
Future Action 2/3 Japanese Industrial Standards Committee (JISC) Collecting the necessary information and coordinating stakeholders to develop a basis for discussion on standardization Implement cooperation between ISO/IEC high-level meetings and individual MCs' activities Promote cooperation among international standardization activities, domestic standardization activities and regulatory authorities National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) R&D for the latest technology areas where Japan is competitive, and develop human resources who can contribute to international standardization activities as secretariat members, chairs or conveners National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NITE) R&D for standardization for the elderly and people with disabilities, consumer protection and environmental protection, 8
Future Action 3/3 Japanese Standards Association (JSA) Establishing the Support Center - Training of workers in international standardization activities - Support for the reduction of secretaries paperwork - Strengthening the system for collecting and disseminating information about international standardization activities Government of Japan PR on the benefits of standardization Reviewing and implementing assistance to the targeted fields that Japan can really undertake a leading role in international standardization activities Collecting information through multi-lateral and bi-lateral meetings, and implementing cooperation with interested parties 9
Current topic of standards policy #1 Standardization of IT Accessibility in Japan 10
Present Situation of Japan (1) The use of information and communications equipment is increasing and diversifying. (%) Figure1-2 Ratio of Households Possessing Information and Communication Appliances Cellular phones 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Internet-capable cellular phones PHSs Word processors Source: Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunications, Japan PCs Fax machines Car navigation systems 11
Present Situation of Japan (2) The use of information technology has become indispensable for business. Figure1-3. Situation of Enterprises Using the Internet (Enterprises with 100 employees or more) 1998 0 20 40 60 80 (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Source: Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunications, Japan 12
Present Situation of Japan (3) Information services and procedures in the public sector are also being rapidly computerized. Total number of online procedures 13,589 7,335 Municipal websites 2,704 3,098 3,153 147 601 Figure1-4. Number of Online Administrative Procedures (Application/Filing) Accepted by Government Agencies Figure1-5. Municipal websites opened Source: Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunications, Japan 13
Present Situation of Japan (4) Population( 10,000) Over 65 years old Percentage of elderly Percentage of elderly (Over 65 years old) 15-65 years old Under 15 years old Source: Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunications, Japan 14
Why Information Accessibility? (1) 15
Information Accessibility: State in which older and disabled persons can access information and operate information technology without any hindrance in respect of information communication equipment and/or services. No Marginalized People Unable to Use Information Technology because of Ageing or Physical or Mental Disabilities Support for Social Participation by Elderly or Disabled Persons using ICT 16
The Value of Standardization (1) Standardized concepts for accessibility Policy and guidelines are set and publicized. Though policy and guidelines are set, they are not publicized. Concepts have been considered, but policy and guidelines are not set. Policy and guidelines have not been set. Figure 3-2 Situation with decision-making on accessibility guidelines and standards in local public bodies in Japan which are addressing Web accessibility Source: Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunications, Japan 17
The Value of Standardization (2) Unification and harmonization of ways of thinking or the methodology of approaches regarding Information Accessibility Rationalization of activities related to Information Accessibility Promotion of awareness and the provision of incentives to the Information Accessibilities 18
Standardization: JIS (1) Tiers of Standards (1) Basic standard (Guide 71) ISO/IEC Guide 71 JIS X 8071:2003 Guidelines for standards developers to address the needs of older persons and persons with disabilities (2) Group standard (IT Sector Guide) (3) Specific standards X 8341-3 X 8341-2 JIS X 8341-1: 2004 Guidelines for older persons and persons with disabilities - information and communications equipment, software and services - Part1:Common Guidelines JIS X 8341-2:2004 Information Processing Equipment JIS X 8341-3: 2004 Web Contents 19
Standardization: JIS (2)(X8341-1) JIS X 8341-1: Common Guidelines Established May 2004 General principle for the information accessibility standard Terms of reference common to specific products in the ICT area Basic functions of individual products ensure information accessibility Covers respective stages in the product life cycle 20
Standardization: JIS (3) (X8341-1) Basic requirements a) Can be operated and used even if visual information is missing. b) Can be operated and used even if auditory information is missing. c) Can be operated and used if speech is difficult. d) Can be operated and used regardless of differences in physique. e) Can be operated and used regardless of differences in muscular strength and/or control power. f) Can be operated and used by persons with impaired lower limbs. g) Can be operated and used by wheelchair users. h) Can be operated and used with only one hand, either left or right. i) Can be operated and used by individuals who have limited motion of hands, fingers, or artificial limbs. Recommended considerations a) Consider product operation and use that does not impose excessive burden on ability of cognition and memory. b) Consider product operation and use irrespective of differences in culture and/or languages. c) Consider product operation and use by novices/new users. 21
Standardization: JIS (4)(X8341-2) JIS X 8341-2: Information Processing Equipment Established in June 2004 For information processing equipment (PCs and related devices ) Arrangement of descriptions for ease of understanding by designers All items described are mandatory as a general rule Implementers may identify applicable items according to the class or specifications of the product 22
Standardization: JIS (5) (X8341-2) Requirements for Systems Input and Output 6.2 Acoustic Information (Output) 6.2.3 Display of Acoustic Status Important acoustic output information shall be presented in a form other than the auditory medium 6.4 Keys and Buttons (Input) 6.4.4 Setting Function of Input Fixing Condition with Keys, Switches and Buttons Systems should be set by users with a time lapse between the time when the key, button or switch is activated and the time when input is perceived. 23
Standardization: JIS (6)(X8341-3) JIS X 8341-3: Web Content Established in June 2004 For web content Description of problems for users, proposition of response by implementers Accumulation of domestic/overseas rules Japanese computer vendors Advanced local governments WCAG1.0(W3C) US Rehabilitation Acts Japanese Specific Issues (Pronunciation of kanji, notation of furigana 24
Standardization : JIS (7)(X8341-3) As to non-textual information such as moving pictures, alternate information may be supplied by captions or explanation of the situation Movie Caption Figure 4-1 Example of caption described with SMIL (Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language) 25
Standardization : JIS (8) (X8341-3) Information needed to understand or work upon the web content should not be given only with colors Figure 4-2 Example in which items are hard to distinguish only from differences in color Figure 4-3 Example in which items are easy to distinguish because a line is drawn to the caption 26
Next Steps in JIS (1) Under Consideration Office equipment: Copiers, Printers Japan Business Machines & Information Systems Industries Association JBMS-73-2004 Guidelines for older persons and persons with disabilities digital copying machines, multi-function devices and printers 2005 JIS Communication equipment: Phone, Fax, etc. Communications and Information Network Association of Japan Guidelines for older persons and persons with disabilities - Telecommunication equipment / Ver.2 (2004) 2005 JIS 27
Next Steps in JIS (2) Office equipment Can be operated even from a wheelchair. Usage example Fig 5-1 Can be approached and operated from a wheelchair. Fig 5-2 Angle of the control panel is changed to allow operation from a wheelchair 28
Next Steps in JIS (3) Communication equipment Example SANYO Electric Co., Ltd Bone Conduction Telephone Tone adjustment Volume adjustment Amber color back light liquid crystal Telephone call speed adjustment Large one touch dial 29
International Activities e-europe 1999-- Design for all US Rehabilitation Act Article 508 Electronic and information technology accessibility standards 2000-- Italy Provisions to support access to information technologies for the disabled 2004-- ISO Guide71 2002-- ISO TC159/SC4(Ergonomics of human-system interaction) ISO/IEC JTC1/SC35(User Interface) 30
ISO/TC159 Ergonomics SC4 Ergonomics of human-system interaction WG5 Software ergonomics and human-computer dialogues WG6 Human-centered design processes for interactive systems (Example) ISO/TS 16071:2003 Ergonomics of human-system interaction -- Guidance on accessibility for humancomputer interfaces ISO 9241-1:1997 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) -- Part 1: General introduction ISO/IEC JTC1/SC35 User Interfaces WG6 User Interfaces for People with Special Needs including children, the elderly, the permanently or temporarily disabled and people in 31 constrained usage environments
Japanese strategy of IT Accessibility Horizontal expansion to other products Proposal for International Standard NWIP to ISO/TC159 /SC4(Ergonomics of human-system interaction) *NWIP : New Work Item Proposal Development of the evaluation methods 32
Current topic of standards policy #2 International Standardization on Environmental for Electrical and Electronic Products Environmental Conscious Design Material Declaration
Environmental Conscious Design for Electrical and Electronic Products Environmental Conscious Design ECD - ISO published TR14062 (Design for Environment) in October 2002. : Resin Design in units Glass - IEC decided to develop an ECD guide for electrical and electronic products. - The guide lays down the basic principles in design adapted to environmental issues including disassemble ability, reduction of waste and consideration of materials in order to promote the 3R(Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) movement. - The International guide will be established by the end 2004 in IEC. (JIS also scheduled to be developed with international standardization.) : Resin + metals Electronic parts + metals Resin Improved disassembly (reduction in disassembly time) Design for recycling of resin components Simplification of chassis block and removal of metal materials Adhesive non-use for differing material types in front cabinet Resin types: 13 -> 2 Resin parts: 39 items -> 8 Resin volume: -26% 34
Procedure for the Declaration of Materials (MD) in Products of the Electronics Industry Needs for material declaration - Compliance with regulations (Cf. RoHS in European Directive) on the use of chemicals in product. - Green parts and materials are essential to reduce product environmental impact. - To provide necessary information for recycling facilities. Needs for Standardization - Standardized Chemical Substance lists - Reporting Format Joint guidelines by the worldwide electronics industries EIA, EICTA and JGPSSI are developing the Joint guidelines of MD with a view to international standardization. EICTA: European Information and Communication Technology Association EIA: Electronic Industry Alliance JGPSSI: Japan Green Procurement Survey Standardization Initiative 35
The proposal of a new TC establishment for Environmental Standard in IEC 1 It is very important to promote the international standardization of ECD and MD to solve the global environmental issues. 2 Japan and European countries proposed the establishment of a new environmental TC for ECD to IEC/SMB in February, 2004. 3. The International Standard of ECD will be developed in the new TC after the ECD guide is completed by IEC/ACEA. ACEA Advisory Committee on Environmental Aspects 4. The International Standards of MD will be developed in the new TC. 36
Conclusion Japan (JISC) has established the Action Plan for International Standardization. JISC is focusing on social needs like followings: - The elderly and disabled people - Environment It is social needs that are very important for each country when considering industry s global competitiveness. 37
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