B. Sommer, RD-RR 1 Automation & Robotics (A&R) for Space Applications in the German Space Program ASTRA 2002 ESTEC, November 2002 1
2 Current and future application areas Unmanned exploration of the cold planets, interplanetary bodies and matter Unmanned exploration of the hot planets Manned and unmanned exploration of the Jupiter and it s moons Sun probes Orbital infrastructures, Base in the Langrange point Mars station Manned Base on the back side of the moon for astronomy 2
3 Inspection Maintenance Repair Operation of interplanetary infrastructure Exploration of the Solar system Goals A&R for Space Applications in Germany Satellite infrastructure Space station Experiment & Crew Support 3
4 Infrastructure elements Free Flying Robots OSAV Orbital Unmanned Servicing & Assembly Vehicle M/U-OTV Manned/Unmanned Orbital Transfer Vehicle M/U-PLV Manned/Unmanned Planetary Landing Vehicle MPSV Mobile Planetary Surface Vehicle PSAV Planetary Servicing & Assembly Vehicle MAF Mobile Analyses Facility MSV Module Service Vehicle Mobile Robots PHM Service Facilities Planetary Habitation Module PMF Planetary Maintenance Facility RGHF Resource Generation and Handling Facility 4
5 Capabilities & Technologies The necessary capabilities : Interplanetary and planetary navigation Rendezvous, Capturing, Docking, Berthing Material processing, regeneration, handling and storage Fast and reliable high data rate communication Environment monitoring and control A&R technologies to provide : Advanced man machine interfaces (virtual presence, tele presence) Integrated real time system control Actuators, manipulators, sensor systems Flexible attitude detection and control Sensor data processing and sensor data fusion Intelligent assessment of the environment Integrated database system 5 7th ESA Workshop on Advanced Space Technologies for Robotics and Automation 'ASTRA 2002'
6 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 B. Sommer, RD-RR Automation & Robotics (A&R) for space applications System intelligence MOSAIC TECSAS PHOENIX MARCO new VITAL III ROKVISS GETEX MISSISS/ESS,OSS VITAL I MARCO-X/ESS MARCO VITAL II ROTEX 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 6
7 ROKVISS ROKVISS - Robotik Komponenten Verifikation auf der ISS (Robotic components verification on ISS) Project statement : - qualification of robotic components for space applications - verification of direct link between ROKVISS ground and space segment - verification of the tele-presence mode (500 ms round trip) System (flight unit): - 2 joint units - electronic box - antenna - additional equipment: wide angle camera External accommodation on the Russian Service Module of ISS 7
8 ROKVISS ROKVISS - Robotik Komponenten Verifikation auf der ISS (Robotic components verification on ISS) ROKVISS accommodation on ISS Progress Monitoring Control Station Service Module Direct Link Groundstation 8
9 Project statement : VITAL is a 4-step program to: VITAL VITAL - A virtual reality (VR) system as an advanced tool (MMI) for design, experiment preparation, training and operation of space systems. Proof of the usability and benefit of virtual reality concepts (S/W & H/W) for space applications. Development of the VR-system on work stations and its demonstration by performing a satellite capture and repair task in the laboratory. Transformation of the VR-system into a PC version. Application of the VR-system for astronaut training and experiment preparation (operation?) in COF. 7th ESA Workshop on Advanced Space Technologies for Robotics and Automation 'ASTRA 2002' 9
De-orbiting study 10 Investigation of the controlled de-orbiting of a non-cooperative satellite with minimal risk for populated areas around the world using Russian technology Study statement : Topics to be elaborated during the study: Options for satellites de-orbiting Comparison of the described options and recommendations Definition of a baseline de-orbiting mission concept Mission control Cost estimation 10
11 Mission statement : TECSAS TECSAS TEChnology SAtellite for demonstration and verification of Space systems TECSAS shall demonstrate the availability and advanced maturity of the technologies necessary for: Approach and rendezvous Inspection fly around Formation flight Capture Stabilization and calibration of the compound Compound flight maneuver Manipulation of the target satellite Active ground control via tele-presence Passive ground control during autonomous operations Thrust control for disposal or de-orbiting De-coupling of the compound 11 7th ESA Workshop on Advanced Space Technologies for Robotics and Automation 'ASTRA 2002'
12 RASAV RASAV RAdarverfahren zu Satelliten Vermessung Radar based methods for the measurement of satellite orbits and dynamics. Mission statement : Investigation of satellite orbit data accuracy and development of a failure compensation model Implementation of a real time tracking algorithm independent of the availability of orbit parameters Development of a mathematical method to calculate orbit progression over time Improvement of existing data processing methods to create radar images and radar movies of orbital objects 12
13 Study statement : Market potential for orbital servicing Study to investigate the potential markets for servicing, maintenance, repair etc. of orbital infrastructure elements. Description of potential servicing tasks deduced from public interest/responsibilities (e.g. disposal of space debris) Description of potential servicing tasks deduced from private/industrial interest (retrieval, repair, inspection, etc. of satellites) Assessment of the market potential based on non-cooperative as well as on cooperative satellite design Description of international activities in the field of orbital servicing Derivation of top level requirements for future satellite design taking into account marketing and business considerations 13 7th ESA Workshop on Advanced Space Technologies for Robotics and Automation 'ASTRA 2002'
14 Mosaic-AODS Development of an Attitude & Orbit Determination System (AODS) with integrated GPS- and star sensor-subsystems Project statement : Autonomous orbit determination by using satellite navigation Accurate pointing (star sensor) Low mass and low cost design with shared digital signal processor (DSP) unit Multiple use in a variety or orbits (i.e. LEO, MEO, GEO & GTO) 14
15 ASTRA - PHOENIX Flight Experiment ~ Automatic Landing Project statement Demonstration of the final descent and automatic landing Be representative for future reusable launch vehicles Fly a vehicle with limited gliding flight performance (L/D, inertia, instability, sensitivity to perturbations, not powered ) In-flight demonstration of innovative technologies, which can not be verified by ground testing itself, e.g. GNC Development of advanced avionics system Gain experience in reusability operations B. Sommer, RD-RR 15
16 Status: Status and perspective of Automation & Robotics (A&R) for Space Applications Autonomous and automated systems are used in a broad spectrum of applications in production, manufacturing and fabrication. In spite of some spectacular successes the utilization of intelligent systems in space missions is still in an initial state. Commercial and business aspects just start to be systematically investigated and to influence programmatic decisions Perspective: The combination of new information technologies, highly integrated mechatronics and advanced actuators and sensors together with powerful simulation tools will open up a large array of space applications in the future. The technical progress together with the results of market analyses will lead to a new generation of space systems and progressive methods for their operation. 16 7th ESA Workshop on Advanced Space Technologies for Robotics and Automation 'ASTRA 2002'
17 Areas of special interest within DLR Space Management DLR Space Management pursues the development of systems for space applications in the areas of : Tasks inside and outside of the International Space Station Maintenance and repair of satellites Exploration of the solar system and other celestial bodies The requirements for the related systems and components are derived from scientific and technological demands as well as from commercial and business aspects. Besides the enhancement of system autonomy, the level of automation and the development of advanced ground control methods DLR Space Management puts major emphasis on the analysis of the current and future market potential of the technical endeavors and and promotes commercialization efforts. 17 7th ESA Workshop on Advanced Space Technologies for Robotics and Automation 'ASTRA 2002'