PHOENICE Submarines Radar Systems

PHOENICE Submarines Radar Systems

www.thalesgroup.com/germany 2

THALES DEUTSCHLAND Thales Deutschland is a German company. It is part of the international Thales Group, a global leader in complex solutions in the field of security. Thales Deutschland core activities are: Aerospace Air Systems Land & Joint Systems Naval Systems Security Services Thales in Kiel belongs to the Business Unit Naval Systems and the main activities in Kiel are in the field of: Submarine Systems Naval Communication Systems Fire Control Applications Optronic Equipment Defence Services Thales key figures: Thales Group: Order intake: 14,000 Mio Employees: 68.000 worldwide Thales Deutschland Order intake: 1,300 Mio Employees: 5,700 Locations: > 24 with 4 business groups Thales Defence & Security Systems GmbH / Naval Systems Order intake: 50 Mio Employees: 180 Locations: 2 3

INTRODUCTION Thales Defence & Security Systems GmbH has been supplying navigation radar systems for submarines for 50 years now. More than 130 systems have been installed on board of submarines spread all over the world. Before the year 2000 Thales was acting under the group name Thomson-CSF. In many navies the earlier radar systems from Thomson-CSF like Calypso 61-63, Calypso CIII, C IV as well as the Scanter MIL, Scanter 1024, THOR and SPHINX are still in operation and are a term for reliability. The know-how of 50 years and the experience of more than 130 installations lift Thales Defence & Security Systems GmbH to the leading position of system integrators for submarine navigation radars. The supply chain of Thales Defence & Security Systems GmbH starts with the consultation of the customer in terms of tactical features, levels of integration followed by the tailoring of the navigation system to the needs of the customer. The individual installations differ mainly in the following points: Type of radar sensor (tactical and/or navigational) Type of radar mast (defines location of transceivers) Level of integration (stand alone or part of MFCC) Interfaces to Combat System, Navigation Data Management Systems The actual generation of the Thales radar system PHOENICE is designed to support all existing types of radar masts and several levels of integration. Additionally, this PHOENICE navigation radar system is built on a heritage of systems that have been proven at sea and delivers unprecedented performance and flexibility in safe navigation. The PHOENICE radar system consists of core components which are used for all installations. The adaptation of the radar core to the special requirements of the submarine is managed by variation of the transceiver technology. Either the transceiver is installed wall mounted inside the pressure hull, in water tight housing below the radar mast or in a pressure tight pod in the upper end of the radar mast. Thales Defence & Security Systems GmbH provides a variation of pulse sensors in the range 4-25KW for navigational purpose. The output power reflects to the total length of the waveguide between the radar antenna and the pulse sensor. For tactical use Thales also provides a LPI FMCW sensor, which transmits with maximum output power of 1W. LPI stands for Low Probability of Intercept. The LPI sensor does not 4

operate with a short high power pulse; it transmits continuously with very low power in selectable levels 1 milliwatt to 1 watt. Due to the reduced output power in combination with single scan or sector scan Thales is proud to point out that this tactical sensor is nearly undetectable. LPI enables Seeing without being seen. THE NAME The northern pole star has historically been used for maritime navigation. It is the centre star of the constellation Lesser Bear. The ancient Greek called it PHOENICE, the Phoenician star. Like the Phoenician star steadily guided the seamen in the ancient world, thus the PHOENICE radar system today secures a modern navigation. There is a great diversity of opinion, as to why the Lesser Bear is called PHOENICE, and why those who observe it are said to navigate more exactly and carefully. These people do not seem to realize the reason for it being called Phoenice. Thales of Miletus (624 B.C. - 546 B.C.), who searched into these matters carefully, and first called the constellation Bear, was by birth a Phoenician. Therefore all those in the Peloponnesus use the first Arctos; the Phoenicians, however, observe the one they received from its discoverer, and by watching it carefully, are thought to navigate more exactly, and suitably call it Phoenice from the race of its discoverer. (Indication of source: Gaius Julius Hyginus (64 B.C. 17 A.C.); De Astronomia liber secvnvs; II. Arctus Minor) SCOPE The actual generation of the Thales radar system PHOENICE is designed to support all existing types of radar masts and several levels of integration. Additionally, this PHOENICE navigation radar system is built on a heritage of systems that have been proven at sea and delivers unprecedented performance and flexibility in safe navigation. With the PHOENICE radar system Thales Defence & Security GmbH covers the full range of requirements placed on a modern, innovative radar system. The newly developed and tested drive units are optimally adapted to the established and the newly developed pressure tight radar antennas with the corresponding waveguides and rotary joints. Depending on the submarine class and on the customer requirement a customer can select from an extensive 5

portfolio of transceivers. All components are fully compatible with each other and give an excellent performance. The heart of the system, the PHOENICE server, offers best possible processing of incoming radar signals by the newly developed target tracking processor. With the help of the innovative PHOENICE client the evaluated data will be made available at any location on the ship. For the equipment of the submarine operation centres with appropriate consoles Thales has a corresponding product portfolio. To operate the radar system Thales provides a pressure tight bridge display, which permanently mounted on the bridge and connected via pressureresistant cable, allows safe navigation. In addition to the supply of hardware and software Thales provides not only a safe logistic, but also professional training for future system users. PHOENICE PRODUCT PORTFOLIO Pressure tight radar antennas Microstrip antenna MSA Slotted wave guide horn antenna P-RAX Pressure tight radar drive units PRIMOS 250 S PRIMOS 250 L Various transceivers 1 W FMCW / LPI sensor for up mast installation 4 KW Pulse sensor for up mast installation 25 KW Pulse sensors for down mast installation 25 KW Pulse sensors for wall mounted installation Radar Imaging Server & Ethernet Radar Clients Displays Multi purpose consoles Pressure tight Bridge Display & Auxiliary Video Switch & Pressure tight TrackBall 6

THE SUBMARINE-TYPE DECIDES ON PHOENICE-CONFIGURATION: The radar system PHOENICE consists of an extensive product portfolio in order to guarantee an optimal performance for any submarine types. To combine the components accordingly three important issues are to be addressed in the run-up: Which type of mast has your submarine? Telescopic mast Non-telescopic mast Which transceiver location is requested? What kind of radar do you wish? Transceiver to be installed inside the pressure hull Transceiver to be installed outside the pressure hull / inside the radar mast Tactical radar Navigation radar Below the possible U-boat types and corresponding combinations of the PHOENICE product portfolio are shown: 7

Non-telescoping mast / Transceiver inside the pressure-hull Some older submarines are equipped with non telescopic, penetrating radar masts where the radar transceiver is located below the radar mast. The transceiver moves with the mast up and down. Freely selectable antennas Microstrip antenna MSA Slotted wave guide horn antenna P-RAX Required pressure tight radar drive unit PRIMOS 250 S Required sensor 25 KW pulse sensors for down mast installation Please note: Combination with LPI-sensor is not possible Required processing units Radar Imaging Server & Ethernet Radar Clients System Interface Unit (SIU) 8

Non-telescoping mast / Transceiver inside the pressure-hull (fixed waveguide couples) The non-telescopic mast moves up and down with a fix wave guide installation inside the mast. Only in the upper limit position the mast waveguide couples with the inboard wave guide to the fixed installed transceiver. Freely selectable antennas Microstrip antenna MSA Slotted wave guide horn antenna P-RAX Required pressure tight radar drive unit PRIMOS 250 S Required transceiver 25 KW Pulse sensors for wall mounted installation Please note: Combination with LPI sensor is not possible Required processing unit Radar Imaging Server & Ethernet Radar Clients 9

Telescoping mast / Transceiver inside the pressure-hull The penetrating, telescopic mast penetrates the pressure hull of the submarine only with mast food, the major length of the mast remains outside the hull. Inside this telescopic mast a telescopic waveguide is installed. Freely selectable antennas Microstrip antenna MSA Slotted wave guide horn antenna P-RAX Required Pressure tight radar drive unit PRIMOS 250 S Required transceiver 25 KW Pulse sensors for wall mounted installation Please note: Combination with LPI sensor is not possible Required processing unit Radar Imaging Server & Ethernet Radar Clients 10

Telescoping mast / Transceiver outside pressure-hull waveguide The latest generation of either Pulse- or LPI-transceiver has been designed for up mast installation. These types support the non penetrating masts, which fully remain outside the pressure hull of the submarine. The transceivers are installed in the upper end of the radar mast. A pressure tight cable and hull penetrations connect the inboard electronics to the outboard transceivers. This configuration is the ideal combination of navigation and tactical radar. Freely selectable antennas Microstrip antenna MSA Slotted wave guide horn antenna P-RAX Required pressure tight radar drive unit PRIMOS 250 L Freely selectable transceivers 1 W FMCW sensor (Low probability of Intercept - LPI) 4 KW Pulse sensor for up mast installation Required processing units Radar Imaging Server & Ethernet Radar Clients System Interface Unit (SIU) 11

WHAT IS THE SPECIAL FEATURE OF PHOENICE? The beneficial feature of the PHOENICE radar system is the PHOENICE client / server concept. The newly developed PHOENICE Radar Imaging & Data Server combines all functions of an innovative radar system. With the help of the PHOENICE SW client the evaluated data will be made available at any location on the ship. PHOENICE client / server concept 12

Benefits of the PHOENICE Server Control of different radar transceivers Digitization of incoming analogue video, trigger, azimuth Video pre-processing & clutter reduction Lossless compression and video to LAN converter Radar video multicast via ethernet to PHOENICE SW clients Plot extraction and plot export via ethernet (option) Target tracking und track export via ethernet Multi-console & multi-user operation NMEA interfaces for own ship data, GPS, AIS, Radar image recording (option) Dual Core CPU board with solid state hard drive Interface carrier board with two piggy backs Incl. power supply, Radar Sensor Interface (RSI) The PHOENICE Client Server for operation of the PHOENICE radar system was created in a Multi Layer Concept. It is possible to combine several applications on one display. PHOENICE Multilayer Concept 13

Benefits of the PHOENICE SW Client SW license for PHOENICE HMI (supports Linux & MS Windows) IMO compliant (IEC 62388) own ship navigation IMO compliant navigation for remote vehicles Presentation of radar video with track & plot overlay Simultaneous presentation on several workstations Overlay of coast line maps & AIS information Control of radar sensors and status indication Tactical enhancements: Sector transmission for all radar sensors Display of bearing vectors for periscopes and OMS Zoom & Pan function for Area of Interest Examples of PHOENICE SW Client Applications The PHOENICE Radar Client contains a radar PPI (Plan Position Indicator) and an operation window according to IMO requirements wherever possible. The Radar Imaging & Data Server is Linux based while the PHOENICE client software is designed for both, Linux and Windows operating systems. User Interface is a standard QWERTY keyboard layout and a trackball with 3 buttons. In the following the different functions of the PHOENICE Submarine Radar Systems are described with the help of the PHOENICE Client Software screenshots: 14

Utilization as navigation radar with IMO compliant display of the navigation screen Utilization as tactical radar with 3D view 15

Utilization as chart radar PHOENICE HMI with different section views 16

Integrated radar simulator for the generation of artificial moving targets PHOENICE Plan Position Indicator (PPI) with simulated tracks 17

Example for video resolution in range and bearing. PHOENICE nearby helicopter approach SIMDIS software package THALES provides with its PHOENICE radar system a track table interface to the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory display & analysis tool set called SIMDIS. SIMDIS is a set of GOTS software tools in use by US & Foreign Ranges and Organizations to support 2-D and 3-D analysis and visualization. SIMDIS allows an integrated real-time view of both time-space position information (TSPI) and telemetry data and provides an intuitive view of complex system interactions before, during and after an event. SIMDIS is free of charge; each µ-processor will receive its own license with the PHOENICE client application. 18

PHOENICE SIMDIS interface as admiral s view PHOENICE SIMDIS interface as admiral s view 19

PHOENICE PRODUCT PORTFOLIO - DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Pressure tight Radar Antennas Microstrip antenna MSA Radar antenna MSA 20

The Micro Strip hybrid Antenna (MSA) is intended for submarine applications and is designed to withstand high pressure. The horizontally polarized X-band micro strip hybrid antenna with a narrow horizontal beam width and low level side-lobes features a cosecant- squared vertical beam pattern (Csc 2 ). This Csc 2 feature allows the radar system to detect even air targets coming closer to the submarine. Basically, the antenna is constituted by a micro strip panel, a waveguide high power feeding network and a drive interface flange. The micro strip element is based on modified PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene). The antenna structure including the front is composed of dedicated syntactic foam ensuring no water absorption and high pressure capabilities. All parameters are nominal unless specified otherwise. Parameter Type Frequency band Technology Antenna Gain, peak Polarization Horizontal beam width -3 db Side Lobe Level ± 10 Vertical Csc2 beam pattern -3 db (θ 3dB ) Tilt angle (θ T ) Cut-off angle (θ m ) Voltage Standing Wave Ratio VSWR Max. out power Pressure tightness Max. static pressure Dimensions Width Height Depth Weight LPI support Characteristics Micro strip Hybrid Antenna 9375 ± 30 MHz Hybrid: slotted waveguide with micro strips 26 db Horizontal 2-25 db 10 ± 1 5 ± 1,5 40 ± 5 1 : 1,5 50 kw 6,3 MPa (63 bar) 1175 ± 5 mm 310 ± 5 mm 192 ± 5 mm 28 Kg ± 5% yes 21

Slotted wave guide horn antenna P-RAX Radar antenna P-RAX The Thales Pressure tight Radar Antenna X-band P-RAX is designed to withstand high pressure and support surface surveillance for safe navigation. Small dimensions and low cost combined with the Thales PRIMOSS 250 antenna drive unit present a smart & tiny solution for submarine radar masts. The antenna has been designed to meet: - Horizontally polarized I band antenna, with a narrow horizontal beam width - Low level side lobes - Vertical beam pattern typically > 20 - End fed slotted array design - The antenna structure including the front shall be either composed of dedicated syntactic foam ensuring no water absorption and high pressure capabilities or of pressure tight housing with a rexolite removable front window. 22

All parameters are nominal unless specified otherwise. Parameter Type Frequency band Technology Antenna power gain Polarization Horizontal beam width -3 db (θ 3dB ) Side Lobe Level ± 10 Vertical Csc2 beam pattern -3 db Voltage Standing Wave Ratio VSWR Max. out power Pressure tightness Max. static pressure Dimensions Width Height Depth Weight LPI support Characteristics Pressure tight Radar Antenna X-Band 9410 ± 50 MHz Slot coupled waveguide array 26 db Horizontal 2-25 db typically 20 1,2 50 kw 5,0 MPa (50 bar) 1175 ± 5 mm 160 mm 220 mm 35 kg yes 23

Pressure tight radar drive units Primoss 250S The Thales pressure tight motor for submarine sensors PRIMOSS 250S is a small and light up mast drive unit for different submarine sensors with its diameter of 250 mm and a net height of 460 mm. PRIMOSS 250S presents the short variant of the PRIMOSS family. The bottom flange is mounted to the pressure tight mast system. Inside the mast the cables and the waveguide from the inboard units are connected to the antenna. On the upper side different flanges are available to carry all submarine radar antennas, such as Thales P-RAX and MSA, Thomson CSF APV-1J and Kelvin Hughes AZL. The drive unit PRIMOSS 250S is controlled by a wall-mounted PRIMOSS-Drive-Unit (PDU) inside the submarine. 24

All parameters are nominal unless specified otherwise. Parameter Diameter at mast flange Height without flanges Diameter inner tube Material Weight Rotation speed Stop position / homing Max. Torque Sensors Controls Supply Shock resistance Protection Temperature range Wind load (in operation) with P-RAX or MSA antenna Water load (in operation) with P-RAX or MSA antenna Characteristics 250 mm 450 mm 46 mm, for waveguide Stainless steel < 175 kg net weight Programmable, typ. 24 rpm orientation programmable Programmable, fail safe mechanism by CAM 500 Nm Azimuth encoder, water leakage, pressure By drive control unit (PDU) via ethernet or CAN-Bus 115V AC 1 phase 100 m/s2 all directions, 11 ms >50 bar without rotation 1 bar in rotation -25 C to +55 C 150 knots 12 knots 25

Primoss 250L The PRIMOSS 250L differs from the short variant in the lower mast flange. The L-variant carries a pressure tight container for radar transceiver below the mast flange. The container is typically concealed inside the mast. Solely cable connections to the inboard units are required; this avoids the need for a long, lossy waveguide. The drive unit PRIMOSS 250L is controlled by a wall-mounted PRIMOSS-Drive-Unit (PDU) which is installed inside the submarine. 26

All parameters are nominal unless specified otherwise. Parameter Diameter at mast flange Height without flanges Diameter inner tube Material Weight Rotation speed Stop position / homing Max. Torque Sensors Controls Supply Shock resistance Protection Temperature range Wind load (in operation) with P-RAX or MSA antenna Water load (in operation) with P-RAX or MSA antenna Characteristics 450 mm 1173 mm 46 mm, for waveguide Stainless steel Depends on load Programmable, typ. 24 rpm orientation programmable Programmable, fail safe mechanism by CAM 500 Nm Azimuth encoder, water leakage, pressure By drive control unit (PDU) via ethernet or CAN-Bus 115V AC 1 phase 100 m/s2 all directions, 11 ms > 50 bar without rotation 1 bar in rotation -25 C to +55 C 150 knots 12 knots 27

Various transceivers 1 W FMCW / LPI sensor for up mast installation For the best protection of the submarine Thales allows the combination of the 4 KW pulse sensor and the LPI-sensor in one radar system. The operator controls both sensors within the menu structure of his PHOENICE client. During non covered operation the submarine uses its pulse radar and is detectable for all ESM systems. The estimation to be detected when using the pulse radar mode under continuous operation may be right, but wrong if applying the Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) Radar System and the single scan mode as used by the Thales radar PHOENICE. Only a few turns of the antenna with a 10.000 times lower transmitting power compared with the pulse radar is sufficient to have the full situation awareness around the submarine. This procedure lasts only a few seconds and the sub can decent again into safe water without being detected. The collected raw data will be processed by the system in sub-seconds and the tactical situation picture is available. So the commander is enabled to have the comprehensive situation awareness and a much better base to come to a decision. The installation of a FMCW / LPI sensor requires the additional installation of a System Interface Unit (SIU) inside the submarine. 28

All parameters are nominal unless specified otherwise. Parameter Selected Range Power levels Max. Power Medium Power Low Power Very Low Power Characteristics Long Range 24 NM High Resolution 6 NM Zoom 2,4 NM 1 W 100 mw 10 mw 1 mw Clutter reductions STC Sensitivity Time Control FTC Interference and clutter rejection Video Integration BITE Fault indication for the SPU and TRU BITE Outputs Video Trigger Centre Frequency I-Band, adjustable 29

Pulse sensor ( 4 KW ) for up mast installation The latest generation of either pulse- or FMCW transceiver has been designed for up mast installation. The 4KW transmitter is located in a pressure tight pod below the antenna motor. The sensor is connected via a pressure tight special cable to the System Interface Unit SIU. The SIU generates the DC power supply for the sensor and controls the up mast unit. The pulse sensor fulfils all requirements for an ARPA radar system, but furthermore it offers a number of tactical features, such as: - Sector transmission - Single scan transmission - Programmable PRF - Programmable pulse width (SP. MP and LP) - Programmable pseudo random PRF stagger The variation of transmission characteristics such as PL & PRF from mission to mission will complicate the reconnaissance by Electronic Support Measurement Systems. The combination with the LPI sensor in the up mast pod is possible. Both sensors share the waveguide to the antenna. Benefit of up mast installation: The up mast model supports the non penetrating masts, which fully remain outside the pressure hull of the submarine. The transceivers are installed in the upper end of the radar mast. A pressure tight cable and hull penetration connect the inboard electronics to the outboard transceivers. The up mast design results in a very short waveguide feeding. The waveguide length covers the distance between the radar antenna and the position of the transceivers in the pressure tight pod. This short wave guide reduces the losses significantly so that the output power for pulse transmitter has been reduced to less than 3kW. 30

All parameters are nominal unless specified otherwise. Parameter Peak Power (at Rx/Tx outp. flange) Features Characteristics 3 KW, typical TX Stand-by Power and Noise Factor Monitoring Video signal processing Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) STC acts on the Current Controlled limiter Frequency PRF (internal, excluding stagger) -Short pulse -Medium pulse -Long pulse Fixed within 9375 ± 30 MHz or Fixed within 9410 ± 30 MHz 800-3000 Hz 600-3000 Hz 400-2200 Hz Step size programming Pulse Width -Short pulse -Medium pulse -Long pulse PRF Stagger - 0% stagger - 2% stagger - 4% stagger - 8% stagger Noise Figure 50-120 ns 120-300 ns 300-600 ns Step size programming Programmable in 8 steps from nominal PRI No staggering From +1,5% to - 2% From +3% to - 4% From +6% to - 8% 4,7 db 31

Pulse sensor ( 25 KW ) for down mast installation The following part describes the possibility of down mast installation: Some older submarines are equipped with non telescopic, penetrating radar masts where the radar transceiver is located below the radar mast. The transceiver moves up and down with the mast. For this design of the mast Thales recommends the PHOENICE radar system with a down mast transceiver, inside the pressure hull of the submarine. A pressure tight housing carries both transceivers, either LPI and/or pulse transceiver. The housing is mounted below the radar mast and follows the mast movements. A cable loop connects the transceivers to the core components. The down mast pulse radar unit is controlled by the System Interface Unit SIU. See also description of SIU. 32

All parameters are nominal unless specified otherwise. Parameter Frequency PRF (internal, excluding stagger) -Short pulse -Medium pulse -Long pulse -Very Long Pulse Pulse Width -Short pulse -Medium pulse -Long pulse -Very Long Pulse Characteristics 9375 MHz ± 30 MHz 800-3000 Hz 600-3000 Hz 400-2200 Hz 400-1200 Hz Step size programming 50-120 ns 120-300 ns 300-600 ns 600-1000 ns Step size programming Peak Power PRF Stagger - 0% stagger - 2% stagger - 4% stagger - 8% stagger 20 KW, typical Programmable in 8 steps from nominal PRI No staggering From +1.5% to -2% From +3% to -4% From +6% to -8% Noise Figure 4,7 db 33

Pulse sensor ( 25 KW ) for wall mounted installation For the wall mounted pulse radar the System Interface Unit (SIU) is extended by a transceiver module inside the same housing. 34

All parameters are nominal unless specified otherwise. Parameter Frequency Characteristics 9375 MHz ± 30 MHz PRF (internal, excluding stagger) -Short pulse -Medium pulse -Long pulse -Very Long Pulse 800-3000 Hz 600-3000 Hz 400-2200 Hz 400-1200 Hz Step size programming Pulse Width -Short pulse -Medium pulse -Long pulse -Very Long Pulse 50-120 ns 120-300 ns 300-600 ns 600-1000 ns Step size programming Peak Power 20 KW, typical PRF Stagger - 0% stagger - 2% stagger - 4% stagger - 8% stagger Programmable in 8 steps from nominal PRI No staggering From +1.5% to -2% From +3% to -4% From +6% to -8% Noise Figure 4,7 db 35

System Interface Unit (SIU) The pulse radar transceiver for up mast and down mast installation as well as the LPI transceiver are controlled by the System Interface Unit (SIU). The transceiver for wall mounted installation is integrated in the SIU housing; therefore no further equipment is required. 36

All parameters are nominal unless specified otherwise. Parameter Trigger Outputs Number of outputs Amplitude Pulse width Rise time Video Outputs Number of outputs Amplitude DC level or Amplitude DC level ESM Blanking Input TX-Mute Signal Sector Transmission Sector bearing Sector width Resolution Antenna Encoder Interface Rotation Sense Pulses per revolution Format Encoder supply Azimuth Output Number of outputs Rotation Sense Permitted antenna rotation rate Pulses per revolution Pulse widths Format Source drive capability Characteristics 4 + 1 for ESM Blanking 8 V ± 1 V @ 75 Ohm 0.5 µs 30 ns (10-90 %) 4 0 to 5 V ± 1 V @ 75 Ohm 0.5V 0 to 1 V ± 0,2 V @ 50 Ohm 0.1V RS 422 compatible 0-359 ± 3 10-350 ± 3 1 Clockwise 4096 or 8192 ACP s + 1 ARP 2x balanced line, RS-422 + 5VDC, max. 1A, diode protected 4 Clockwise as input 4096 or 8192 ACP s + 1 ARP ACP 10 μs ARP 10 μs but less than ACP width 2x balanced line, RS-422 130 nom. 37

PHOENICE Radar Imaging & Data Server Radar video to LAN conversation The return of each emitted pulse from the transceiver (the sweep) is sampled and processed as a function of time. Each is converted to an 8 bit signal and transferred together with information on radar cell size and own unit data. The sweeps are collected into radar video packages which are formatted and if necessary compressed with a lossless algorithm by the Radar Imaging & Data Server (RDS) in preparation for transmission on the LAN. Simultaneously, the uncompressed radar video package is passed on to the tracking line for plot extraction and target tracking. Target tracker Inside the tracking line there are two main functionalities: the extractor and the tracker. The extractor analyses the incoming video, creates plots, and calculates plot properties such as area, intensity, centre of gravity etc. Based on a number of filters, plots are selected to be used for track initiation or track maintenance. The plot filters include selection criteria on video level, plot area, plot intensity, and a comparison with the actual clutter environment. Plots, which are passed on to the tracker, can be made available as output data if required. Aids to navigation e.g. buoys (reference tracks) are tracked using specially adapted algorithms. The interface to the tracker allows the operator to initiate a track manually, to delete an existing track and to move a track to a new position (manual guidance of a track). Manually as well as automatically initiated tracks are updated automatically. The primary output of the tracking line is target track data and the accompanying status information. 38

Control & monitoring The control of a limited RDS configuration setup is restricted to maintainers and is password protected. Full control of the RDS parameters etc. is available through a password protected application and shall be available to properly trained personnel only. General The RDS hardware shall be supplied with 220 VDC stabilized or 115VAC 1 phase ship s power. The system power supply is of a wide range AC/DC input type. Multi purpose consoles Thales offers several individual solutions for consoles: Large Display Unit (LDU) 39

The Large Display Unit (LDU) is a new developed unit to display all applications of the PHOENICE radar systems. The strategy of the LDU is to host all processors for radar applications. All electronic boards will be in a ruggedized standard format and mounted in a 19 processor rack. Design goal is the use of common CPU board types to ease the spare part requirements for the radar, WECDIS and ECDIS units. The LDU shall provide the power supply and the cooling for all applications. The installation effort and the space requirements shall be reduced significantly in comparison to conventional installation. All cables between the applications remain inside the LDU. Common environmental resistance for EMC, shock, acoustics and climate will be achieved. The LDU contains an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) for power provision without dropouts 1 sec. With the UPS, the LDU complies with STANAG 1008. Compact Multi-Purpose Console The Compact Multi-Purpose Console (CMPC) provides a standard Human Computer Interface (HCI) and electronics for operators to use on radar applications. The design provides modular processing and HCI architectures using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) technology. Use of COTS components and technology has resulted in an innovative and affordable CMPC product without comprising ruggedization and functionality. 40

Pressure tight Bridge Display & Video Switch & Pressure tight TrackBall Pressure tight Bridge Display Thales Defence & Security Systems offers a Pressure tight Bridge Display (PBD), which is designed to operate the radar system and to present the video on the bridge of the submarine. The display does not need to be removed before the diving; it remains on the bridge during submerged condition. Different features can be utilized and controlled via the Pressure tight TrackBall (PTB) which stays on the bridge during the diving as well. Therefore the whole functionality of the radar subsystem is available for the operator on the bridge. The PBD is fed by 4 video channels which are addressed via the Auxiliary Video Switch (AVS). The PBD operates as a slave monitor. The connection between PBD and the Combat Information Centre (CIC) is realized by pressure tight cables, connectors and hull penetrations. 41

The concept of the PBD is to keep the so called intelligence, such as Radar Display Processor, (W)ECDIS Processor, inside the pressure hull of the submarine, where maintenance and updates of soft & hardware can easily be done. There are different solutions for the equipment of the bridge with a Pressure tight Bridge Display. Depending on application or customer request one or two PBD17 could be installed. These come with a 17 sized display; the overall width of the unit does allow an installation of up to two devices which can be operated independently of each other on the bridge of submarines. It is possible to choose a PBD19 as an alternative to the PBD17. This Pressure tight Bridge Display comes with a 19 sized display and therefore provides the maximum degree of ergonomics for a safe navigation and tactical planning and supports the IMO requirements. As well the PBD17 as the PBD19 can be operated easily and intuitively via a Pressure tight TrackBall which is mounted laterally to the equipment and also remains there during an under water mission. As an option both Pressure tight Bridge Displays can additionally be operated via a Portable KeyBoard (PKB). PBD17 - Dual screen configuration 42

All parameters are nominal unless specified otherwise. Parameter Type and Size Power Supply Power Consumption (Screen & Heater) Dimensions (H*W*D) Weight Max. Cable Length Pressure tightness Characteristics TFT panel 17 diagonal measurement Resolution min. 1280 x 1024 24 V DC 300 W 495 x 435 x 169 mm +/- 5 mm 69 kg +/- 5% 30 m 50 bar 43

Pressure tight TrackBall (PTB) The Pressure tight TrackBall (PTB) is clamped on the housing structure of the Pressure tight Bridge Display and allows the operation of the displayed software even with gloves. The communication between the PTB and the display is realized by IrDA short distance transmission. The Pressure tight TrackBall is driven by a set of two AA batteries which allows a continuously operation of app. 40h. A power safe mode prolongs the total time between the battery changes. All parameters are nominal unless specified otherwise. Parameter Type Power Supply Operating time Dimensions (H*W*D) Weight Characteristics IrDA 3 button trackball 3V DC by AA size battery 40h 150 x 115 x 135 mm +/- 5 mm 8kg +/- 5% 44

Auxiliary Video Switch (AVS) Thales provides an Auxiliary Video Switch (AVS) which allows the PBD to display one of four auxiliary video sources. The switch is designed for CIC integration, so that VGA outputs from different computers, such like Radar, ECDIS, ESM, and Control Monitors etc. can easily be adapted. The AVS forwards only the selected video channel to the bridge display. In the opposite direction the mouse information is taken from the PTB, fed via the AVS to the connected computer in the CIC. The AVS contains the 24V DC power supply for the PBD, which can be switched on/off by the AVS keypad. All parameters are nominal unless specified otherwise. Parameter Type Video Switch Mouse Switch Processor Module Power Supply Power Consumption Dimensions (H*W*D) Weight Characteristics Auxiliary Video Switch (Vers. 2.0) 1 of 4 (VGA) 1 to 4 ETX board 115V DC 300 W 261 x 330 x 208 mm +/- 5 mm 13 kg 45

PHOENICE RADAR SYSTEM - TECHNICAL DATA All parameters are nominal unless specified otherwise. Parameter Rotation sense: Turning Rate: Characteristics Clockwise 7 to max. 45 RPM 20 RPM is required for good ARPA performance Max. rate of ship s turn: Max. Range Scale LPI Mode: Max. Number of Target Tracks: Max. Number of AIS Tracks Tracking Range: 720 / min. 24NM 200 100 0,1NM to 24NM Accuracy Bearing Range 1 1% of range in use, or 30m, whichever is greater. Interfaces External Antenna azimuth input ARP/ACP two serial interfaces for ship s data RX Data Ship s heading Ship s speed Search periscope bearing Optronic periscope bearing GPS data Mast status Antenna drive status 46

Parameter Characteristics - Run/Stop - Homing position - 12 or 24 RPM TX Data Track data Own ship data Pointer position data (reference) Antenna drive controls (PRIMOSS) - Run/Stop - Speed selection (12/24 RPM) Two 10/100Mbit ethernet for remote control 47

48

CONTACT General Information This document carries proprietary information which shall not be used for other purposes than those for which it has been released nor reproduced or disclosed to third parties without the prior written consent of Thales Defence & Security Systems GmbH. The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Updates may be issued correcting errors or product changes. Contact Postal address Thales Defence & Security Systems GmbH P.O.Box 7051 Edisonstrasse 3 D-24710 Kiel D-24145 Kiel Germany Germany Phone: +49-(0)431 / 7109-0 Fax: +49-(0)431 / 7109-453 E-mail: phoenice@thalesgroup.com www.thalesgroup.com/germany Technical contact Oliver Schohl; Program Manager Phone: +49-(0)431 / 7109-400 Fax: +49-(0)431 / 7009-466 E-mail: oliver.schohl@thalesgroup.com Commercial contact Edition: Jan 2011 (V15) Frank Weber; Sales Manager Phone: +49-(0)431 / 7109-240 Fax: +49-(0)431 / 7109-510 E-mail: frank.weber@thalesgroup.com 49

Contact us for more information. Welcome to Thales Defence & Security Systems GmbH. www.thalesgroup.com/germany