POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS 2002

THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS 2002 ENUMERATORS MANUAL FOR LONG QUESTIONNAIRE

[p. 1] Part one: INTRODUCTION 1.1 POPULATION CENSUS AND ITS IMPORTANCE Population census is an act of counting all people in the country and collecting other information about them. National Bureau of Statistics, in the ministry of Planning and Privatization, deals with the national plan to count people in August, 2002. The objective of population census is to get the total number of residents in the country and how they are distributed in different areas, including administrative boundaries. Other objectives of population census are to obtain information about the life of residents and their housing conditions as seen in the questionnaire used in the census. Implementation of activities involved in counting people is important to the Tanzanian nation. Results of population census enable us to get the real situation of the country s population. Therefore, these results are a foundation of economic and social development planning such as education, health, etc. A few examples are explained below. - Age statistics, will show the relationship between the children who have reached the age to start school and those who have not yet reached; those involved in production and those who provide services; disabled and elderly people who need assistance from the government and private donors in order to survive. These statistics are also important in planning services to women and children, schools and teachers, improving health services, working environment and seeking for strategies and techniques to improve the living standards of the population. - Education standards statistics, the highest grade attained will show the relationship between the literate and the illiterate, those with different education levels, the children in schools and those who are supposed to be in school according to their age, etc. These statistics are a major input in formation of education plans in order to strengthen efforts to eliminate poverty, ignorance and disease. - Economic statistics, will show the ratio between those who deal with production of goods and the other types of employment in a country. This will help in development planning aimed at improving workers skills, provision of employment opportunities to the youth, to improve production of goods and planning standard life for all people. - Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 1

[p. 2] - Statistics of life births and those who are still alive, and still births, will show the maternity conditions and maternal mortality in the country. These statistics will show the increase in population and enable estimates of the population in the coming years nationally, regionally and in district level. This enables development planning to be done accurately. - Statistics from the census help in evaluation of health services to women and children and the causes of maternal problems. Although many important issues related to census can be explained here, it is hard to explain in depth. In general statistics from population census is vital in formulating plans involving economic, administrative and social services in order to improve the standard of living of the nation. Therefore all those involved in the census must be aware that by proper implementation of their duties and obtaining the correct statistics, they will be helping the nation and Tanzanians in general. 1.2 OBJECTIVES OF POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS 2002 The objectives of census are divided into two main categories; Statistical and Administrative STATISTICAL OBJECTIVES: Establishing the current status Census will provide statistics on the economic status and social development, basing on the changes that will be observed in the census compared with the population census of 1988,like the increase and distribution of people by age, sex and extra. Preparation of development plans It is understood, population census provides statistics that enables measuring the level of development reached in order to establish future policies and development plans. Therefore, The 2002 population census will provide, together with other uses, statistics that will be used to measure the level of development reached and planning for future development plans Establish bases that will help in decision making Government Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs), Non-governmental organizations, business community, researchers and individuals, use census data as bases of improvement and expansion of their activities. Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 2

For example, The Ministry of health would like to expand health services to women and children, together with educating people on environmental preservation in areas that census results show high death rate. [p.3] Obtaining small areas statistics The 2002 population and housing census will provide important statistics about rural and urban areas. Also, Districts will get statistics on people, their economic status and social development in order to prepare their development plans. To give guidelines and bases of research Census results will provide important statistics that will be used in analyzing current changes on population distribution by age, distribution and population increase in the country. This will indicate areas that are in need of in-depth research in order to know the cause of the current situation. ADMINISTRATIVE OBJECTIVES Sample formation Establishment of strong bases of sample that will enable undertaking of different researches between one census and another and other statistical plans. Census results will provide important statistics that will help in preparing base samples that will be used in conducting standard researches To establish a base to run census in the future Tanzania has successfully conducted three censuses since independence. And these censuses are now used in preparing and improving future censuses. 1.3 THE STATISTICS ACT ENABLING UNDERTAKING OF THE CENSUS The act enabling the running of population and housing census together with all the questions asked during the census were released by presidential order. This act is provided in line with statistical ordinance Act Cap 443 of 1961. From the existing acts, all the information about people obtained during the census will be confidential and are to be used for statistical purposes only. Therefore all those involved in the process must maintain confidentiality of people s personal information. According to the act all those involved in counting people must take on oath of confidentiality before starting the job. Severe punishment will be given to one who violates this law. By the law, all people in the country are obliged to give correct information and answer correctly the questions asked during the census. If there will be any problem resulting from this matter, the census enumerators must see the superiors or the leaders of that area immediately for help. Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 3

[p.4] 1.4 STRUCTURE OF THE CENSUS Properly prepared plans are vital for the census to succeed. Together with the necessity of proper planning, all procedures must be compared with the structure an administrative procedures in the country. This is important because it ensures that human, natural and other resources are used carefully according to the current schedule and to ensure everything is done as planned and at the right time. Population and housing census 0f 2002, uses the government structure by organizing the census leadership in district and regional levels. In the national level, there is the central census committee whose members are ministers from different ministries are involved in the activities of census. The chairman of this committee is the Prime Minister. Other committees at the national level are the National Advisory Committee and the Census Technical Committee. In the regional level, there are Regional and District Census Committees in which the chairmen are Regional Commissioner and District Commissioner of the respective districts. The main functions of these committees are:- To supervise the census activities in their areas. To give advice in the implementation of different census activities To publicize the census educating the public about census and the activities involved. Central census office, under the leadership of commissioner of population and housing census of 2002, has the responsibility to supervise all census activities. It also has the responsibility to acquire and distribute training equipments to all census employees. The supervision of census activities in the regional and district level is in the hands of regional census coordinators and census district authorities. These officers supervise the census activities properly in their areas although the central census office inspects recurrently. On the other hand, members of the parliament from all political parties, religious leaders, journalists and major business people are responsible to educate and inform the public about census through different administrative levels, to household level (which is the smallest level). For example local government street authorities and hamlet leaders are supposed to guide the census enumerators and take them to households within their area. This will help in ensuring that the census enumerators get full cooperation from the people to be counted. 1.5 RESPONSIBILITIES OF CENSUS ENUMERATOR As a census enumerator, you are the main actor in the census enumeration. Make sure that, you get complete and accurate response, note them down and shade the relevant space correctly. The quality of your work will facilitate the acquirement of proper statistical data [p.5] Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 4

In this situation, it is an important issue to an enumerator to strictly follow all working instructions issued by the central census office. The supervisor will communicate with the enumerator frequently. He will provide you with equipments and instructions; He will supervise and collect your work; and search for solutions of the problems that you will face as you implement your responsibilities. Make sure, you communicate with the supervisor all the time. The supervision of the enumerating work is an important and indeed a must in any census that is aim in accumulating accurate and certain statistics. 1.6 EQUIPMENT TO BE USED IN THE CENSUS Important equipment which is the core of the entire census is census questionnaire (list of questions). One is supposed to understand all the questions in the questionnaire together with the instructions you will be given concerning the job. You will be given questionnaires for your assigned area according to the estimates of the population in that area. Even though, you should make sure that the questionnaires will be enough for the job. Contact your supervisor when you realize that the questionnaires will not be enough for completion of the census in that area. Together with questionnaires, one must also have the following equipments: A copy of a map of your assigned area (EA map) which will have directions of boundaries of the area. A copy of instructions to the census enumerator a long list of questions A copy of major events of your assigned district. A copy of major national events. A copy of list of names of hamlets chairmen if available. In some areas a list of household leaders will be provided (form EA2). Two copies of sheets/papers (Form EA2) for corrections of the list of hamlets chairmen and household leaders. Oath of confidentiality Special bags for carrying questionnaires (bags that don t allow water to penetrate) Pencil, type 2HB A blue ink pen Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 5

[p.6] Note book Writing board (if the bags for carrying questionnaires do not have boards) File White chalk (five pieces) Eraser sharpener Every census enumerator must ensure that he/she has this equipment. It is stressed that this equipment is to be used as directed below. 1.6.1 Notebook This is one of the important equipments for census. On the cover of the notebook write your name, names and codes of your area of counting people, meaning the region, district, ward and village or street (identification of your assigned Enumeration Area (EA)). Use the first four pages to write your schedule (see part 2.4). The remaining part of the notebook should be used as follows: if you will have to go back to households to count the people who were not around during the first counting, write their names and addresses and when you are supposed to go back. Write instructions about your job of counting people, such as questions which you need help of the supervisor, etc. 1.6.2 File Write on top of the file your name together with the names and codes of the region, district, ward and village or street. Use the file to keep the map of your area, list of household leaders (if available), the instruction book to census enumerators and calendar of important national events and of your district (if available). Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 6

[p.7] Part two: PREPARATIONS BEFORE THE CENSUS DAY 2.1 CENSUS ENUMERATORS TRAINING A few days before the census day, census enumerators will be trained. These trainings given by trainers, who are well educated, will be held at the district headquarters and will be in two levels. The first level involves the supervisors and the enumerators who use long questionnaires (one with a long list of questions). The trainings will take 10 days. The second level, will involve enumerators who will use short questionnaires (one with a short list of questions), which will take 8 days. Trainings for both groups will be completed not less than 3 days before the census day in order to enable the enumerators and supervisors to reach in their areas early. 2.2 OATH OF CONFIDENTIALITY Every census enumerator and supervisor must take the oath of confidentiality before starting the job. As explained before, according to the established acts, the information provided by the respondents during census are confidential and are to be used for statistical purposes only. Therefore, census enumerators and their supervisors and all census officers must not disclose the information provided by people during the census. Strong punishment will be given to one that will violate this law/act. 2.3 MEETING WITH THE LEADERS AND INSPECTING BOUNDARIES OF THE ENUMERATION AREA (EA) You are supposed to be at your area 3 days before the census day. Use those days to do the following: Meet with the heads of wards and streets/village; educate them in short about the activities involved in the census. In the areas where a list of household leaders is available, ask those leaders the number of households in their area in order to verify that the list of households you have is correct. If it is incorrect, correct it. Remember that the objectives of this list are to make sure that in counting people every household is counted. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the list in order to verify the list before the census day. In the areas where a list of households is available, show the leaders that map for them to help you with boundaries and the keys in the map. Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 7

[p.8] When counting people, you will receive help from village/street chairmen and hamlet leaders as they know all the households in their area, and they will guide you to the households. You will have to inform these leaders of your working schedule so that each will know when they are supposed to help you with your work. Inspect the boundaries of your area in order to compare with the map and the instructions given in the map about the boundaries. If there are any problems concerning the boundaries contacts your colleagues whom you share boundaries with to solve the problem together. If you can t come up with a solution seek further help from your supervisor. If the keys given in the map are not correct, correct them and if the instructions given about boundaries are incorrect, correct them too. 2.4 WORKING SCHEDULE Simplify your work by making a schedule showing the time you will be in each street/ village and other places of your area. After making your schedules contact the village/street chairmen to agree upon the schedule. This schedule is to be written in the notebook in the following order: Census enumerator s working schedule Hamlet/street/village chairman Address Planned time to count people(e.g. 28/9 8:00am-10:00am) Exact time used to count people Remember to correct the instruction about boundaries of your area Read through your schedule everyday and correct it if necessary, then communicate the changes to the village/street chairmen. Ask the village/street chairmen to inform the heads of households about your work; when you will pay them a visit. Ask the chairmen to tell the heads of household to have all information about people who slept in their household the night before the census day. This will simplify your work as you collect information especially if you visit them after the census day. Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 8

[p.9] Use the time you are not working to go around your area especially the boundaries and housing areas in order to know the area better. Part three: ACTIVITIES TO BE DONE DURING CENSUS 3.1 GOING THROUGH HOUSES/HOUSEHOLDS Every census enumerator will move together with the village/street chairman or his representative during the enumeration of the households in the area under that chairman. In Zanzibar you will move together with the ward (shehia) head(sheha). Objective of following the schedule is to avoid making enumeration errors such as counting more than once or not enumerating someone. Immediately when you are through with household enumeration under one chairman or representative, (or even ten cell leader in areas which still have them),the respective chairman/representative will hand over the work to another chairman or representative to continue. For those areas that the list of household heads(ea2 Form) is available, use that list of names of village/street/sheha chairmen(or representatives if available) and household heads that are in your area of enumeration and put a mark that shows that the particular household has been enumerated. After completing the enumeration in a household, put a V mark using a chalk on the door of that house to indicate that the household has been enumerated. 3.2 WHO SHOULD BE ENUMERATED? Everyone who slept in that household that night before the census day should be counted. The census night is a Saturday night, 24th August, 2002, before Sunday, 25th August 2002.This means that all those who slept in that household should be enumerated as members of that household although they only slept there the night before Sunday, 25th august, 2002. With population census objectives, A household is the total number of people who live and eat together (that is; are a team in acquiring their daily needs).normally it is father, mother and children. [p. 10] Other relatives, visitors and servants should be enumerated as members of that household if they slept in the respective household the night before the census day. Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 9

If someone is living and eating alone, then, he should be enumerated as one man s household even if he is living in a house that other people live. If a household is living in more than one house it will be enumerated as one household, as long as they should be living and eating together without basing on how far apart the houses are. It is understood that those that we enumerate are the ones sleeping in the household and not in the house. Normally household mentioned above are known as individual households. Also communal households. These are households of people living together like; camps, schools, universities, hospitals, hotels and other places that are alike. The following are people to be enumerated during census: Everyone who slept at a particular household the day before the census day. All those who didn t sleep in the particular household the night before the census but they went cultivating, fishing, hunting, grazing or working night shifts,those who slept at a neighbor s funeral. Visitors and servants who slept in the particular household the day before the census day. All those in communal households, like hotels, prisons, dormitories, hospitals and those who slept in those communal households the night before the census day. All those without permanent residents or those who migrate frequently, who slept in the country the night before the census night. All those who slept in the country the night before census, but due to their activities they are forced to migrate daily to other countries to work. All those who are not citizens but live in the country and slept in the country the night before the census day. Travelers in boats, cars, airplanes, trains, etc,who were in the country the night before the census day without considering that these means of transport belong to these country or are from abroad. All those who died the night before the census day. [p. 11] On the other hand there are groups that should not be enumerated, and these are: Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 10

Ambassadors and their families who represent their countries or the united nations in Tanzania. Soldiers from abroad that are in the country. New born babies born after the night before the census day. All those who died before the night before the census day. People living outside the country but due to their working activities go through boundaries and come in the country to work daily and going back in their country in the evening. All Tanzanians who are abroad and who did not sleep in the country the night before the census day. 3.3 HOW TO ENUMERATE DIFFERENT GROUPS The main objective of population and housing census is to enumerate everyone once and make sure that no one is left out un-enumerated. A household is used as instrument that brings people together and everyone must be under one household. In a situation like this, there is an advantage of identifying different groups of households and the environment that you will find those groups during enumeration. In a normal situation, people will be found in one of the following situations: Private households Communal households Migrants People without permanent residents(e.g. the homeless) Travelers(those that on the night before census were in means of transport) 3.3.1 Private Households When you re in a private household, list down everyone who slept in that particular household the night before the census day. Start listing down by writing the households heads name. Make sure that everyone who slept in that household the night before the census night is enumerated. Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 11

In order to be sure that every person who slept in the household the night before the census is listed, read all the names listed and ask if there is any person left out or if there is any person who shouldn t be in that list but is listed. Do not forget to list those people who slept in that household the night before census but left before you arrived for enumeration in that household. [P. 12] 3.3.2 COLLECTIVE HOUSEHOLDS All the people who slept in collective households the night before the census day are ought to be enumerated. Collective household include; boarding schools, hospitals, prisons, camps and other households of that type. Meet with the leader of that area to guide you in counting people in that society. You should remember that all people who are only employees in that collective household but they live in their private households, should be counted in their private households and not in the collective household. 3.3.3 NOMADS These are people who are not settled in one specific area. Such people do not live in one place for a long period, instead they move from time to time. Normally such people are fishermen, pastoralists and those of that kind, who will migrate in order to get fields to graze their animals and areas where they expect to get more fish. As soon as you arrive in your area for enumeration, you must meet the leaders of that area and ask them to inform you about the presence of nomads so that you can count them. 3.3.4 THE HOMELESS These are people who do not live in houses so they cannot be counted in any household. These people sleep anywhere be it a market area, train station, bus station or any other open spaces or ones of that type. This group is very hard to enumerate especially if the work of enumerating these people will be done in the afternoon. This means that the work of enumerating these people shouldn t be done in the afternoon. Therefore, every enumerator must research about the presence such people in their area and should contact the leaders to know how to enumerate such people. Such people are to be counted in late night, the night before census day. This work will be done by special census enumerators who will be appointed for the job with the help of leaders of that area. This group will be categorized as EA no 988 and the household number will start from 951 onwards. For example, if EA 988 will have two different groups of that kind, EA number will remain to be 998 and household number for the first group will be 951 and for the second group 951. [p. 13] Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 12

3.3.5 TRAVELERS This is another group which is difficult to enumerate. These are people who will be travelling the night before census day, meanig they will be in means of transport such as buses, trains, aeroplane, ships, etc,these people will be enumerated in the departure terminal or arrival terminals. Special census enumerators will be at these terminals( bus terminals,airports,train station, habours, etc.) to enumerate these travelers.after they have been enumerated, these travelers will be given special cards to show that they have already been enumerated. This group as the one of the homeless wil be included under EA number 988 and household number will start from 951 onwards. 3.4 WHO SHOULD BE INTERVIEWED Normally in census, one of the issues that must be decided early on is the order that should be used during the enumeration. There are two ways that can be used in enumerating people.the first way is by interviewing all those who will have slept in the household the night before census day. The second way is where by one elder person in the household answering questions on behalf of the household. Although both ways are to be used in order to save time, if possible it is advised to interview every person in the household in order to get accurate answers. When it is impossible to question every person in the household you may request another member of the household to answer on behalf of the ones not present. Sometimes you may not find the members of the household at home. When that happens you must make plans to go back to that household to question them. If you cannot get hold of the household members, communicate with your supervisor for help. Questions to be asked to women of 12 years old and above must be asked to the corresponding women and not any other person. 3.5 ENUMERATION PERIOD Normally the work of enumerating is to be done in a day. There is a possibility of taking more than a day since this work is massive. Therefore, it is better if the work of enumerating is complete within 7 days. According to the types of questionnaires used, there is a possibility of exceeding 7 days in enumeration. The work of enumerating will start late night, the night before Sunday 25 th August 2002. The objective of setting a specific time period for enumerating is to ensure that all people who slept in the household the night before census day and left early are not left out in the enumeration. There is a high possibility of forgetting the people who slept in the household the night before census day if many days have passed, as a result some people will not be counted. There is also a possibility of forgetting important information about the people who slept in the household that night. Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 13

Note: the main objective of census is to ensure that every person who slept in the country the night before census day is enumerated only once. [p. 14] 3.6 HOW TO INTERVIEW PEOPLE Interviewing is one of the ways to obtain information from a person by asking questions. An interview differs from a normal conversation in the following way: In an interview usually people are not familiar with each other. Therefore, one of the important things is to try your level best to get to know the respondent and make sure he/she has no worries; make them feel free to talk to you and answer the census questions without doubts. Remember that your first appearance and the way you first present yourself is very important, because these will influence the respondent and help them answer the census questions without doubts. Therefore, the first thing is to make sure you are acceptable to the respondent and other people in your enumeration area. To be accepted you must also be free, dress smartly and decent and behave in a respectable way to all people in your enumeration area. Village/street/hamlet chairmen will be there to help you with your work. When you meet with the one you are interviewing, the first thing you re supposed to do is to greet him/her and introduce yourself; mention your name, where you work and what you want from the respondent. In this stage you must inform him/her that the information received from him/her is confidential and will remain a secret between the two of you. Inform them that no individual name will be used, all information received are used to form a collective report. Show your job identification card if the respondent wants to see it. Unlike normal conversations, in an interview one person only asks the questions and the other one answers. Do not try to express your personal opinion. Don t ever try to show your anger upon the replies of the respondent. Never try to either disagree or reject the answers of the respondent. Try not to lean on any side at all times. [p. 15] However, it is important to show that you are listening to the respondent s answers by using words such as ehee alaa or yes. If the respondent hesitates in answering questions try to persuade him/her by reminding that the information she/he is providing is confidential. Do not force the respondent to answer questions if they completely refuse to answer. Remember that the respondent should not be forced to answer questions Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 14

If the respondent does not want to answer the questions asked, then try to ask your supervisor or the village/street/hamlet chairman to help you educate him/her about the importance of answering the questions. In asking census questions, there is a specific order that must be followed. It is a must to follow this order and always make sure that you manage the interview situations. This means you must create situations where the respondent will be willing to cooperate throughout the interview. If the respondent will give answers which do not relate to the questions asked or is giving too much information which is irrelevant for your work, do not try to stop or seize with anger; listen until she/he finishes then try to slowly return to the questions intended. According to the established statistics laws, the information collected during numeration is confidential and is to be used for statistical purposes only. Therefore, every census enumerator, supervisor and other officers must not disclose this information. Strong punishment will be given to anyone who will violate this law. By the law, all residents are ought to provide correct information and answer all questions asked during the census. If there will arise any problem concerning this, you must report to the representative of that area or your supervisor immediately for help. 3.7 HOW TO ASK QUESTIONS [p. 16] Words to use when asking questions: it is important that all questions are to be asked exactly as written in the questionnaire. There are two reasons causing the emphasis on this. First all questions are carefully written. Changing the arrangement of words in the questions may change the meaning of the question; as a result you get a different answer or an invalid one. Second, changing the arrangement of words in the question may also change the question from the neutral state of not basing on any side hence affecting the answer given by the respondent. Repeating questions: Interviewing does not only mean reading the questions and writing the answers. The question asked to the respondent may not yield the appropriate answers immediately. The respondent may give an incomplete answer, unsatisfactory or refuse to answer the question because of not understanding the questions or the whole situation in general. Whatever the case, before you ask the question in another approach or give more explanations or ask other questions, repeat Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 15

the question slowly and in a correct form to get the appropriate answer. If until then you are still not getting the answers you expect, then you may try to give more explanation and put it in plain words by following the order explained below. Explaining the question or asking by using other words: at times it may happen that the respondent is having trouble in understanding a certain question. When that happens, you are to ask the question in another manner. This will be done when it has been established that the respondent has failed to understand the question even after repeating the question slowly and in a correct form. However you must be very careful when asking the question in another manner so that you don t change the meaning of the question. When you arrive at a household, must be self-confident and assure the respondent that the information received will be confidential. All this is to make the respondent answer the questions asked. In a household, you must ask to meet with the head of the household, if not present then ask for someone else who is in charge. For census purposes, head of a household is any adult who is mentally fit and all the members of the household recognize him/her as the head of the household. When you complete interviewing people of that household, do not forget to thank them for their cooperation and say goodbye. 3.8 COMMUNICATION WITH THE SUPERVISOR The success of the census is dependent on accurate enumeration. This means that the work of enumerating is the hub of the census. The quality of this work will reveal the quality of the entire census. Therefore it is important that the ones employed to do the work of enumerating follow all the instructions and orders set. The supervisor will contact you at any time. The supervisor is the one to give you instructions and equipment. He/she will collect the report and inspect it and be ready to help you with your work and in solving different problems that will arise in implementing your duties. Therefore, it will leave you no choice but to communicate frequently with your supervisor. This is as a result of the truth that, supervision in work is a very important part and a must in any exercise that has objectives of getting accurate statistics. [p. 17] 3.9 THOSE THAT REFUSE TO BE INTERVIEWED Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 16

If you happen to meet a person or people in a household that refuse to be enumerated, keep on convincing them so that they can be enumerated. Try to explain to that person or those people all over again the importance of census in making development plans. Make the respondent aware that this census work has nothing to do with any other issue, For example, development tax or any other issue more than obtaining accurate statistics that will help in preparing development plans. Remind the person you re interviewing that according to the country s law, Information given by any one in census is a secret and will only be used for statistical purposes. If that person is still refusing to be enumerated, then, report that information to your work supervisor and leaders of the particular area so that they can help you get a solution. 3.10 RETURNING TO HOUSEHOLDS There will be times that you will be forced to return to a household so that you can be able to complete your interview in that household. for the first This will be the case where there will be no one in the household or information of one person or another were not obtained when you visited that household time. When such a situation occur, communicate with family/neighbors/friends so that you can be aware of the time that you will find the people of that particular household and complete your interview. In order to simplify your work and so that you don t forget, write the time you are expecting to visit them in your note book and leave behind a message so when you go for enumeration they will be present. It should be remembered that returning to most households so as to complete your interviews is time wasting and very expensive. For that reason then, try your level best to avoid returning to households. If it is totally impossible getting hold of the people of a particular household, you have no choice but to communicate with your supervisor for a solution. [p. 18] Part Four: HOW TO FILL A QUESTIONAIRE 4.1 IMPORNTANT THINGS TO REMEMR WHEN FILLING A QUESTIONAIRE Write and shade on the questionnaire personally.remember and realize that the information you are collecting is a secret, so you must keep that secret. Cleanly store the questionnaire, and fill it correctly in capital letters and a readable handwriting. In all blanks needed to be shaded, shade in a way that can be seen clearly. Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 17

Make sure you use a 2HB pencil that you were given to fill and shade the questionnaire. Use a new questionnaire whenever you re interviewing a new household. When filling the questionnaire, fill one person s information in one row. If you make a mistake when you are filling a questionnaire erase using the rubber that you were given and correct. When you are erasing, make sure that you don t make the questionnaire dirty because if the questionnaire is dirty it will not be read by the scanner The number of questionnaire that will be used to list down the members of the household will depend of the number of members present in that household. If you will use more than one questionnaire in listing down members of the household, make sure that the introduction part of all questionnaires is filled and all the codes in the introduction are the same from regional, district, household/shehia, enumeration area(ea) and household number. For example, if there are 10 people who slept in the household the night before the census, list down six members of the household in one questionnaire and number it as 001 and the remaining four list them down in another questionnaire and it will be numbered 002 4.2 TIMETABLE TO BE FOLLOWED DURING ENUMERATION Immediately when you arrive at a household, greet the members of the household and introduce yourself by explaining the purpose of your visit. Mostly you will move along with the village/hamlet/street, Shehia chairman or any leader who is responsible so that He can introduce you to households of his area. [p. 19] Ask for household head. If he is not around communicate with the person who is in charge. With census objectives, The head of a household is he that is identified with the members of the household as the household head and he can either be a man or woman. Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 18

When enumerating people in a collective household(institution) in which the household members are patients, prisoners or any other people living collectively or camp, then communicate with the head of that the institution so that he can help in getting information of members of his household. Explain that you need to acquire personal information of everyone present in the household the night before the census day. List down everyone in that household who Is supposed to be enumerated in the following order: a) Head of household b) Relatives living in that household who slept in the household the night before the census day. A domestic servant should be enumerated as one of the relative if he/she slept in the household the night before census day. c) Relatives living in the household, but they did not sleep in the household the night before the census day because they were at work, hunting or fishing, a neighbor s funeral and extra. d) Visitors who slept in the household the night before the census day When you complete listing everyone who slept in the particular household the night before the census day, read to them the names you have listed down so that all together you can make sure that everyone who is supposed to be listed down is on the list. Add to the list, names of all those who were supposed to have been on the list but were not listed. Remember to ask if there are infants, very old people or disabled that were forgotten in the listing. Also, remember that you should also erase names of those who would have not slept in the household the night before the census day. [p. 20] To simplify the work, when listing down the names also fill their sex and relationship with the head of the household. These three questions are closely related and by doing so you will have simplified your work reasonably. After listing the names, shade the codes of the relationship of every listed person with the head of the household and their sex. Start asking the head of the household her/his remaining questions. After interviewing the head of the household continue interviewing the next person in your list the questions that are relevant to her/ him. Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 19

For all questions, you are supposed to shade in the codes provided according to the personal information given by the respondent. The instructions about these codes are provided in the questionnaire and instructions to enumerators manual. Therefore, for every answer given look for codes for that question and write/shade in code which matches the answer given in the respective space Make sure that you are careful when filling codes in questionnaires because if you make a mistake it will be difficult to get the correct statistics and the results given after analysis of these statistics will be incorrect therefore distorting the truth about the real situation. 4.3 INFORMATION ABOUT QUESTIONS The 2002 population and housing census will use two types of questionnaires (long questionnaire with 37 questions and short questionnaire with 8 questions). You will use the long questionnaires which the instructions are as follows: General questions (B): these are questions that must be answered by every person. Questions on Education for persons of age 5 and above (C): together with the general questions, those of age 5 and above are supposed to answer all questions in part (C). For those of age below 5 years should be asked these questions. Questions about economic activities for those of age 5 and above (D): all persons of age five and above are to answer all questions in part (D). [p. 21] These questions will be asked after the questions in part (B) and (C) are answered. For those of age under 5 the interview will end in part (B). Questions on birth history for women of age 12 and above (E) these are questions concerning births and are for women with the age of 12 years and above. These questions are used to get the number of live births by these women in the period when they are fertile. It is well understood that men of any age can never give birth; it is only possible with women. Though it has happened that a girl below age 12 gave birth but for census objectives these questions are to be asked to women of age 12 and above. Questions about deaths (F): questions about deaths will be answered by the head of the household or any other person, who will answer on behalf of the head of the household and include the deaths which occurred in that household in the past twelve months, from 23 rd August, 2001 to 24 th August, 2002. Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 20

Housing conditions questions (G): the head of the household is one to answer these questions. These questions are about the material used to build the house, services in the household such as water supply, toilet, electricity and the number of bedrooms used in that household. Total number of people (H): after finishing the work of listing the members of the household and filling the information in the questionnaires, write in the space provided the number of men and women listed in that household and later sum them up to get the total number of people enumerated in that household. Make sure that you shade in the questionnaire after writing the total number of people. 4.3.1 Long questionnaire This questionnaire is divided into 8 main parts which are: A. IDENTIFICTION This part contains the following: Two spaces for regional[mkoa] code Two spaces for district[wilaya] code Three spaces for ward[kata] code Three spaces for enumeration area code Three spaces for writing household number Three spaces for writing questionnaires number [p.22] Codes to be written in the Identification part are for that specific area only. All this will be provided in the enumeration area map (EA map) of your area and in the list of household heads (if available), also that of village/hamlet/street [kijiji/kitongoji/mtaa] chairmen. Therefore, you are supposed to transfer the codes from the map or list of household heads (if available), write and shade the space provided. Every household in your enumeration area must be given a different number as follows: Every private household must be given a number from 001 onwards. These numbers should be written and shade in the space provided. The first private household to be enumerated will be numbered 001, the second 002 the third 003 and so on. For collective households, the numbers should start from 951, the second number 952, the third number 953 and so on. Questionnaire numbers will start from 001 onwards depending on the number of people in the household. Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 21

Every household that you will list must start with a new questionnaire. If the household is large that it needs more than one questionnaire, the second questionnaire will be numbered 002 and the third 003 and so on. Once you start enumerating a new household you must start with a new questionnaire which you will number 001. [p.23] For example, if you go to a household where 23 people slept in the night before the census day. Since only six people can be listed in a questionnaire, it will be necessary to fill four questionnaires. The first questionnaire will be numbered 001, the second 002, the third 003 and the forth 004. When you go to the next household the first questionnaire you will use will have household number 002 and questionnaire number 001 not 005. If there is no collective household in your area the household number of the last household will be the total number of households in that area. B. Questions for all the people This part involves all people who slept in the household the night before census day. The questions in this part are also found in the short questionnaire. The questions in this part must be asked to every person following the order set. You must follow the flow of questions as arranged and read the question as written in the questionnaire. For more explanation, refer explanations in part 3.7 (how to ask questions). Part B of the questionnaire contains the following questions: QUESTION 1-4: NUMBER OF THE HOUSEHOLD, NAME, RELATONSHIP AND GENDER The first step in filling this part is getting the list of all people who slept in the household the night before census day and their relationship to the head of the household. It is better if you list the names in the order explained below to get the real situation of the household. You must list by starting with the head of the household and shade in the space provided, then other members of the household who slept in the household the night before census day. If there are more than six people indicate in the space provided that extra questionnaires are used. After listing all the household members, continue interviewing the head of the household the remaining questions using the first questionnaire. In order for you to get a correct list of all people in the household, you must know the meaning of a household. For census objectives, household is a person or people who live together and eat together. This is not the same as family. A family is for people who are related but household is people who live and eat together, even when they are not related. For example, three people who are not blood related (example friends) but live and eat together; they will be regarded as a household although they are not a family. Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 22

At times it is difficult to know who is to be included in the household and who is to be left out. The following examples elaborate this situation: A man who has two wives who live in different places. Although the man will claim to live in both houses he will be enumerated in the house he slept the night before the census day. It is possible that a woman who said that the husband is the head of the household and later realized that he did not sleep in the house the night before census day though he lives there. If the husband did not sleep in the household the night before census day, he will not be listed in that household. Therefore, the wife will be the head of the household, for census purposes. [p. 24] Sometimes, a person may be eating in one household and sleeping in another. This person will be listed in the household he slept in the night before census day. A person who lives alone will be listed in a private household of his own. A house maid. She/he will be listed in the household she/he slept in the night before census day. Note: every person listed in the household must have slept in that household the night before census day. When the respondent is mentioning the names of members of the household, write those names in column 2 of the census questionnaire; one person s full name in each line. Start with the head of the household, meaning the one who is responsible for the household or the one recognized by the members as the head of the household or the leader of the household. Shade each line on column 1 that matches every member of the household. Start by asking who is the head of the household and then write his/her name in column 2 of the questionnaire. Then ask and list down the names of all the people who slept in the household the night before census day. It is important to list the names in an acceptable order to get the real picture of the household. Start with the name of the head of the household who is either a man or a woman, then the husband or wife, children and later relatives. Then finish with the ones who are not his/her relatives. Most of the time children are forgotten or left out intentionally thinking they are not important. All the people who slept Population and Housing Census, August 2002 Page 23