Roofing Training - Basics Sandy Wesch
Tools Hammer Measuring Tape Chalk Line & Chalk Speed Square Framing Square Utility Knife Metal Snips Extension Ladder(s) 2
Safety Any tools or material up on the roof must be secured with nails or cleats or in a tool belt Volunteers may not wear leather-soled or slick-soled shoes on the roof; soft-soled shoes are recommended Lift with your legs not your back a bundle of shingles weighs 60 to 80 pounds Handle metal flashing carefully the edges are very sharp 3
Safety Sweep the roof periodically to remove any dirt or loose particles from the shingles warn the people working below At the end of a row do not nail a shingle in place, allowing it to run long, and then lean over to cut flush with the drip edge Remind volunteers not to chase anything Establish a drop zone 4
Safety Extension Ladders Build and secure a proper ladder block Extension ladders should be properly positioned and stable Extension ladders should never be moved if there are people on the roof Ladders should extend at least three rungs above the edge of the roof Figure 8-8 5
Safety HUGS Do not lean against any of the HUGS rails Do not use the HUGS as a foot hold Do not place a ladder next to a HUGS; the ladder should be in center of an 8-foot section Do not lean any material against rail system 6
Section 8.1 Kick Out Flashing Figure 9-2 Figure 8-1 7
Section 8.1 Kick Out Flashing 8
Section 8.1 2 Behind the fascia and under the drip edge 1 Figure 8-2 9
Section 8.2 Drip Edge Drip edge is easiest to install with two people Before installing check that: o Felt paper is not hanging over the edge o There are no button cap nails along the edges, drip edge must lay flat on decking Plan ahead so short pieces (2 feet or less) are not used on long runs 10
Section 8.2 Drip Edge Drip edge is installed under the felt paper along the eaves and over the felt paper on the rakes Bottom of the drip edge is against the fascia, but do not forced Start from the back of the house and work down the eaves, toward the street, Overlap by at least 3 to 4 inches Use a roofing nail every 16 to 18 inches Nail from one end to the other Rake Eave Rake Eave Figure 8-3 11
Section 8.2 Drip Edge Figure 8-6 Figure 8-5 Rake Eave Figure 8-7 12
Section 8.2.2 Drip Edge Corners Figure 8-4 13
Section 8.4 Types of Shingles 3-Tab Architectural 14
Section 8.3 Starter Strip Start strip should overhang drip edge by ½-inch Snap a chalk line at 6⅛ inches from outside edge of drip edge to establish placement line 6⅛ Eave Figure 8-9 6⅛ 15
Section 8.3 Starter Strip Figure 8-11 Butt ends together, no overlap 4 nails per starter strip Do not nail into drip edge Figure 8-10 16
Section 8.4 Nailing Patterns Use four nails for full shingles Use three nails for shingles less than 13 inches Do not nail into the drip edge 3-Tab Architectural Figure 8-14 Figure 8-12 17
Section 8.4 Shingle Placement For the first row of shingles, the bottom edge should align with the starter strip (i.e., overhang the drip edge by ½ inch) Start shingling from the front of the house The side of a shingle should butt up to the one next to it; do not overlap 18
Section 8.4 Other Shingle Rules Last shingle of the row is cut to fit do not nail in place and then cut No cuts should be less than 10 inches Seams should be a minimum of 6 inches apart Minimize walking and standing on shingles do not lay on shingles Have volunteers work from the top side of the shingles to prevent damage 19
Cutting Shingles If using the shingle cutter, cut: o 3-tab rock side down o Architectural shingles rock side up If using a board and knife, cut from the back side 20
Section 8.4.2 3-Tab Shingles First row align bottom of shingle with bottom of starter strip To keep the subsequent rows aligned horizontally, a chalk should be snapped every row 21
Section 8.4.2 3-Tab Shingles Measure and mark every 5 inches from the top of the first row of shingle Mark the roof in at least 3 locations (front, middle, back of house) Figure 8-16 22
Section 8.4.2 3-Tab Shingles Align the first row flush with the starter strip along the eave and rake Create a stagger at the beginning of the row so the seams do not line up Figure 8-18 23
Section 8.4.2 3-Tab Shingles Highlighted to show manufacturer's notches in shingles to mark the center point of tab Figure 8-17 24
Section 8.4.2 3-Tab Shingles Figure 8-19 25
(Rake) 2017 Construction Manual, Section 8.4.1 Architectural Shingles Align the first row flush with the starter strip along the eave and rake Create a stagger at the beginning of the row so the seams do not line up Figure 8-13 Eave 26
Section 8.4.1 Architectural Shingles Alignment Bottom edge of each row of shingles should be placed flush with the top of the cut or ridge of the shingle in the row below Measure every 5 to 6 rows; if the measurements varies by more than ½ inch, snap a chalk line to correct 27
Nailing Line 2017 Construction Manual, Section 8.4 At the Peak or Ridge Shingle until the nailing line (see Slide 17) is within 5 inches of the peak Overlap the peak from both sides of the roof 5 5 28
Section 8.8 Ridge Cap Ridge cap may be cut from 3-tab shingles Shingles along the ridge may need to be cut down lengthwise to fit in one last row before installing the ridge cap On one side of the roof, snap a chalk line 5½ inches down from the peak (ridge line) Figure 8-30 Figure 8-29 29
Section 8.8 Figure 8-31 Ridge Cap Use this line to align the ridge cap Use 2 roofing nails per ridge cap Figure 8-32 30
31 2017 Construction Manual, Section 8.8
Section 8.7 Vent Caps or Boots Plumbing vents or stacks extend through the decking to provide ventilation for mechanical and plumbing systems A PVC boot or vent cap is used to ensure a watertight seal The vent pipes vary in size; be sure to use the correct size Figure 8-28 When possible, avoid having a seam immediately above the boot 32
Section 8.7 Vent Cap or Boot If the bottom edge of the boot is above the nailing line, the shingle will go under the boot If the bottom edge of the boot is below the nailing line, nail the boot in place and cut the shingle to go around the top of the boot Figure 8-27 33
Section 8.7 5 3 4 2 1
Section 8.5 Brick Ledger Board Supports/distributes the weight of the masonry Install using 4-inch deck screws spaced at 24 inches to secure into the gable Figure 8-23 Blue Board OSB Spacer 3-2x6 Brick Ledger Boards Cross-Section View Brick Flashing 35
Brick Flashing Install brick flashing over the brick ledger board after the roof is complete The top flange of the flashing goes behind the Blue Board 36
Section 8.6 Step Flashing Step flashing is installed with each row of shingles Set the shingle in place, then the step flashing, and nail through both Use the nailing line of the course below as a guide for the bottom edge of the flashing Step flashing should not extend below the bottom edge of the shingle Figure 8-24 Nail here 37
Step Flashing 38
Section 8.10 Finishing Spray paint pipes black to retard UV damage from the sun Tar any exposed nails, remember the vent caps and final pieces of ridge cap 39 Apply tar
Quality Rows should be straight and not wavy As the rows approach the ridge, the row should be parallel to the ridge Check for exposed nails 40
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