BGS16MN14 SP6T Antenna Switch Application Note AN368 Revision: Rev. 1.0 RF and Protection Devices
Edition 2014-06-02 Published by Infineon Technologies AG 81726 Munich, Germany 2014 Infineon Technologies AG All Rights Reserved. LEGAL DISCLAIMER THE INFORMATION GIVEN IN THIS APPLICATION NOTE IS GIVEN AS A HINT FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INFINEON TECHNOLOGIES COMPONENT ONLY AND SHALL NOT BE REGARDED AS ANY DESCRIPTION OR WARRANTY OF A CERTAIN FUNCTIONALITY, CONDITION OR QUALITY OF THE INFINEON TECHNOLOGIES COMPONENT. THE RECIPIENT OF THIS APPLICATION NOTE MUST VERIFY ANY FUNCTION DESCRIBED HEREIN IN THE REAL APPLICATION. INFINEON TECHNOLOGIES HEREBY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES AND LIABILITIES OF ANY KIND (INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION WARRANTIES OF NON-INFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS OF ANY THIRD PARTY) WITH RESPECT TO ANY AND ALL INFORMATION GIVEN IN THIS APPLICATION NOTE. Information For further information on technology, delivery terms and conditions and prices, please contact the nearest Infineon Technologies Office (www.infineon.com). Warnings Due to technical requirements, components may contain dangerous substances. For information on the types in question, please contact the nearest Infineon Technologies Office. Infineon Technologies components may be used in life-support devices or systems only with the express written approval of Infineon Technologies, if a failure of such components can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life-support device or system or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. Life support devices or systems are intended to be implanted in the human body or to support and/or maintain and sustain and/or protect human life. If they fail, it is reasonable to assume that the health of the user or other persons may be endangered.
BGS16MN14 Application Note AN368 Revision History: Previous Revision: prev. Rev. x.x Page Subjects (major changes since last revision) Trademarks of Infineon Technologies AG AURIX, C166, CanPAK, CIPOS, CIPURSE, EconoPACK, CoolMOS, CoolSET, CORECONTROL, CROSSAVE, DAVE, DI-POL, EasyPIM, EconoBRIDGE, EconoDUAL, EconoPIM, EconoPACK, EiceDRIVER, eupec, FCOS, HITFET, HybridPACK, I²RF, ISOFACE, IsoPACK, MIPAQ, ModSTACK, my-d, NovalithIC, OptiMOS, ORIGA, POWERCODE, PRIMARION, PrimePACK, PrimeSTACK, PRO-SIL, PROFET, RASIC, ReverSave, SatRIC, SIEGET, SINDRION, SIPMOS, SmartLEWIS, SOLID FLASH, TEMPFET, thinq!, TRENCHSTOP, TriCore. Other Trademarks Advance Design System (ADS) of Agilent Technologies, AMBA, ARM, MULTI-ICE, KEIL, PRIMECELL, REALVIEW, THUMB, µvision of ARM Limited, UK. AUTOSAR is licensed by AUTOSAR development partnership. Bluetooth of Bluetooth SIG Inc. CAT-iq of DECT Forum. COLOSSUS, FirstGPS of Trimble Navigation Ltd. EMV of EMVCo, LLC (Visa Holdings Inc.). EPCOS of Epcos AG. FLEXGO of Microsoft Corporation. FlexRay is licensed by FlexRay Consortium. HYPERTERMINAL of Hilgraeve Incorporated. IEC of Commission Electrotechnique Internationale. IrDA of Infrared Data Association Corporation. ISO of INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION. MATLAB of MathWorks, Inc. MAXIM of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. MICROTEC, NUCLEUS of Mentor Graphics Corporation. MIPI of MIPI Alliance, Inc. MIPS of MIPS Technologies, Inc., USA. murata of MURATA MANUFACTURING CO., MICROWAVE OFFICE (MWO) of Applied Wave Research Inc., OmniVision of OmniVision Technologies, Inc. Openwave Openwave Systems Inc. RED HAT Red Hat, Inc. RFMD RF Micro Devices, Inc. SIRIUS of Sirius Satellite Radio Inc. SOLARIS of Sun Microsystems, Inc. SPANSION of Spansion LLC Ltd. Symbian of Symbian Software Limited. TAIYO YUDEN of Taiyo Yuden Co. TEAKLITE of CEVA, Inc. TEKTRONIX of Tektronix Inc. TOKO of TOKO KABUSHIKI KAISHA TA. UNIX of X/Open Company Limited. VERILOG, PALLADIUM of Cadence Design Systems, Inc. VLYNQ of Texas Instruments Incorporated. VXWORKS, WIND RIVER of WIND RIVER SYSTEMS, INC. ZETEX of Diodes Zetex Limited. Last Trademarks Update 2011-11-11 Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0 3 / 20
BGS16MN14 List of Content, Figures and Tables Table of Content 1 Introduction... 6 2 BGS16MN14 Features... 6 2.1 Main Features... 6 2.2 Functional Diagram... 6 2.3 Pin Configuration... 7 2.4 Pin Description... 7 3 Application... 8 3.1 Application Board... 8 4 Small Signal Characteristics... 10 4.1 Insertion Loss from Antenna to the respective RF port... 10 4.2 Return Loss from Antenna to the respective RF port... 10 4.3 Forward Transmission... 11 4.4 Reflection Antenna Port... 11 4.5 Port Reflection... 12 4.6 Antenna Isolation Neighbour Ports... 12 4.7 Port Isolation Neighbour Ports... 13 5 Intermodulation... 14 5.1 Introduction... 14 5.2 IMD Test Set-up... 14 5.3 IMD Test Results for Band 1 and 5... 15 6 Harmonic Generation... 15 7 Appendix: Switch Controller Unit... 18 7.1 Operating Guide... 18 8 Authors... 19 Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0 4 / 20
BGS16MN14 List of Content, Figures and Tables List of Figures Figure 1 BGS16MN14 Functional Diagram... 6 Figure 2 BGS16MN14 Pin Configuration... 7 Figure 3 RF switch in mobile phone cellular frontend... 8 Figure 4 Layout of the application board... 9 Figure 5 Layout of de-embedding boards... 9 Figure 6 PCB layer information... 9 Figure 7 Application circuit... 10 Figure 8 Forward Transmission Curves for RF Ports... 11 Figure 9 Reflection Antenna Port... 11 Figure 10 Port Reflection... 12 Figure 11 Antenna Isolation Neighbour Ports... 12 Figure 12 Port Isolation of Neighbour Ports... 13 Figure 13 Block diagram of RF Switch intermodulation... 14 Figure 14 Test set-up for IMD Measurements... 14 Figure 15 Set-up for harmonics measurement... 15 Figure 16 2 nd Harmonic at f c =824 MHz... 16 Figure 17 3 rd harmonic at f c =824 MHz... 16 Figure 18 2 nd Harmonic at f c =1800 MHz... 17 Figure 19 3 rd Harmonic at f c =1800 MHz... 17 Figure 20 Switch Controller Unit Board... 18 List of Tables Table 1 Pin Description (top view)... 7 Table 2 Insertion Loss from Antenna to the respective RF port with all other ports terminated with 50Ω... 10 Table 3 Antenna Return Loss with all other ports terminated with 50Ω... 10 Table 4 IMD Measurements... 15 Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0 5 / 20
BGS16MN14 Introduction 1 Introduction The BGS16MN14 is a Single Pole Six Throw (SP6T) Diversity Switch optimized for wireless applications up to 2.7 GHz. It is a perfect solution for multi-mode handsets based on quadband GSM, WCDMA and LTE. The switch configuration is shown in Fig. 1. The BGS16MN14 comes in a miniature TSNP package and comprises of a high power CMOS SP6T switch with integrated MIPI RFFE interface. No external DC blocking capacitors are required in typical applications as long as no DC is applied to any RF port. 2 BGS16MN14 Features 2.1 Main Features Suitable for multi-mode EDGE / C2K / WCDMA / LTE applications Ultra-low insertion loss and harmonics generation 6 high-linearity, interchangeable WCDMA RX ports 0.1 to 2.7 GHz coverage High port-to-port-isolation Direct to battery supply enabled by large supply voltage range from 2.5 V to 5.5 V Integrated MIPI RFFE interface supporting 1.2 and 1.8 V bus voltage Software programmable MIPI RFFE USID No decoupling capacitors required if no DC applied on RF lines Small form factor 2.0 mm x 2.0 mm 1 kv HBM ESD protection RoHS and WEEE compliant package 2.2 Functional Diagram ANT RX01 RX02 RX03 RX04 RX05 SP6T RX06 MIPI RFFE Controller SDATA SCLK VIO VDD GND Figure 1 BGS16MN14 Functional Diagram Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0 6 / 20
BGS16MN14 BGS16MN14 Features 2.3 Pin Configuration NC ANT NC RX04 11 12 13 14 1 RX03 RX05 RX06 10 9 0 2 3 RX02 RX01 VDD NC 8 4 7 6 5 SCLK SDATA VIO Figure 2 BGS16MN14 Pin Configuration 2.4 Pin Description Table 1 Pin Description (top view) Pin NO Name Pin Type Function 0 GND GND RF ground; die pad 1 RX03 I/O RX port 3 2 RX02 I/O RX port 2 3 RX01 I/O RX port 1 4 VDD PWR V DD Supply Voltage 5 VIO PWR MIPI RFFE Supply 6 SDATA I/O MIPI RFFE data 7 SCLK I MIPI RFFE clock 8 NC Not connected 9 RX06 I/O RX port 6 10 RX05 I/O RX port 5 11 RX04 I/O RX port 4 12 NC Not connected 13 ANT I/O Antenna port 14 NC Not connected Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0 7 / 20
BGS16MN14 Application 3 Application A typical application of the BGS16MN14 RF switch in a mobile phone application is shown in Figure 3. In the diversity path of the RF frontend the BGS16MN14 switches the different receive bands to the inputs of the transceiver. Infineon offers also a broad portfolio of Low Noise Amplifiers and Antenna Switch Modules. Infineon ASMs BGSF18G BGSF110GN26 Infineon RF Switch BGS16MN14 ASM Infineon LNAs BGAxx Transceiver Figure 3 RF switch in mobile phone cellular frontend 3.1 Application Board Below is a picture of the evaluation board used for the measurements (Figure 4). The board is designed so that all connecting 50 Ohm lines have the same length. In order to get accurate values for the insertion loss of the BGS16MN14 all influences and losses of the evaluation board, lines and connectors have to be eliminated. Therefore a separate de-embedding board, representing the line length is necessary (Figure 5). The calibration of the network analyser (NWA) is done in severall steps: - Perform full calibration on all NWA ports. - Attach empty SMA connector at port 2 and perform open port extension. Turn port extensions on. Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0 8 / 20
BGS16MN14 Application - Connect the half de-embedding board (Figure 5 left board) between port1 and port2, store this as a s-parameter (.s2p) file. - Turn all port extentions off. - Load the stored s-parameter file as de-embedding file for all used NWA ports - Switch all port extentions on - Check insertion loss with the de-embedding through board (Figure 5 right board) Figure 4 Layout of the application board Figure 5 Layout of de-embedding boards The construction of the PCB is shown in Figure 6. Vias Rodgers, 0.2mm Copper 35µm FR4, 0.7mm Figure 6 PCB layer information Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0 9 / 20
4 Small Signal Characteristics BGS16MN14 Small Signal Characteristics The small signal characteristics are measured at 25 C with a Network analyzer in an application circuit shown in figure 7. ANT BGS16MN14 SP6T 27nH Figure 7 Application circuit 4.1 Insertion Loss from Antenna to the respective RF port Table 2 Frequency (MHz) Insertion Loss from Antenna to the respective RF port with all other ports terminated with 50Ω 740 751 881 942 1842 1960 2017 2140 2350 2593 3500 RX1 0.43 0.42 0.36 0.34 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.36 0.38 0.52 RX2 0.41 0.41 0.36 0.34 0.33 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.38 0.41 0.56 RX3 0.4 0.4 0.34 0.32 0.29 0.3 0.31 0.33 0.36 0.4 0.61 RX4 0.42 0.41 0.36 0.34 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.35 0.39 0.43 0.65 RX5 0.41 0.4 0.34 0.32 0.3 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.36 0.38 0.48 RX6 0.44 0.44 0.38 0.36 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.35 0.37 0.4 0.54 4.2 Return Loss from Antenna to the respective RF port Table 3 Frequency (MHz) Antenna Return Loss with all other ports terminated with 50Ω 740 751 881 942 1842 1960 2017 2140 2350 2593 3500 RX1 15 15.1 16.9 17.7 33.7 32.6 31.7 30.4 28.6 27 20.2 RX2 15.5 15.6 17.5 18.4 29.6 29.3 29 28.7 27.6 25.3 18.2 RX3 15.3 15.5 17.4 18.2 33.6 29.6 28 25.6 22.9 20.5 15.2 RX4 15.5 15.6 17.7 18.6 31.6 29 27.7 25.9 23.4 20.9 15.1 RX5 15 15.2 17.7 18.8 24.4 22.7 22.1 21.1 19.7 19.2 19.5 RX6 14.7 14.9 16.6 17.5 37.7 32.8 30.9 28.8 27.1 26.2 20.9 Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0 10 / 20
Reflection (db) Forward Transmission (db) BGS16MN14 Small Signal Characteristics 4.3 Forward Transmission 0 BGS16MN14 Forward Transmission -0.25 0.74 GHz -0.40 db 0.94 GHz -0.32 db 2.14 GHz -0.33 db 2.35 GHz -0.36 db -0.5-0.75 0.75 GHz -0.40 db ANT_Rx1 ANT_Rx2 0.88 GHz -0.34 db ANT_Rx3 ANT_Rx4 1.84 GHz -0.29 db ANT_Rx5 ANT_Rx6 1.96 GHz -0.30 db 2.59 GHz -0.38 db 3.50 GHz -0.48 db -1 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 Frequency (GHz) Figure 8 Forward Transmission Curves for RF Ports 4.4 Reflection Antenna Port 0 BGS16MN14 Reflection Antenna Port 2.69 GHz -19.4 db -15-30 -45 Rx1 Rx3 Rx5-60 Rx2 Rx4 Rx6 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4 Frequency (GHz) Figure 9 Reflection Antenna Port Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0 11 / 20
Isolation (db) Reflection (db) BGS16MN14 Small Signal Characteristics 4.5 Port Reflection 0-10 BGS16MN14 Reflection Rx Ports 2.69 GHz -16.95 db -25-40 -55 Rx1 Rx3 Rx5-70 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4 Frequency (GHz) Rx2 Rx4 Rx6 Figure 10 Port Reflection 4.6 Antenna Isolation Neighbour Ports 0-20 Antenna Isolation of Neighbour Ports 2.69 GHz -27.86 db -40-60 -80 Rx1 active ANT_Rx2 Rx1 active ANT_Rx6 Rx2 active ANT_Rx3 Rx2 active ANT_Rx1 Rx3 active ANT_Rx4 Rx3 active ANT_Rx2 Rx4 active ANT_Rx5 Rx4 active ANT_Rx3 Rx5 active ANT_Rx6 Rx5 active ANT_Rx4 Rx6 active ANT_Rx1 Rx6 active ANT_Rx5-100 0.05 1.05 2.05 3.05 3.5 Frequency (GHz) Figure 11 Antenna Isolation Neighbour Ports Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0 12 / 20
Isolation (db) BGS16MN14 Small Signal Characteristics 4.7 Port Isolation Neighbour Ports 0-20 Port Isolation of Neighbour Ports 2.69 GHz -25.16 db -40-60 -80 Rx1 active Rx1_Rx2 Rx1 active Rx1_Rx6 Rx2 active Rx2 Rx3 Rx2 active Rx2_Rx1 Rx3 active Rx3_Rx4 Rx3 active Rx3_Rx2 Rx4 active Rx4_Rx5 Rx4 active Rx4_Rx3 Rx5 active Rx5_Rx6 Rx5 active Rx5_Rx4 Rx6 active Rx6_Rx1 Rx6 active Rx6_Rx5-100 0.05 1.05 2.05 3.05 3.5 Frequency (GHz) Figure 12 Port Isolation of Neighbour Ports Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0 13 / 20
Load BGS16MN14 Intermodulation 5 Intermodulation 5.1 Introduction Another very important parameter of a RF switch is the large signal capability. One of the possible intermodulation scenarios is shown in Figure 13. The transmission (Tx) signal from the main antenna is coupled into the diversity antenna with with high power.this signal (20 dbm) and a received Jammer signal (-15 dbm) are entering the switch. Jammer (CW) Coupled Tx Signal from main antenna Diversity Antenna RF Switch Receiver IMD Figure 13 Block diagram of RF Switch intermodulation Special combinations of TX and Jammer signal are producing intermodulation products 2 nd and 3rd order, which fall in the RX band and disturb the wanted RX signal. 5.2 IMD Test Set-up The test setup for the IMD measurements has to provide a very high isolation between RX and TX signals. ( Figure 14).For the RX / TX separation a professional duplexer with 80 db isolation is used. Please find the results for high and low band in table 5 below. For each distortion scenario there is a min and a max value given. This variation is caused by a phase shifter connected between switch and duplexer. In the test set-up the phase shifter represents a no ideal matching of the switch to 50 Ohm. -20dB -3dB Signal Generator Mini Circuits (ZHL-30W-252 -S+) Power Amplifier Circulator K & L Tunable Bandpass Filter Tx Duplexer ANT Phase Shifter / Delay Line TRx DUT ANT -20dB K & L Tunable Bandpass Filter Signal Generator Signal Analyzer K & L Tunable Bandpass Filter -3 db Rx Power reference plane PTx = +20 dbm PBl = -15 dbm Figure 14 Test set-up for IMD Measurements Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0 14 / 20
BGS16MN14 Harmonic Generation 5.3 IMD Test Results for Band 1 and 5 Table 4 IMD Measurements Band 1 TX Interferer Intermodulation Products UMTS Band 1 Testcase F IN (MHz) P IN (dbm) F IN (MHz) P IN (dbm) F IMD (MHz) P IMD (dbm) IIPx (dbm) IMD3 1950 20 1760-15 2140-113 68 IMD2 low 1950 20 190-15 2140-94 99 IMD2 high 1950 20 4090-15 2140-111 116 Band 5 TX Interferer Intermodulation Products UMTS Band 5 Testcase F IN (MHz) P IN (dbm) F IN (MHz) P IN (dbm) F IMD (MHz) P IMD (dbm) IIPx (dbm) IMD3 835 20 790-15 880-111 68 IMD2 low 835 20 45-15 880-99 105 IMD2 high 835 20 1715-15 880-110 115 6 Harmonic Generation Harmonic generation is another important parameter for the characterization of a RF switch. RF switches have to deal with high RF levels, up to 27 dbm. With this high RF power at the input of the switch harmonics are generated. This harmonics (2 nd and 3 rd ) can disturb the other reception bands or cause distortion in other RF applications (GPS, WLan) within the mobile phone. Load -20dB Directional Coupler -20dB Signal Generator Power Amplifier Circulator Tunable Bandpass Filter A Power meter Agilent E4419B -3dB B Signal Analyzer K & L Tunable Bandstop Filter -20dB Directional Coupler DUT ANT Tx Figure 15 Set-up for harmonics measurement Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0 15 / 20
H3 (dbm) H2 (dbm) BGS16MN14 Harmonic Generation The results for the harmonic generation at 830 MHZ are shown in Figure 16 (2 nd harmonic) and Figure 17 (3 rd harmonic) for all RF ports. At the x-axis the input power is plotted and at the y- axis the generated harmonics in dbm. -50 BGS16MN14 RX at fin=824mhz -55-60 -65-70 -75-80 RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 RX5 RX6-85 Figure 16-90 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Pin (dbm) 2 nd Harmonic at f c =824 MHz -50 BGS16MN14 RX at fin=824mhz -55-60 -65-70 -75-80 RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 RX5 RX6-85 -90 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Pin (dbm) Figure 17 3 rd harmonic at f c =824 MHz Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0 16 / 20
H3 (dbm) H2 (dbm) BGS16MN14 Harmonic Generation -50-55 -60-65 -70-75 -80-85 BGS16MN14 RX at fin=1800mhz RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 RX5 RX6 Figure 18-90 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Pin (dbm) 2 nd Harmonic at f c =1800 MHz -50-55 BGS16MN14 RX at fin=1800mhz RX1-60 -65-70 -75-80 -85-90 -95 RX2 RX3 RX4 RX5 RX6-100 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Pin (dbm) Figure 19 3 rd Harmonic at f c =1800 MHz Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0 17 / 20
7 Appendix: Switch Controller Unit BGS16MN14 Appendix: Switch Controller Unit The BGS18MN14 is controlled via MIPI interface and Infineon offers a MIPIcontroller unit to ease the evaluation of its BGS18MN14 on application board. The unit is very simple to use with a few buttons to select the right device and different states. This section helps as a short user guide for the controller unit shown in Figure 20. The controller unit requires a DC supply of 5.5V with a current capability of 50mA. G V G N C N D C D to BGSF18D P3 GND GND Vcc LVdd FRM GND GND NC SPI CLK P2 P1 Figure 20 Switch Controller Unit Board Please observe the following steps to use the controller unit: 7.1 Operating Guide 1. Connect evalboard and control unit via controller cable 2. Connect control unit to power supply 3. Version number S.0 is displayed 4. Press P1 and P3 simultaneously until desired switch type is displayed - 0D for BGS110MN20-8D for BGS18MN14-6D for BGS16MN14 5. Press P1 or P3 to enable active mode PU is displayed * 6. Press P1 or P3 to alter switch state - IS Isolation Mode (all channels off) - PD Power Down Mode (low current consumption) - PU... Power Up Mode (active mode) - R1 R0... RX1 RX10 enabled Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0 18 / 20
BGS16MN14 Authors 8 Authors Ralph Kuhn, Senior Staff Application Engineer of the Business Unit RF and Protection Devices Andre Dewai, Senior Application Engineer of the Business Unit RF and Protection Devices Application Note AN368, Rev. 1.0 19 / 20
w w w. i n f i n e o n. c o m Published by Infineon Technologies AG AN368