ICS DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD Specification for carbon paper EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY EAS 2014 First Edition 2014
CD/K/19:2014 Copyright notice This EAC document is copyright-protected by EAC. While the reproduction of this document by participants in the EAC standards development process is permitted without prior permission from EAC, neither this document nor any extract from it may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form for any other purpose without prior written permission from EAC. Requests for permission to reproduce this document for the purpose of selling it should be addressed as shown below or to EAC s member body in the country of the requester: East African Community 2013 All rights reserved East African Community P.O.Box 1096 Arusha Tanzania Tel: 255 27 2504253/8 Fax: 255 27 2504481/2504255 E-mail: eac@eachq.org Web: www.eac-quality.net Reproduction for sales purposes may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement. Violators may be persecuted ii EAC 2014 All rights reserved
Foreword Development of the East African Standards has been necessitated by the need for harmonizing requirements governing quality of products and services in the East African Community. It is envisaged that through harmonized standardization, trade barriers that are encountered when goods and services are exchanged within the Community will be removed. In order to achieve this objective, the Community established an East African Standards Committee mandated to develop and issue East African Standards. The Committee is composed of representatives of the National Standards Bodies in Partner States, together with the representatives from the private sectors and consumer organizations. Draft East African Standards are circulated to stakeholders through the National Standards Bodies in the Partner States. The comments received are discussed and incorporated before finalization of standards, in accordance with the procedures of the Community. East African Standards are subject to review, to keep pace with technological advances. Users of the East African Standards are therefore expected to ensure that they always have the latest versions of the standards they are implementing. This Draft East African Standard, DEAS. 857:2015., was prepared by Technical Committee EASC//TC/065 Paper and paper products.the Committee is composed is of representatives from National Standards Bodies, regulators and academia, together with the representatives from the private sector and consumer organizations in Partner States. EAC 2014 All rights reserved iii
DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD DEAS 857:2015 Carbon paper- Specification 1 Scope This Draft East African Standard specifies requirements, sampling and test methods for carbon paper. It covers carbon papers for typewriting and carbon papers for handwriting with their respective grades. 2 Normative references ISO 536:2012 Paper -- Determination of grammage ISO 15754:2009 Paper and board test for the directional tensile strength ISO 187: 1990-Paper board, pulps-standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for monitoring the atmosphere and condition of samples. 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this standard, the following shall apply. 3.1 Carbon paper paper coated (generally on one side) with a pressure transferable pigmented or dyed layer, used for making copies at the same time as an original manuscript or typescript is made. 3.2 Durability the minimum number of impressions at the same spot. 3.3 Manifolding the minimum number of carbon copies produced in one typing or writing. 3.4 Curling resistance the tendency of sheet carbon to be flat on exposure to varying conditions of temperature and humidity. 3.5 Staining the discoloration of image receptor sheet during contact with a carbon sheet. 4 Types There shall be two types of carbon paper a Typewriter carbon Papers Grade 1 Light weight. EAC 2014 All rights reserved 1
Grade 2 Medium weight. b Handwriting carbon Papers Grade 1 Single side pen/pencil carbon paper. Grade 2 Double side pen/pencil carbon paper (for use where impression on the reverse side of the original is required). 5 Requirements 5.1 General Requirements 5.1.1 The carbon paper shall be free from blemishes like wrinkles, waves, tears and cuts and, as far as possible free from pin holes, crease, crimpled corners or sides. It shall be manufactured by coating necessary to give the required copying qualities. The coating shall be smooth, uniform and free from smudginess. 5.1.2 The side which is not coated shall be marked by printing or by some other means, in order to facilitate distinguishing it from the coated side. 5.1.3 The carbon paper shall not contain mechanical pulp. 5.1.4 The edges of the sheets shall be straight, and at right angles to each other. 5.1.5 The base paper used for the manufacture of typewriter carbon papers shall conform to Grades 1 and 2 as specified in DEAS 857:2015 5.1.6 The base paper used for the manufacture of handwriting carbon papers shall conform to Grades 2 and 3 of the same document stated under the same clause. 5.1.7 The sizes of the carbon papers shall be A4 and A5 with pull tab length of 10 per cent with appropriate opposite corner cuts. Any other sizes, if required, shall be defined within A and B series of paper sizes in accordance with ISO 216 5.1.8 The carbon shall be well defined and clean. Light shall not have any appreciable effect on the written carbon work. There shall be a gradual, not abrupt, loss of distinctness of the carbon copies when repeated at the same place. 5.1.9 It shall have no tendency to offset or stain on normal handling when left in contact with copying sheets or separate as flakes when in use. 5.1.10 Tolerances a) For dimensions up to and including 150 mm ± 1.5 mm. b) For dimensions greater than 150 mm and up to and including 600 mm ± 2.0 mm. 5.2 Physical requirements The carbon papers shall also comply with the requirements given in Table 1 when tested in accordance with the methods prescribed therein. 2 EAC 2014 All rights reserved
SL NO. Table 1 Requirements for typewriting and handwriting carbon papers Characteristic Requirements Method of test in Typewriter Carbon Handwriting carbon the Annex paper paper (i) Grammage of base paper g/m 2 ± 5 per cent (ii) Coating, g/m 2 ± 5 per cent (iii) Durability,.(minimum number of impressions at the same spot) (iv) Resistance to curling, per cent (v) Manifolding, copies, min GR 1 GR 2 GR 1 GR 2 11.0 16.0 16.0 24.0 ISO 536B 10.0 11.0 12.0 12.0 B 10 10 6 6 C 80 80 80 80 A 6 6 6 6 D 4 Packaging 4.1 Carbon papers shall be packaged suitable packages in multiples of 25 without exceeding 100 sheets a packet which may be either a folder or cardboard box. 4.2 Reams Carbon papers may also be packed in reams (containing 500 sheets) wrapped in paper strong enough to prevent damage to the carbon papers. 5 Labelling 5.1 Each packet or ream shall be marked with the following information: a) Name and physical address of the manufacturer, or his registered trade mark; b) Type, grade and size of the carbon paper; c) Colour of the coating; d) Number of sheets in the packet; e) Shelf life f) Instructions for use, storage and disposal. 5.2 Cartons Where the packets above have been packed into a carton, the outer side of the carton shall also bear the information contained in clause 5.1. 6 Sampling For ascertaining the conformity of these types of carbon papers to the requirements of this standard: EAC 2014 All rights reserved 3
a) Representative samplesfrom original unopened packets shall be taken from the market or elsewhere, ensuring the procedures of random selection; b) Samples shall be protected from abnormal exposure to heat and light, and shall not be allowed to come in contact with any liquid; c) Samples shall be touched as little as possible, and contact with sweated hands shall be avoided; d) Samples shall not be folded before testing. 7 Test methods Where conditioning is required before testing, condition the specimens according to ISO 187 4 EAC 2014 All rights reserved
ANNEX A (normative) DETERMINATION FOR RESISTANCE TO CURLING A.1 Procedure Place two sheets of carbon papers on a wire screen, carbon-coated side down, in a conditioning room in which relative humidity of 65 ± 2 per cent and temperature of 23 ± 2 0 C are maintained. After the sheets have been conditioned for one hour, remove the sheets from the screen and place on a flat glass surface, carboncoated side-up. After ten minutes, measure the distance between the corners of the short sides and long sides of the sheet, while it is resting freely on the flat surface. A.2 Results Express these lengths as percentages of the original lengths of the short and long sides of the sheet being tested. The degree of resistance to curling shall be the average of the values measured for both the short and long sides of the sheet. EAC 2014 All rights reserved 5
ANNEX B (normative) DETERMINATION OF SUBSTANCE OF BASE PAPER AND AMOUNT OF COATING B.1 Test piece Condition at least 5 sheets of the carbon papers and cut out a test piece from each measuring 10.0 cm x 10.0 cm. Weigh it accurately. B.2 Decorating Take a suitable quantity of carbon tetrachloride or a mixture of equal volumes of carbon tetrachloride and acetone in a beaker. Bring the contents to boil on a water bath and immerse the test pieces into the boiling solvent until the tissues are clean. During this operation hold the test pieces with forceps and agitate through the solvent. Repeat the operation with a fresh quantity of solvent, if necessary. After the coating has been removed dry the decoated papers, condition them and weigh accurately. B.3 Calculation For each of the five pieces, do the calculation as follows: S = C = m 1 A Where, m m1 A C = Amount of coating in g/m 2, S = Substance of base paper in g/m 2, m 1 = mass in g of the test piece after decoating, A = Area in m 2 of the test piece, m = Mass in g of the test piece before decoating. The substance of the uncoated paper shall be taken as the arithmetic mean of the five specimens. 6 EAC 2014 All rights reserved
ANNEX C (normative) DETERMINATION FOR DURABILITY C.1 Typewriting carbon papers C.1.1 Apparatus C.1.1.1 Typewriter Use any suitable electric typewriter with freshly cleaned pica or ball type. The roll of the typewriter used for the test shall be soft. When typing the ribbon shall be suitably tensioned. C.1.1.2 Typing paper Use wood-free typewriter paper of substance about 40 g/m 2. C.1.2 Procedure Take a piece of about 4 cm to 5 cm of the carbon paper to be tested and fasten it to the first sheet so that the coated side of the sample comes in contact with the copy sheet in the usual way. After the two sheets of paper have been placed in the testing machine, the first sheet carrying the carbon paper shall be securely fastened to the back of the carriage in any suitable way so that the former will not move while the platen is turned for spacing lines. The platen shall be turned slightly to pull the first sheet taut. Then a line of suitable letter shall be written exactly over the same spot of the carbon paper. The carbon paper shall make not fewer than the required number of intensity. In examining the sheet, the operator shall not be misled by extra black edges of some letters that are indicative of a shifting of the first sheet with attached sample or of a light play of the type bar. C.2 Handwriting carbon papers C.2.1 Apparatus Tests in case of pencil carbon papers shall be made by actual writing with a fountain pen on a 50 60 g/m 2 white printing paper. C.2.2 Procedure Take a piece of about 4 cm to 5 cm from carbon paper to be tested and fasten it to a sheet of citrite printing paper so that the coated side of the sample comes in contact with the copy sheet in the usual way. Place it on a glass plate with its long side parallel to one side of the plate. Draw out a line impression. Move the copy sheet slightly and draw a line over the same line. The carbon paper shall make not less than the required number of carbon copies from the same place that are clear, legible and of good intensity. EAC 2014 All rights reserved 7
ANNEX D (normative) DETERMINATION FOR MANIFOLDING D.1 Typewriter Use the typing paper as specified in clause (C.1.1.2) and a typewriter of the type described in Clause (C.1.1.1)Prepare ten specimens of carbon paper, a sheet of writing paper and ten sheets of copy paper and place specimen of carbon paper between each of the sheets of copy paper.straighten the sheets and place them in the typewriter. The entire keyboard shall be typed twice and the copies examined in dispersed light. Record the number of legible copies. D.2 Handwriting carbon papers Assemble ten sheets of white printing papers and place ten specimens of carbon papers to be tested between them, one specimen of carbon paper on each sheet of copy paper. Place them on a glass plate as in Clause C2.2. Write down about 15 lines and examine the copies and record the number of legible copies. 8 EAC 2014 All rights reserved
EAC 2014 All rights reserved