Tomorrow s Wireless - How the Internet of Things and 5G are Shaping the Future of Wireless Jin Bains Vice President R&D, RF Products, National Instruments 1
We live in a Hyper Connected World Data rate Capacity Power Consumption Coexistence Security Monitoring 2
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What do 50 Billion Connected Devices Do? INDUSTRIAL Internet of Things CONSUMER Internet of Things SMART Factory Grid Machine City Car Connectivity Data Analytics SMART Phone Wearable TV Appliances Home Based on Moor Insights & Strategy's report "Segmenting the Internet of Things (IoT)" 4
Future Wireless Demands 10,000x more traffic >10 Gbps, peak data rates 100 Mbps, high mobility Future Wireless 10-100x more devices < 1ms latency 10 year battery life 99.99% reliability 5
Future Wireless Demands Higher Throughput Future Wireless Lower Cost and Power Low Latency 6
5G Timeline 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 5G: Phase 1 Research 5G: Phase 1 Deployment 5G: Phase 2 Research 5G: Phase 2 Deployment 5G: Phase 1 Defined by 3GPP Release 15 (Sept, 2018) Expected first deployments by 2020 Expected Frequency Range: 3 30-40 GHz Expected Bandwidth: up to 500+ MHz LTE-like waveforms (OFDMA & SC-FDMA) Less than 1 ms Latency 5G: Phase 2 Defined by 3GPP Release 16 (Dec, 2019) Expected first deployments beyond 2021 Expected Frequency Range: 40 100 GHz Expected bandwidth: 500 MHz - 2 GHz Possible new waveforms (FBMC, GFDM, NOMA) Will likely use Time Division Duplexing (TDD) July 2016: FCC released bands at 28, 38, and 64-71 GHz 7
Technologies Driving the Future of Wireless Multi-RAT Enhanced PHY mmwave Massive MIMO Advanced Wireless Networks Improve bandwidth utilization through evolving PHY Level and flexible numerology Utilize potential of extremely wide bandwidths at frequency ranges ones thought impractical for commercial wireless. Dramatically increased number of antenna elements on base station. Consistent connectivity meeting the 1000x traffic demand for 5G Densification SDN NFV CRAN 8
NYU Wireless and NI Collaborate on mmwave Channel Sounding Channel sounding at 28, 38, and 72 GHz Dense urban environments (New York City) Prove viability of mmwave for mobile wireless communications Results NYU published first results in June 2013 3GPP calls for further investigation in 2015 FCC proposes new rules for mmwave in 2015 Prof. Ted Rappaport Y. Azar, G. N. Wong, K. Wang, Y. Azar, G. N. Wong, K. Wang, R. Mayzus, J. K. Schulz, H. Zhao, F. Gutierrez, D. Hwang, and T. S. Rappaport, 28 GHz propagation measurements for outdoor cellular communications using steerable beam antennas in New York City, in Communications (ICC), 2013 IEEE International Conference on, pp. 5143 5147, June 2013 9
mmwave for Mobile Broadband mmwave describes signals from 1mm to 10 mm (300 GHz to 30 GHz) Offers extreme bandwidths: up to 100 GHz of spectrum Substantially larger path loss & shorter signal propagation (< 500m) < 600 MHz spectrum in current cellular bands 100 GHz spectrum in milimeter wave bands 38 GHz 70-90 GHz 28 GHz 60 GHz 300 MHz λ = 1m 3 GHz λ = 100 m 30 GHz λ = 10 mm 300 GHz λ = 1mm 10
NI and Nokia Demonstrate 10 Gbps at 73 GHz It took about 1 calendar year, less than half the time it would have taken with other tools Dr. Amitava Ghosh, Head of Broadband Wireless Innovation 11
Lowering Radio Cost with LTE-M Tx Rx Tx Rx 20 MHz 1.4 MHz 200 khz (Release 13) Half-Duplex FDD Operation Receive Bandwidth Reduction +23 dbm, 200 mw +20 dbm, 100 mw Rx 0 Rx 0 Cat-1 Cat-0 Lower Output Power Rx 1 Single Receive Chain Rx 1 13
NB-IoT Interoperability and Deployment Will be deployed in GSM and LTE bands (180 khz BW) NB-IoT should support 3 different modes of operation: 1. Operation in LTE guard bands (similar to RDS in FM bands) 2. In-band operation (utilizing normal LTE carrier) 3. Stand-alone operation, e.g. in GSM or LTE bands 20 MHz Allocated Channel 18 MHz Occupied Bandwidth 20 MHz Allocated Channel 18 MHz Occupied Bandwidth LTE NB-IoT LTE NB-IoT NB-IoT in LTE guardband NB-IoT within LTE band 14
WiLan Standards are Constantly Evolving Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications 60 GHz Short Range Extreme Throughput White Spaces Outdoor Wi-Fi Internet of Things (IoT) Low Power Next Generation Classic Wi-Fi Image Courtesy of Dell Image Courtesy of surveyanalystics.com 802.11p 802.11ad/ay 802.11af 802.11ah 802.11ax 15
Use cases for 802.11ad/ay: mmwave Wi-Fi Docking Station 8k UHD Video Streaming Cellular Offloading + A P Requirements for Office Docking Throughput: 20 Gbps Distance: <3 m Latency: < 10 ms Requirements for Video Streaming Throughput: > 28 Gbps Distance: <5 m Latency: < 5 ms Requirements for Offloading Throughput: 20 Gbps Distance: <100 m Latency: < 100 ms 16
What Changes from 802.11ad to 802.11ay? Wider Bandwidth More Spatial Streams Possible New Modulations 2.16 GHz (802.11ad) 4 GHz (802.11ay) 4 Streams 16 or 64 Streams 64-QAM 64-point NUC Wider bandwidth through the aggregation of more component carriers helps increase maximum data rate from 6.7 Gbps to 20 Gbps. More downlink antennas and spatial streams enables more effective beamforming and operation over longer distances. The potential use of non-uniform constellations eases linearity requirements on RF components and makes CMOS more realistic. 60 GHz Radio Front End 17
802.11ax The Future of Classic WiFi Called High-Efficiency Wi-Fi (HEW) Delivers 4x higher throughput Utilizes 2.4 and 5 GHz bands Emphasis on high-density environments New features for outdoor deployments Targeting final standard in May 2018 18
The Future of Wireless Requires Innovation in Test Wider Bandwidth Test Equipment Future Wireless Capable of Lowering the Cost of Test 19 Able to Validate the Hardest Test Case
RF Solutions: Research Volume Production Research Prototyping Design & Characterization Automated Test Volume Production 20
Our Innovation Never Stops! 2 nd Gen VST Announced!!! Excellent RF performance for test requirements like 802.11ax. Wider bandwidth for radar, carrier aggregation, DPD, and more A software-designed architecture with a user-programmable FPGA Learn more at www./rfuture 21