IRZ0190 Kanalikodeerimine telekommunikatsioonis. Julia Berdnikova julia.berdnikova [ät] ttu.ee Sander Ulp sander.ulp [ät] ttu.ee

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IRZ0190 Kanalikodeerimine telekommunikatsioonis Julia Berdnikova julia.berdnikova [ät] ttu.ee Sander Ulp sander.ulp [ät] ttu.ee 1

IRZ0190 Kanalikodeerimine telekommunikatsioonis Nädalatunnid: 2L+1P+1H Eeldusained puuduvad IATM21 IATM22 Loengud: Teisipäeviti, kell 14:00 15:30 ruumis U02 403 Harjutused: Kolmapäeviti, paaritu nädalal, kell 14:00 15:30 ruumis U02 403 Praktikumid: Kolmapäeviti, paaris nädalal, kell 14:00 15:30 ruumis U02 407 2

IRZ0190 eksamieeldused Eksamile pääsemise eeldused: arvestatud kodutöö ja viis laboratoorset tööd. Lõpphinne moodustub laboratoorsete tööde, kodutöö ning eksami punktide summast: Hindamismeetod: Kodutöö Praktikumid Eksam Esitamise tähtaeg 07.05.2017 enne järgmist praktikumi Punktid: 40 30 30 Lõpphinne vastavalt punktideskaalale: 0 alla 51 punkti; 1 51 60 punkti; 2 61 70 punkti; 3 71 80 punkti; 4 81 90 punkti; 5 91 ja rohkem punkti Töö Sooritamise kuupäev Esitada kuni nr. 1.* 08.02.2017 21.02.2017 2. 22.02.2017 7.03.2017 3. 8.03.2017 21.03.2017 4. 22.03.2017 4.04.2017 5. 19.04.2017 02.05.2017 6. 03.05.2017 16.05.2017 3

IRZ0190 hindamiskriteeriumid Laboratoorsed tööd (saata enne järgmist praktikumi) 30p Igale üliõpilasele antakse 5 individuaalset ülesannet. Iga laboratoorne töö annab 6 punkti ehk 6% lõpphindest ehk kokku viie labori peale 30% lõpphindest. Laboratoorsed tööd on arvestatud kui: ülesanne on realiseeritud korrektselt; lahendus on esitatud õigeaegselt (hilinemine kuni 2 nädalat annab 3 punkti ning edasine hilinemine 0 punkti) Kodutöö 40p (esitamise tähtaeg on 07.05.2017.a) Tööd tuleb esitada kirjalikult. Igale üliõpilasele antakse veebipõhiselt individuaalne ülesanne. Kodutöö kaitstakse suuliselt ette nähtud kaitsmise päeval. Kodutöö on eksamile pääsemise eelduseks ning annab 40 punkti ehk moodustab 40% lõpphindest. Kodutöö saab maksimaalsed punktid kui: kõik kodutöö punktid on täidetud; üliõpilane oskab vastata antud teemat puudutavatele küsimustele; kodutöö on esitatud õigeaegselt. (hilinemisega on maksimaalne tulemus 30 punkti) Kirjalik eksam 30p Eksam on kirjalik, igale üliõpilasele antakse individuaalne küsimuste komplekt. Eksamit hinnatakse 30 punkti süsteemis 4

Kirjandus: 1) Moon, Todd K., Error Correction Coding : Mathematical Methods and Algorithms http://www.tuee.eblib.com/patron/fullrecord.aspx?p=232610 2) Shu Lin, Daniel J. Costello, Jr. Error Control Coding Kirjandust lisandub jooksvalt. http://www.ttu.ee/asutused/raamatukogu/10640/andmebaasid databases/eraamatud/ EBL e raamatute platvorm, ebrary, Safari Books Online jne. Channel coding, 5

Õppeaine eesmärk: Anda teoreetilised alused kanalikodeerimise põhimõtetest ning meetoditest Tutvustada tänapäeval levinumaid kanalikodeerimise võtteid Tundma õppida erinevate kooderite ja dekooderite struktuure Analüüsida edastuskanali erinevaid liike, müra mudeleid ning edastuskanalis esinevaid häireid Anda teoreetilised alused häirekindluse hindamisest 6

Sissejuhatus D/A? A/D? Fuqin Xiong. Digital modulation techniques. Boston (Mass.) ; London : Artech House, 2006 7

Infoedastussüsteemi osad Infoallikas (allika kooder, info krüpteerimine) Kanali kooder Edastuskanal Kanali dekooder Infotarbija (allika dekooder) Moon, Todd K., "Error Correction Coding : Mathematical Methods and Algorithms 8

Teoreetilised alused Shannoni valem (Shannon Hartley theorem) AWGN kanalis (Aditive White Gaussian Noise) C W log 2 1 S N C on kanali läbilaskevõime (bits per second, bit/s), (Channel capacity, maximum rate) W on sagedusriba laius (Hz) S on signaali võimus ribas (W või V 2 ) N on müra võimus ribas (W või V 2 ) S/N on signaal müra suhet (SNR) või (CNR carrier to noise ratio ) lineaarne http://www.ece.ualberta.ca/~hcdc/library/mimochclass/channelcapacity.pdf 9

Teoreetilised alused Channel Coding Theorem (CCT), Noisy channel coding theorem The direct part: This means that, theoretically, it is possible to transmit information nearly without error at any rate below a limiting rate C. R C, 0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/noisy channel_coding_theorem 10

Teoreetilised alused Spektraalefektiivsus: (Bandwidth Efciency, Spectral efficiency) Shannoni piir: http://www.lr.ttu.ee/~ttrump/sidesyst_analyys/sidesysteemide%20analyys%20i.pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/spectral_efficiency 11

Kooderi parameetrid: n k r k infosümbolite arv n koosõna sümbolite arv r liiaste sümbolite arv (redundant symbols) Koodi kiirus (Code rate) R k n 12

Näide: Uncoded http://what when how.com/cooperative communication/physical layer communication theory conventional networks/ 13

Näide: http://www.comtechefdata.com/technologies/fec/ldpc 14

Näide: http://www.soccentral.com/soccontent/documents/agilent 12 09 13/Agilent 12 09 13 Fig1.gif 15

Kanali kodeerimine Vigade avastamine (Error detection coding) Repetition codes Parity bits Checksums Cyclic redundancy checks (CRCs) Cryptographic hash functions Error correcting codes Vigade parandus (Error corrected codes) Convolutional codes or block codes ARQ Hybrid schemes (FEC+ARQ) Automatic repeat request (ARQ) EEC (error correcting code) FEC (forward error correction) 16

Pidevad (Analog channel models) Edastuskanali mudelid Noise model, for example Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel Phase noise model Interference model, for example cross talk (co channel interference) and intersymbol interference (ISI) Distortion model, for example a non linear channel model causing intermodulation distortion (IMD) Frequency response model, including attenuation and phase shift Group delay model Modelling of underlying physical layer transmission techniques, for example a complex valued equivalent baseband model of modulation and frequency response Radio frequency propagation model, for example Log distance path loss model Fading model, for example Rayleigh fading, Ricean fading, log normal shadow fading and frequency selective (dispersive) fading Doppler shift model, which combined with fading results in a time variant system Ray tracing models, which attempt to model the signal propagation and distortions for specified transmitterreceiver geometries, terrain types, and antennas Mobility models, which also causes a time variant system Diskreetsed (Digital channel models) (memory or memoryless) (symmetric or non symmetric) Binary symmetric channel (BSC) Binary bursty bit error channel model, a channel "with memory Binary erasure channel (BEC) Packet erasure channel Arbitrarily varying channel (AVC) Lugemiseks: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/channel_%28communications%29 17

Näide: BSC (Binary symmetric channel) BEC (Binary erasure channel) Thomas M. Cover,Joy A. Thomas, Elements of Information Theory 18

AWGN ja BSC S N Läbilaskevõime: C BSC C AWGN S N 19