www.ije.net ISSN (ONLINE: 5-758, ISSN (PRIN: 394-696 olue-6, Iue-1, Januay-Febuay-16 Intenational Jounal of Engineeing and Manageent Reeach Page Nube: 1-5 Pefoance Chaacteitic of the 1hp Induction Machine Oti Stephen Ejiofo 1, Nnadi Daian Benneth, Nwou Cajethan Abuchi 3 1,,3 Depatent of Electical Engineeing, Univeity of Nigeia, Nukka, Enugu State, NIGERIA ABSRAC he pefoance attibute of the 1hp induction achine i peented. Fo the featue peented, thee i no doubt a to whethe thi wok tool i elevant in the chee of event. o achieve thi feat, the execie i tated by fundaentally deiving the yte opeating paaete fo the geneally known equivalent cicuit. he othe copleenting value wee calculated fo the achine paaete given, fo which the vaiou pefoance eleent wee iulated in atlab envionent. he iulation eult how a good epone. At the opeating point of 4 pecent lip with about 13.5A a the tato cuent, the achine ha a powe facto of.87 and an efficiency of 85.7pecent. Keywod--- Efficiency, pefoance, equivalent, powefacto I. INRODUCION Contant paaete odel appoach ha been the taditional ethod of pediction of induction achine pefoance. It ha howeve yielded good eult fo both the teady tate and tanient condition [1]. hi chee i being found wanting on oe intance elating to online tating and at tie fo in-uh cuent which give ie to inaccuate electoagnetic toque. hi i why the ue of equivalent cicuit appoach i adopted a it i capable of taking cae of thee dual cae. Induction achine ae pehap the ot widely ued of all electic oto. hey ae geneally iple to build and ugged [-3], offe eaonable aynchonou pefoance: a anageable toque-peed cuve, table opeation unde load, and geneally atifactoy efficiency. Becaue they ae o widely ued, thei opeation and pefoance ae woth undetanding. In addition to thei cuent econoic ipotance, induction oto and geneato ay find application in oe new application with deign that ae not iila to oto cuently in the aket. An exaple i vey high peed oto fo ga copeo, pehap with quiel cage oto, pehap with olid ion o an aggegate of the two. Becaue it i poible that futue, high pefoance induction achine will be equied to have chaacteitic diffeent fo thoe of exiting achine, it i neceay to undetand the baic pinciple and the chaacteitic featue, and thee ae the objective of thi pape. It tat with a cicuit analyi view of the induction achine. he odel analyzed i ued to explain the baic opeation of induction achine. hi analyi i tictly appopiate only fo quiel cage induction achine. Howeve, it can eaily but caefully be adjuted to deal with the wound-oto achine, which eventually lead to an undetanding of oe coplex achine cae. II. DERIAION OF HE PARAMEERS FROM EQUIALEN CIRCUI he equivalent cicuit ethodology a hown in figue (1 i adopted. It i contucted by uing the following et of induction achine paaete: ( R, ( R, and ( R. Each pai epeent eitance and leakage eactance, epectively. he fit pai deal with the tato paaete, while the thid one deal with the oto. he econd pai of paaete take cae of agnetizing effect and odel the geneation of the ai gap flux within the induction oto [4]. 1 Copyight 16. andana Publication. All Right Reeved.
www.ije.net ISSN (ONLINE: 5-758, ISSN (PRIN: 394-696 he eitance expeion 1 R i equivalent to load eitance connected to the econday cicuit of a tanfoe [5, 6]. With the given achine paaete and the equivalent cicuit of figue (1, the chaacteitic gaph wee obtained fo the elation and analyi that follow; the tato cuent I can be calculated fo the input ipedance I Zin a. (1 Zin Z an Z R jx Z. ( R But Z jx // jx..... (3 R ( j * X x jx So that Z. (4 R ( j * X jx Hence, I R j * X ( X * X.. (5 ( R jx R j( X X With the paaete given, the tato cuent i calculated in te of lip a hown in equation (5.4 below, and fo which the chaacteitic epone cuve of figue (6 i obtained. I (.7384 j.9566 4 8.85833 j.74 j( 39.9438 ( 37.95...(6 he calculation o fa bing the iplified equivalent cicuit of figue (5.3 to figue (5.8 below fo whee futhe deduction take place looking at hevenin equivalent value. Figue. Equivalent Cicuit of the AC induction Machine with calculated value Now by uing the venin expeion fo voltage h, aco the two ajo node, the toque h ( x ( jx ( R j( X X.. i evaluated fo (7 By ubtituting, ( 4 / 3 x ( j *38.987 h (8 (.7384 j(.9566 38.987... h 5.33 j4.1655 i.e h 5.379. (9 he toque i given by.7384ω.9566ω.9566ω ( / 3 4 N R (5.44 I 3* ( R h I R x ( X X 38.987.74 Ω I...(1 Copyight 16. andana Publication. All Right Reeved.
www.ije.net ISSN (ONLINE: 5-758, ISSN (PRIN: 394-696 ubtituting alo,.74 3* ( 5.371 x.74 157.8.7384 (.9566.9566.(11 which i educed to, 718.36...(1..74.7384 (.91584 Fo the above equation, the toque lip/peed, powe-lip/peed chaacteitic cuve ae obtained a hown in figue (3 and 7. he epone to the powe facto and efficiency ae alo peented in figue (4 and (5 epectively. III. HE MACHINE PARAMEERS able.1: Induction Machine Paaete Obtained fo Calculation 1HP Induction Moto Paaete Stato Cuent ( I Roto Cuent ( I Stato Reitance ( R Roto Reitance ( R Stato Coe Lo Cuent ( I c Magnetizing Cuent ( I Excitation Cuent ( I Stato Coe Lo Reit. ( Rc Roto Leakage Inductance ( Stato Leakage Inductance ( Magnetizing Reactance ( X Calculated alue 13.4699 A 11.667 A.7384 Ω.74 Ω.3393 A 5.543 A 5.5534 A R 68.58 Ω L.345 H L.345 H 38.987 Ω Slip ( 4.% Roto Fequency ( f. Hz Shaft Load oque ( h 44.41 N N- watt 15 1 5 oque and Powe v peed fo Induction Machine 5 1 15 1 x 14 5 5 1 15 RPM Figue 3. oque, Powe againt peed fo the 1HP induction achine.87 tato powe facto 1.9.8.7.6.5.4.3..1 Powe facto v lip cuve fo IM.1..3.4.5.6.7.8.9 1.4 lip Figue 4. Powe facto againt Slip fo the 1HP induction achine I. HE RESPONSE CURES 3 Copyight 16. andana Publication. All Right Reeved.
www.ije.net ISSN (ONLINE: 5-758, ISSN (PRIN: 394-696 1 Efficiency v lip cuve fo IM 7 oque v peed cuve fo IM 85.7%.8 6.6 5 Efficiency x1.4. -. -.4.1..3.4.5.6.7.8.9 1 4% lip Figue 5. Efficiency againt Slip fo the 1HP induction achine oque 4 3 1 5 1 15 peed Figue 8. Gaph of the oque-speed chaacteitic fo 1HP induction achine 1 9 Stato cuent v lip fo IM. DISCUSSION OF HE SIMULAION RESULS tato cuent(a 8 7 6 5 4 3 13.47 1.1..3.4.5.6.7.8.9 1.4 lip Figue 6. Stato cuent againt lip fo 1HP induction achine oque 4 - -4-6 -8 Geneating egion oque v lip cuve fo IM Maxiu toque Motoing egion Stating toque Baking egion -1 - -1.5-1 -.5.5 1 1.5 lip Figue7. Gaph howing the oque-slip chaacteitic fo 1HP induction achine he tating cuent fo an induction oto i eveal tie the unning cuent and the tating powe facto i uch lowe than the powe facto at ated peed. Both of thee featue tend to caue the upply voltage to dip duing tat-up and can caue poble fo adjacent equipent. he toque-peed/lip chaacteitic of thi induction oto i hown in figue (7 and 8 above along with echanical load toque. he ated toque i uually lightly alle than the tating toque o that load can be tated when ated load i applied. he cuve ha a definite axiu value which can only be upplied fo a vey bief peiod ince the oto will oveheat if it i allowed to tay longe. In figue (6, the epone of cuent to the lip i plotted. he tating cuent i eveal tie lage than the ated cuent ince the back ef induced by Faaday law gow alle a the oto peed inceae. Wheneve a quiel-cage induction oto i tated, the electical yte expeience a cuent uge while the echanical yte expeience toque uge. With line voltage applied to the achine, the cuent can be anywhee fo fou to ten tie the achine full load cuent. he agnitude of the toque (tuning foce that the diven equipent will ee can be above % of the achine full load toque [7]. hee watage of powe due to loe account fo a educed intenal and theal efficiency of the achine [8, 9]. he efficiency-lip cuve in figue (5 ie haply and diectly popotional to the lip until axiu efficiency i eached. Efficiency then dop gadually with inceaing value of lip. hee cuent and toque uge can be educed ubtantially by educing the voltage upplied to the achine duing tating. In figue (9, it i hown that a the applied voltage i inceaed, thee i a conequential 4 Copyight 16. andana Publication. All Right Reeved.
www.ije.net ISSN (ONLINE: 5-758, ISSN (PRIN: 394-696 inceae in the toque fo a given peed. One of the ot noticeable effect of full voltage tating i the diing o flickeing of light duing tating. oque 1 1 8 6 4 IM oque v peed fo vaying input voltage 8 4 [5] A.. Mogan, Geneal theoy of Electical achine, Heyden and on, p. 13, Septebe 1979. [6] D.P Sen Gupta and J.W. Lynn, Electical achine dynaic, Macillan pe, London and Baingtoke, pp.35-37, 198. [7] Squae D. Reduced voltage tating of low voltage thee phae quiel cage IM, Bulletin No. 86PD91, Raleigh, N.C, USA, pp.1-16, June 199. [8] R. Beguenane and M.E.H. Benbouzid, Induction oto theal onitoing by ean of oto eitance identification, IEEE anaction on Enegy conveion, ol.14, No.3, page 71, Septebe 1999. [9] A. Bobaine, M. McCoick, W.F. Low, In-Situ deteination of theal coefficient fo electical achine, IEEE anaction on Enegy Conveion, ol.1, No.3, pp.385-391, Septebe 1995. 5 1 15 RPM Figue 9. oque-speed fo vaying input voltage fo 1HP induction achine I. CONCLUSION he pefoance of thi 1hp induction achine ha been invetigated. he eult obtained fo iulation how a good epone. We have alo een that a deign giving a eduction in upply voltage duing tating will favou eduction in toque and cuent daaging effect. he intenal and theal efficiency of the achine i pooted when unneceay unued powe i aved intead of being wated a heat. REFERENCES [1] O. Ojo, Alfio Conoli, hoa A. Lipo, An ipoved odel of atuated induction achine, IEEE anaction on Induty and application, ol.6, No., pp.1-1, Mach/Apil 199. [] I. Daut, K. Anayet, M. Iwanto, N. Goeh, M. Muzha, M. Ai Syatiah, Paaete Calculation of 5 HP AC Induction Moto, Poceeding of Intenational Confeence on Application and Deign in Mechanical Engineeing (ICADME, Batu Feinghi, Penang, Malayia, pp.1-5,11 13 Octobe 9. [3] Jae L. Kitley J. Electic Machiney, Maachuett Intitute of echnology, Depatent of Electical Engineeing and Copute Science, IEEE anaction on Enegy Conveion, ol.1, No.3, pp.385-391, 5. [4] Ying Huai, Rodeick.N. Melnik and Paul B. hogeen, Coputational analyi of tepeatue ie phenoena in electic induction oto www.elevie.co, Applied theal engineeing, vol. 3, pp.779-795, 3. 5 Copyight 16. andana Publication. All Right Reeved.