Sculpture
Terms In the round- a freestanding sculpted work that can be viewed from all sides 3-D having Height Width and Depth Relief- a raised form on a largely flat background, the design on a coin is in relief Bas-Relief a sculpture carved with very little depth High Relief- a carved panel where the figures projects with a great deal of depth from the background Plane-a flat surface, often implied in the composition Background- the part of a work depicted furthest from the viewer's space, often behind the main subject matter Subtractive-the methodical removal of material to produce a sculptural form Casting-a sculpture or artwork made by pouring a liquid into a mold Form- an object that can be defined in 3 dimensions Additive- a sculpting process in which the artist builds a form by adding material Sketch-a rough preliminary version of a work of part of a work Mass-a volume that has or gives the illusion of having weight density and bulk Armature- a framework or skeleton used to support a sculpture Stylized-art that represents objects in an exaggerated way to emphasize certain aspects of the object Plastic, plasticity- referring to materials that are soft and can be manipulated or to such properties in the materials Expressive-capable of stirring the emotions of the viewer Contrapposto-a pose in sculpture in which the upper part of the body twists in one direction and the lower part in another Patina-surface color or texture on a metal caused by ageing Monumental- having massive or impressive scale Constructivism-an art movement in the soviet union in the 1920 s primarily concerned to make art of use to the working class Space-the distance between identifiable points or planes Assemblage-artwork made of 3-D materials, including found objects Found image/object- an image or object found by an artist and presented, with little or no alteration, as part of a work or as a finished work of art itself Artifact-object made by a person Readymade-an everyday object presented as a work of art Appropriation-the deliberate incorporation in an artwork of material originally created by other artists Kinetic Art-art usually 3D with moving parts impelled by wind personal interaction, or motors Installation-can refer to an intentional environment created as a completed artwork.
Two bison, reliefs in the cave at Le Tuc D Audoubert, France ca 15000-10000 bce 2 length Paleolithic sculptures created reliefs by bringing in river clay into a cave and modeled these bison. Despite being 17000 years old the artist fingerprints are found in the clay.
Menkaure and Khamerernebty from Gizeh, Egypt, fourth dynasty ca 2490-2472 bce 4 6 height. Not an in the round sculpture, its engaged to stone not removed to have it be able to stand
Engaged Columns Detail of the facade of the north palace of the Djoser, saqqara, Egypt 2630-2611 bce Engaged column- a column that is not freestanding, rather engaged to a wall.
Free Standing Sculpture- In the round, Sculpture that can be walked around and can stand on its own. Lady of Auxerre, from Crete, 650-625 bce limestone 2 1 tall Greek Civilization concerned itself with the physics of in the round sculpture
Free Standing Sculpture- In the round, Sculpture that can be walked around and can stand on its own. Kroisos, from Anavysos, Greece, ca 530 bce 6 4 height Greek Civilization concerned itself with the physics of in the round sculpture
Free Standing Sculpture- In the round, Sculpture that can be walked around and can stand on its own. Warrior from the sea off Riace, Italy 460-450bce Greek Civilization concerned itself with the physics of in the round sculpture Contrapposto- a pose in sculpture in which the upper part of the body twists in one direction and the lower part in another Bronze Casting-https://youtu.be/W8GmKJXoTO8 Additive- creating sculpture by adding material Subtractive- Creating sculpture by subtracting material
Lysippos, Weary Herakles 320 BCE
Pushing beyond Traditional methods Earthwork-monumental sculptural works made by the surface of the work itself Robert Smithson-Spiral Jetty 1969-70 https://youtu.be/vrbnshs7pte
Pushing beyond Traditional methods Earthwork-monumental sculptural works made by the surface of the work itself Michael Heizer, Levitated mass 2011 https://youtu.be/6udssa-qi_4
Pushing beyond Traditional methods Earthwork-monumental sculptural works made by the surface of the work itself Michael Heizer, Levitated mass 2011 https://youtu.be/6udssa-qi_4
Assemblage-artwork made of 3-d materials https://youtu.be/vgtws3wu_zu Meret Oppenheim Object, fur lined teacup, https://youtu.be/ke27kd73_k8
Readymade- an everyday object presented as sculpture https://youtu.be/fmjsuyyc-3m Marcel Duchamp, Fountain 1917
Kinetic Sculpture-Sculpture with moving parts, impelled by wind, human interaction, or motors Lazlo Moholy Nagy, Light prop for an electric stage, 1929-1930 https://youtu.be/qhdk19meztk
Installation- a construction of a space or the assembly of objects to create an environment. We are encourage to experience the work physically using all our senses, perhaps entering the work itself https://youtu.be/_bujpdxkmz8 James Turrell