Millimeter Wave Wireless Communications Workshop #1: 5G Cellular Communications Miah Md Suzan, Vivek Pal 30.09.2015
5G Definition (Functinality and Specification) The number of connected Internet of Things (IoT) is estimated to reach 50 Billion by 2020 [1] Mobile data traffic is expected to grow to 24.3 Exabytes per month by 2019 [2] 4G systems are already stretched to near-breaking points 5G? 2
5G Definition (Functinality and Specification) 5G technologies to meet: Unprecedented speeds, Near-wireline latencies, Ubiquitous connectivity with uniform QoE, and The ability to connect massive amounts of devices with each other, All working in unison to provide the user with an immersive experience, even while the user is on the move. P.C. [3] 3
Key Enabling Technology mmwave System 10 times more bandwidth than the 4G cellular-the mmwave bands can support the higher data rates Higher pathloss compared to microwave frequencies. For example, atmospheric absorption loss due to H2O and O2 at 28 GHz would be around 0.02 db at a distance of 200 meters the small mmwave highly directional beamforms can be obtained using a large number of antenna elements. These adaptive directional beams with large antenna array gain are key in combating the large propagation loss in the mmwave 4
Technical Challenge Pathloss @ mmwave Frequency In may 2013, Samsung electronics became the first documented firm to have physically made a 5G communication link. Samsung transmitted data in the mmwave band at a frequency of 28 GHz at a speed of up to 1.056 Gbps to distance of up to 2 km. The adaptive array transceiver technology, using 64 antenna elements, can be a viable solution for overcoming the radio propagation loss [4]. Semiconductor technology for mmwave semiconductor component, for example mixers, LNAs, Pas are now available at 60 GHz, e.g. WiGig [5] P.C. [4] 5
Enabling Technology Advanced small cell Expected to use mmwave frequency- dense small cell deployment User centric virtual cell- consists of a group of cooperating BSs is continuously reformed so that any user will always at the center of the cell Distributed and self-configuring network technologies-wireless backhaul between BSs to reduce cost and complexity P.C. [3] 6
Enabling Technology Advanced D2D D2D devices can communicate directly with one another when they are in close proximity a single radio resource can be reused among multiple we can increase the spectral efficiency and the number of the simultaneous connection since the data is directly transmitted and not going through the core network, the end-to-end latency can be considerably reduced. P.C. [3] 7
Technical Challenge @ mmwave Frequency High performance antenna solution High propagation losses @ mmwave frequency can be mitigate utilizing efficient MIMO beaforming techniques directional communication The antenna array comprising of multiple antenna elements must fit within the small form factor of a 5G mobile handset. Digital beamforming one dedicated RF chain for each antenna Analog beamforming (using analog phase shifter) performance loss due to constant-amplitude beamformer- no spatial multiplexing Hybrid precoding- the precoding is implemented in two stages with a baseband digital precoding using a limited number of RF chains followed by a RF-band analog processing through a network of phase shifters. 8
Technical Challenge @ mmwave Frequency Advance antenna solution to reduce signal processing complexity and RF chain cost without notable performance Lens antenna array to reduce RF chains required the fundamental principle of EM lenses is to provide variable phase shifting for EM rays at different points on the lens aperture so as to achieve angle of arrival (AoA)/departure (AoD)-dependent energy focusing, i.e., a receiving (transmitting) lens antenna array is able to focus (steer) the incident (departure) signals with sufficiently separated AoAs (AoDs) to (from) different antenna subsets. 9
References 1. - 2. -. 3. White paper on 5g by Samsung. Available on: http://www.samsung.com/global/business images/insights/2015/samsung-5g-vision-0.pdf 4. Roh, W.; Ji-Yun Seol; Jeongho Park; Byunghwan Lee; Jaekon Lee; Yungsoo Kim; Jaeweon Cho; Kyungwhoon Cheun; Aryanfar, F., "Millimeter-wave beamforming as an enabling technology for 5G cellular communications: theoretical feasibility and prototype results," in Communications Magazine, IEEE, vol.52, no.2, pp.106-113, February 2014 5. WiGig - WiGig White Paper, Jul. 2010. 10
Thank YOU 11