Student:... FURNITURE CONSTRUCTION Materials used in furniture making in Australia MANUFACTURING MODULE A learning resource about the materials used in furniture making in Australia, including solid timber (indigenous and imported), veneer board, plywood, laminate, and other raw materials, hardware and consumables. Compiled by Adrian Lemcke and Elinor Archer Book 1
This booklet has been compiled as a written version of the Learning Toolbox specifically for the use of college students to prepare them for the Certifcate 1 in Furniture Construction. To gain the nationally recognised accreditation Certificate 1 in Furniture Construction you are required to be assessed as competent in 7 of the following competencies (4 core and 3 elective) CODE COMPETENCY TITLE CORE OR ELECTIVE NOMINAL HOURS MSAPMOHS1OOA Follow OHS procedures C 40 MSAPMSUP106A Work in a team C 40 MSAPMOPS101A Make measurements C 20 MSAPMSUP102A LMFFM1001B LMFFM1002B LMFFM2001B LMFFM2002B LMFFM2003B Description Communicate in the workplace Construct a basic timber furnishing product Operate basic woodworking machines furniture making sector hand and power tools Assemble furnishing components Select and apply hardware A learning resource about the materials used in furniture making in Australia, including solid timber (Indigenous and imported), veneer board, plywood, laminate, and other raw materials, hardware and consumables. C 15 E 100 E 100 E 40 E 20 E 16 LMFFM2005B Join solid timber E 8 LMFFM2006B Hand make timber joints E 40 MSAENV272B Participate in environmentally sustainable work practices E _ 2 FURNITURE CONSTRUCTION - MANUFACTURING MODULE
TASK 1 When to use solid timber What are some of the benefits of solid timber? What are some of the problems with solid timber? sizes What is the smallest width and thickness of timber you can buy? What is the largest width and thickness of timber you can buy? Buying timber What is the difference between lineal meters and cubic meters? Lineal measure Multiply the price per section size by the number of lineal metres (Lm). Example: with a section size 100 x 25 costs $5.50 per lineal metre. If you need 2.4 m, this will cost 2.4 x $5.50 = $13.20. Cubic metre measure this method works out the volume in cubic metres (m3), to the nearest 0.001m3. Volume = Width (mm) x Thickness (mm) x Length (m) 1,000,000 = Cubic metres Which unit of measurement would you use when buying a piece of piece of timber from the hardware store? Which unit of measurement would you use when ordering large quantities of timber from a timber mill? FURNITURE CONSTRUCTION - MANUFACTURING MODULE 3
Local Name the eight local and imported timbers listed on the website and their uses. Which types of timber are most commonly used in the Hawker woodshop? 4 FURNITURE CONSTRUCTION - MANUFACTURING MODULE
TASK 2 Other raw materials Veneer board List 3 of the properties of particle board and MDF List 3 of the uses of particle board and MDF What precautions should be taken when using these materials? What is the most common sheet size for these materials? What thicknesses do they come in? Where can these material be purchased in Canberra? Plywood List 3 of the properties of plywood What are the most common ranges of sheet sizes of plywood? What is the most common standard thicknesses of plywood? List at least 3 different uses for plywood in the furniture industry. Where can plywood be purchased in Canberra? FURNITURE CONSTRUCTION - MANUFACTURING MODULE 5
Laminate What manufactured boards are used to support plastic laminate? What special surface finishes do laminate posses? What are the common thicknesses of plastic laminate? Name 3 use for plastic laminate? What are the properties of plastic laminate that make it ideal for the uses you have identified What type of adhesive is used to glue plastic laminate? Postforming What is post forming? Edge treatments What are edge treatments? Why are edge treatments used? What are 4 materials edge treatments are made from? 1. 2. 3. 4. 6 FURNITURE CONSTRUCTION - MANUFACTURING MODULE
List 4 different ways edge treatments can be applied Corian List 3 properties of Corian Where can Corian be purchased in Canberra? List 3 different uses for Corian? Glass and mirrors List 3 reasons glass is used in the furniture industry How is window glass made? What is the normal thickness of glass in cabinets? What unit of measurement is plate glass sold by? What sort of surface finish is on plate glass? FURNITURE CONSTRUCTION - MANUFACTURING MODULE 7
How is obscure glass made? Where is obscure glass used? TASK 3 Hardware and fittings Do an Internet search to identify the following hardware fittings and describe what they are used for: Stays Escutcheons Hasp and staple Do an Internet search to find how long a piano hinge can be supplied Where would a glide be used? Consumables List 3 categories of workshop consumables Screws List 3 uses for screws 8 FURNITURE CONSTRUCTION - MANUFACTURING MODULE
What are the 3 main parts of a screw? What are the 4 different screw head types? Nails List the 3 main parts of a nail What unit of measurement are nails sold by? (circle answer) Number Weight Volume Nail the 3 main nail head types used in the furniture industry. Dowels Why are a widening joints used? What are the 2 main uses for dowels? Biscuits What 2 sorts of joints are suitable for biscuit joining? What does the biscuit do after coming into contact with the adhesive? What type of joint has been replaced by biscuits? FURNITURE CONSTRUCTION - MANUFACTURING MODULE 9
Adhesives What are the most common varieties of adhesives? What are protein adhesives made from? Are protein adhesives, are they water resistant? (circle answer) Yes No List the 3 main synthetic resin adhesives used in the furniture industry Is PVA suitable for use with non porous materials like metal and plastic? (circle answer) Yes No Is urea formaldehyde good for outdoor weather exposure? (circle answer) Yes No Would epoxy resin be needed to glue a jewellery box together? (circle answer) Yes No Which of the above adhesives would be best for building a boat? (circle answer) Urea formaldehyde Epoxy PVA Which adhesive is most commonly used in the Hawker Woodshop? (circle answer) Urea formaldehyde Epoxy PVA Lacquers and finishes What is meant by finishing a piece of furniture? What are the 3 main reasons that timber if finished? Why are most finishes hazardous to our health? 10 FURNITURE CONSTRUCTION - MANUFACTURING MODULE
What is PPE? (Do an internet search for this question) What is MSDS? (Do an internet search for this question) How are oils finishes applied? What are the main 2 ways varnish are applied? 1. 2. How is cellulose lacquer applied? Which of the above finishes is most commonly used in the furniture industry? Which type of finish is used in the Hawker Woodshop? Sandpaper What are the 3 main materials that make up a sheet of sandpaper? What are the main 2 abrasive materials used in sandpaper? Which of the above 2 materials is used in furniture finishing? What are the 4 coarsenesses of abrasive paper? List the 4 most common gritt sizes you have seen in the Hawker Woodshop 1. 2. 3. 4. FURNITURE CONSTRUCTION - MANUFACTURING MODULE 11
Materials resource Quiz Question 1 Which one of the following adhesives is not suitable for the biscuit joinery technique? A. PVA B. Gel adhesives C. Urea formaldehyde D. Animal glue Question 2 Which of the following adhesives is most commonly used when applying plastic laminates to a flat surface by hand? A. Urea formaldehyde B. PVA C. Contact adhesive D. Animal glue Question 3 By which methods is sawn solid timber generally priced and sold? A. By weight B. By lineal metre C. According to diameter D. By cubic metre Question 4 Which of the following abbreviations is a means of identifying potential health hazards when working with a broad range of materials? A. PVA B. MSDS C. MDF D. PVC 12 FURNITURE CONSTRUCTION - MANUFACTURING MODULE
Question 5 Which of the following joinery processes are commonly used with the dowelling technique? A. Rebating B. Morticing and tenoning C. Frames and widening D. Finger joints Question 6 Which of the following adhesives should be used for an outdoor application where resistance to moisture was critical? A. PVA B. Urea formaldehyde C. Animal glue D. Epoxy Question 7 How do you calculate the price of a sheet of glass of a particular thickness? A. Per cubic metre B. Per square metre C. Per lineal metre D. Per kilogram Question 8 Finishes are generally applied to timber surfaces for three main reasons. Which of the following is not a reason for applying finishes? A. Personal preference B. Protection C. Hygiene D. Decoration Question 9 Which one of the materials below is the main ingredient in modern oil finishes? A. Tung oil B. Linseed oil C. Olive oil D. Fish oil FURNITURE CONSTRUCTION - MANUFACTURING MODULE 13
Student Marking Rubric LMFFM2003B LMFFM1001B MSAPMOHS1OOA Demonstrates very limited understanding and knowledge of appropriate materials used in the furniture manufacturing industry E D C B A Demonstrates limited understanding and knowledge of appropriate materials used in the furniture manufacturing industry Demonstrates an understanding and knowledge of appropriate materials used in the furniture manufacturing industry Demonstrates a good understanding and knowledge of appropriate materials used in the furniture manufacturing industry Demonstrates a thorough understanding and knowledge of appropriate materials used in the furniture manufacturing industry VET NYC COMPETENT Grade BSSS E D C B A VET - Not Yet Competent - Competent Comment 14 FURNITURE CONSTRUCTION - MANUFACTURING MODULE