We make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give

Authors Wang Jianshi, the 17 th son of Ong Seok Kim, was born in Sitiawan. In 1947, at the age of 11, Jianshi followed his elder brother Jianque to China where he resides permanently. He graduated in history from Xiamen University, Xiamen. Jianshi taught logistics and philosophy at Jiangxi Communist Labour University in Nanchang City from 1959 to 1982; and at Huaqiao University in Quanzhou from 1982 to 1987. He was an editor of the department s news bulletin from 1987 till his retirement in 1996. Ong Eng-Joo, the 25 th son of Ong Seok Kim, was born in Sitiawan. He was educated at St Francis School and Anglo-Chinese School in Sitiawan, Perak State, and later in University of Science Malaysia in Penang, and Macquarie University in Sydney, Australia. He worked as a town planner and economist in the public and private sectors in Kuala Lumpur for more than a decade. In 1988, Eng-Joo and his family migrated to Australia. In Sydney, he worked as an environmental planner for a local council and later for the New South Wales Government for two decades. In latter years, he established his own consulting firm and practised as an environmental planner. Preface i

We make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give - Winston Churchill ii Biography of Ong Seok Kim

NO OTHER WAY OUT A Biography of Ong Seok Kim A Pioneer in Chinese Education in Malaysia, Social Worker and Philanthropist Wang Jianshi Ong Eng-Joo Consultant and Editor Lena Khaw SIRD Strategic Information and Research Development Centre Petaling Jaya, Malaysia Preface iii

First published in 2013 by Strategic Information and Research Development Centre No. 11, Lorong 11/4E, 46200 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia Email: sird@streamyx.com Website: www.gerakbudaya.com Copyright 2013 Wang Jianshi and Ong Eng-Joo All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Wang, Jianshi No Other Way Out : A Biography of Ong Seok Kim : A Pioneer in Chinese Education in Malaysia, Social Worker and Philanthropist / Wang Jianshi, Ong Eng-Joo; Consultant and Editor; Lena Khaw. ISBN 978-967-5832-95-6 1. Ong, Seok Kim, 1884-1964. 2. Chinese--Education--Malaysia--History. 3. Social Workers--Malaysia--Biography. 4. Philanthropists--Malaysia--Biography. I. Ong, Eng-Joo. II. Khaw, Lena III. Title. IV. Series. 370.92 Cover design and layout by Janice Cheong Printed by Vinlin Press Sdn Bhd 2, Jalan Meranti Permai 1, Meranti Permai Industrial Park, Batu 15, Jalan Puchong, 47100 Puchong, Selangor, Malaysia. iv Biography of Ong Seok Kim

Their (the Chinese immigrants) energy and enterprise have made the Malay States what they are today and it would be impossible to overstate the obligation which the Malay Government and people are under to these hardworking, capable, and law-abiding aliens... In all the early days it was Chinese energy and industry which supplied the funds to begin the construction of roads and public works, and to pay for all the other costs of administration... They brought all the capital into the country when the Europeans feared to take the risk; they were the traders and the shopkeepers. Their steamers first opened regular communication between the ports of the colony and the ports of the Malay States. - Sir Frank Swettenham British Malaya An Account of the Origin and Progress of British Influence in Malaya, London: John Lane The Bodley Head, 1906, p. 232 Preface v

ONG SEOK KIM 1884-1964 vi Biography of Ong Seok Kim

To ONG SEOK KIM For your contributions, carried out with passion, dedication, compassion, honesty, integrity; for your belief in humankind in the 50 years (1912-1962) of charity works, in particular Chinese education, in Dindings (now known as Manjung) District, State of Perak, Malaysia, that is and will be a continued inspiration to your family - present and future generations - and the community at large. Preface vii

viii Biography of Ong Seok Kim

Contents Preface Acknowledgements List of Maps and Charts List of Appendices List of Photos List of Attachments Chapter ONE xi xiv xvii xviii xix xxiii The Start of Things to Come 1 1.1 In the Beginning 1 1.2 The New Beginning at Teluk Anson, Perak 8 Chapter Two Ancestry, Family Structure and Family Profiles 17 2.1 The Royal Roots - Ancestral Ties: Tracing the Roots 17 2.2 Ong Seok Kim 22 2.3 The First Family 27 2.4 The Second Family 27 2.5 The Third Family 31 2.6 Some Observations 32 2.7 Family Profiles 32 2.8 Wang/Ong Generation/Middle Names 33 Chapter THREE Contributions to Society 47 3.1 Aik Tee Recreation Association (Aik Tee Soo Poh Seah) 47 3.2 Sitiawan Rubber Traders Association 50 3.3 Sitiawan Chinese Cemetery, Lumut Road, Pundut 51 3.4 Sitiawan Chinese Maternity Hospital 52 3.5 Social Contribution to China 52 3.6 Other Charity Organisations 58 Chapter FOUR Contributions to Education 69 4.1 Chung Cheng Primary School, Sitiawan 70 4.2 Perceptions on Ong Seok Kim in His Charity Works for Chung Cheng Primary School 76 4.3 Nan Hwa High School, Sitiawan 85 4.4 Ping Min Free School, Lumut 98 4.5 Dindings High School, Lumut 101 4.6 Services to Other Schools in Manjung District, Perak; and Betong, Thailand 110 4.7 In Essence 110 4.8 Some Perspectives 112 Chapter FIVE The Man Himself 129 5.1 A Self-Portrait 129 5.2 Filial to Family 130 5.3 The Businessman - His Pain and His Gain 135 5.4 Character and Philosophy of The Man 138 5.5 Loyalties and Support to Motherland 141 5.6 Japanese Occupation - Refusal to be a Traitor 143 5.7 The Family Man 149 5.8 Man of Compassion and a Big Heart 152 5.9 Letter to His Children 154 5.10 Twilight Years 156 5.11 The Planner Right to the End 160 5.12 Summary 162 Chapter SIX Epilogue - In Memory of Ong Seok Kim 181 Preface ix

x Biography of Ong Seok Kim

Preface This book has been five years in the making. This biography of Ong Seok Kim ( ), which centres on his life and community and education works, is based on Wang Jianshi s ( 王建士 ) (author and 17 th son) rewrite and update of the original 1962 Ong Seok Kim Memoirs ( 回忆录 ) which was written by Seok Kim two years before his passing on May 31, 1964. Jianshi s memoirs of his father have been revised several times, the latest being version seven in 2012 as more information of the man became available. The other author - Ong Eng-Joo ( 王永裕 ) (25 th son) - immersed himself into the project on his retirement three years ago. The initial plan was to further update and expand the Ong Seok Kim Memoirs, detailing his life, his ancestry, his philosophy, his education and charity works, his legacy and to a limited extent, his family. But as the project got underway, it became important that sufficient information was included of his whole family - Seok Kim s (and our) ancestors and his descendants, so that the family has information of other family members and the connections between them. In fact, that was the wish of Seok Kim, as expressed in his 1962 Memoirs, stressing the importance of support among his children and the importance of being close to family members, especially those in China. However, in order not to detract from the extraordinary life and educational and societal contributions of Seok Kim, it was decided to detail the family in a separate book entitled Ong Seok Kim Family Book 2013 ( 家庭书 2013). In the production of this book, many of Seok Kim s photos were borrowed from family members. The photos were scanned, retouched and fixed for damages so that they are suitable for inclusion into the book. In the collection of data, Aik Tee Recreation Association ( 益智韦报社 ), one of the founders of which was Seok Preface xi

Kim and for which he was Chairman for 40 years, was approached for documents and photos of Seok Kim. But unfortunately most were destroyed during the Japanese Occupation. The five schools - S.R.J.K. Chung Cheng, S.R.J.K. Ping Min, S.M.J.K. Nan Hwa, Nan Hwa High School (Private) and S.M.J.K. Dindings - for which Seok Kim was the founder/pioneer, were then approached. Old school magazines, some edited and published by Seok Kim, were borrowed and scanned. Relevant photos were then cropped, retouched and fixed for inclusion into the book. The schools had permitted photos to be taken outside and within its premises. The schools have honoured Seok Kim s contributions in the form of plaques, boards with inscription of Chairpersons of the School Board and with his photos hanging in the school halls. Visits were made to the Jindou Ancestral Temple and Quanzhou Ancestral Temple, Fujian, China. The museum of Quanzhou Ancestral Temple is rich in the history of the Wang/Ong ( 王 ) ancestry. A number of photographs of our visit were taken there and can be viewed in Chapter 2. This book is published in English even though Seok Kim was Chinese-educated and most of his charity and societal works, in particular in the field of Chinese education, were for the benefit of the local Chinese community where he lived and built his business. For it to go back to its roots, we have started action to translate this book into Chinese so that the Chinese community, in particular educationalists and students in the schools that Seok Kim pioneered/founded and together with his descendants in China and those not proficient in English, will benefit and be inspired by his life, his philosophy and his charity and societal works. We have targeted the translation work to be completed by end of 2013 and the book to be published in mid-2014. This book is part of a larger scheme that we are undertaking to preserve and publicise our heritage, in particular the contributions of Seok Kim to Chinese education and charity covering a period of almost 50 years. We have also established the ongseokkim.com ( 网络 ) website in his honour to provide the family, future generations and the community with inspiration of his selfless contributions to society. The website is in English and Chinese. For the family, we have published a Family Directory ( 家庭姓名地址录 ) to provide connections between family members. In this regard, we have also established the family structure and provided family details in myheritage website which includes family trees, family profiles, portraits, photos of family members and basic personal details such as year of birth, date of marriage and date of passing of family members. The Ong Seok Kim Family Book 2013, ongseokkim.com, Family Directory and myheritage website are not static projects. They are and will be updated regularly as births, xii Biography of Ong Seok Kim

marriages and deaths take place. It is our hope that more family members, especially the younger generations, will participate in these projects so that his legacy and heritage will live on for the knowledge, benefit and inspiration not only for the present, but also for future generations. In our own little way, as his descendants, we hope to eternalise the flame that Seok Kim lit. Wang Jianshi 17 th son of Ong Seok Kim September 2013 Ong Eng-Joo 25 th son of Ong Seok Kim September 2013 Preface xiii

Acknowledgements A book of such immensity and complexity, spanning a period of more than a century, can be successfully completed only with the assistance and contributions of a large number of organisations and individuals. We are grateful to the principals and managements of S.R.J.K. Chung Cheng, S.R.J.K. Ping Min, S.M.J.K. Nan Hwa, Nan Hwa High School (Private) and S.M.J.K. Dindings, schools that Ong Seok Kim pioneered, in providing us with documents, in particular old school magazines, and access to their libraries, for our research. We are indebted to the Quanzhou Ancestral Temple for allowing us access to its museum and to take photos of its displays some of which are included in this book. Our gratitude goes to Quah Gim Choo, Mah Sum Fatt, Lim Ming Teng and Soo Swee Lim for providing us with documents and photographs relating to Aik Tee Recreation Association (formerly Aik Tee Soo Poh Seah) and the Ong Seok Kim Memorial Education Fund. We acknowledge and are grateful for their generous contributions in managing the Fund in memory of our father and managing Aik Tee Recreation Association, an Association which Seok Kim was one of the founders and Chairman for 40 years. To the pioneers, Ng Kuok Thai, Saw Seng Chor, Ong Boon Tee, Kong Kar Hin, Quah Gim Choo among others, who established the Ong Seok Kim Memorial Education Fund in honour and memory of Seok Kim, his family wishes to express its deep appreciation. We are indebted to our relatives - brothers, sisters, nephews, nieces, grandnephews, grandnieces and cousins - for their contributions in providing us with photographs and information of their family and feedback on the book. To top it, we appreciate your warm hospitality during our visits and your trust in lending us your invaluable family photographs for inclusion into the book. xiv Biography of Ong Seok Kim

In particular, Yufeng and Robin Wu Chunyu s roles in greatly assisting in gathering of information from relatives in China, without whom this biography would be incomplete. To Wang Ping and Chen Yanling, who spent time driving us around Yongchun and the surrounding areas, Quanzhou and Xiamen to meet relatives and to visit our father s birth place, our ancestral home and the Wang/ Ong ancestral temples (Quanzhou Ancestral Temple and Jindou Ancestral Temple), this project owes to them its history and background. With their assistance, we also managed to visit Seok Kim s early work place in Wulijae and the route he took out of Yongchun to Malaya, now Malaysia. We are are also grateful to our brothers Thean Teng and It Shaw (David), and nephew Chong Eng for taking us around Kuala Lumpur and surrounding areas and to various parts of Malaysia - Sitiawan, Penang, Ipoh, Kuala Kangsar and Johor Bahru - to meet family members during the information gathering stage. On the other side of the world, Geok Yen (Grace) provided us with a base to meet relatives in Melbourne, for which we are appreciative. The preparation of the book was complex, involving the use of various computer software. Being not particularly computer savvy, we are indebted to Andy Goh Ting Fong and Andrew Springell for their ever-willing support in providing us with assistance to resolve our inadequacies in computer skills. As well, Andy Goh Ting Fong, and Denis Jenkins lent their talent in retouching most of the black and white photos and coloured ones, while Eddie Neo provided guidance in the use of Indesign software and the setting up of templates for the layout of photos. To them we say a big thank you. Almost all primary sources were in Chinese. This was particularly challenging as Jianshi had limited knowledge of English and Eng-Joo, limited knowledge of Chinese. We, therefore, relied on family members and friends, who were well versed in both languages, for translation works. In this regard, we are greatly indebted to Tan Kuan Hong, Philip Zheng Haibo, Robin Wu Chunyu, Winnie Chee Lim Hoon, Simon Lee Chin Sin, Jimmy Goh Then Kang and Jimmy Lou whose competencies in translation made it possible to produce this book. Lena Khaw, who teaches English Proficiency at the University of Malaya and other local institutions to undergraduate and postgraduate students, is the consultant and editor who put the book together. Coming from a similar migrant background with a similar Hokkien family structure she has enabled an indepth understanding of the circumstances of the migration of our father to Malaya and the Seok Kim family structure. Her command of the language and easy writing style has presented the story in an easily readable form for the family and the public. We are grateful for her insights. Freddie Cheah, who has worked as a senior journalist and subeditor in Australia, China, Malaysia and Singapore, Acknowledgements xv

assisted greatly in proof-reading the manuscript and made a large number of useful amendments and suggestions to ensure consistency and improve readibility. We are appreciative of his contributions to the book. In ensuring that the book gets published in time, we are very grateful to Chong Ton Sin of Strategic Information and Research Development Centre who took up the challenge of a tight schedule, and to Janice Cheong, the graphic designer, for the meticulous work and the patience she showed in last-minute changes. Many have contributed towards the preparation of this book, but the responsibility for its failings and shortcomings must solely rest with both of us. Most of all, this book is in memory of our father, Seok Kim, who had the foresight and gift to document the events, happenings of his life journey with his thoughts accompanying them, thus leaving a legacy for his descendants to be proud of and to emulate. To him we are eternally grateful for the documentation work undertaken. We will cherish the great works he had done, despite the adversities he sometimes faced. We as a family are stronger for this. xvi Biography of Ong Seok Kim

List of Maps and Charts 1 Map of Quanzhou Prefecture, Fujian, China xxv 2 Map of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore xxvi 3 Map of Manjung (Dindings) District and Surrounding Areas, State of Perak, Peninsular Malaysia xxvii Chapter ONE 1.1 Map of Ipoh and Surrounding Areas, State of Perak 9 1.2 Map of Manjung (Dindings) District, State of Perak 12 Chapter TWO 2.1 Origin of Wang/Ong Surname - 2,500-Year History 18 2.2 Family Structure 28 Chapter FOUR 4.1 Plan of Ong Seok Kim for Dindings High School, 1953 101 List of Maps and Charts xvii

List of Appendices 1 Sample of Ong Seok Kim s Calligraphy A-2 2 Sample of Certificates for Junior Middle Three and Teachers Training Course endorsed by the Overseas Chinese Affairs Bureau in Chongqing A-4 3 Introduction to Hometown Yongchun to My Children A-5 4 Travelling to Hometown by Sea or Land A-6 5 Office Bearers - Ong Seok Kim Memorial Education Fund, 1965-2013 A-7 6 Financial Awards and Aid - Ong Seok Kim Memorial Education Fund, 1966-2012 A-12 7 A Summary of Ong Seok Kim s Significant Lifetime Events in Chronological Order A-14 xviii Biography of Ong Seok Kim

List of Photos Chapter ONE 1.1 The house where Ong Seok Kim was born 2 1.2 The house where Ong Seok Kim lived, 1887-1898 3 1.3 The street in Wulijae where Ong Seok Kim worked 5 1.4 Crossroads in Penghu where Ong Seok Kim rested on his journey to Nanyang 6 1.5 Authors Jianshi and Eng-Joo at Crossroads, Penghu 7 1.6 Xiamen Port (Amoy Port) in early 1900s 7 1.7 Xiamen Port, 2013 8 1.8 Ong Seok Kim - a sketch 12 Chapter TWO 2.1 Slogan of Pioneers of Fujian Province 21 2.2 A sketch of Wang Shengzhi, first King of Fujian 22 2.3 An idol of Wang Shengzhi, first King of Fujian 22 2.4 Tomb of Wang Shengzhi in Fuzhou, Fujian, China 22 2.5 Descendants of Ong Seok Kim and Jindou Ancestral Temple s committee members 23 2.6 Quanzhou Ancestral Temple 24 2.7 Altar at Quanzhou Ancestral Temple 25 2.8 Three Wangs - Wang Shengzhi, Wang Shengui and Wang Chao 26 2.9 Wang Chunchi, father of Ong Seok Kim 27 2.10 Khoo Saw Kee, Ong Seok Kim s second wife 29 2.11 Ong Seok Kim s second family 30 2.12 Phie Ah Im, Ong Seok Kim s third wife 31 Chapter THREE 3.1 Aik Tee Recreation Association basketball team, 1937 48 3.2 Ong Seok Kim speaking at Aik Tee s 50 th anniversary, 1962 48 3.3 Aik Tee s office/library, 1951-2010, which it shared with Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA) 49 List of Photos xix

3.4 Aik Tee s centennial celebrations, 2012 50 3.5 Tomb of Ong Seok Kim and his two wives in Sitiawan Chinese Cemetery, Lumut Road 51 3.6 Sitiawan Chinese Cemetery, Lumut Road, 2013 51 3.7 Sitiawan Chinese Maternity Hospital, 1938 52 3.8 Sitiawan Chinese Maternity Hospital now converted to home for senior citizens, 2013 52 3.9 1940 Malayan Comfort Mission photos on display in Tan Kah Kee Memorial Museum, Xiamen, China 55 3.10 Descendants of Ong Seok Kim in Tan Kah Kee Memorial Museum, Xiamen, China 56 3.11 1940 Malayan Comfort Mission photos on display in Tan Kah Kee Memorial Mausoleum, Xiamen, China 57 Chapter FOUR 4.1 Board in Chung Cheng Primary School showing Chairpersons of School Board, 1920-2012 70 4.2 Tan Yoon Yee 70 4.3 Chung Cheng Primary School, 1924 71 4.4 Lim Nya alias Hup Choon Ma 73 4.5 Ong Seok Kim 73 4.6 Chung Cheng Primary School, 1937 75 4.7 Chung Cheng Primary School, 1940 77 4.8 Chung Cheng Primary School, 1946 79 4.9 Chung Cheng Primary School, 1947 80 4.10 Chung Cheng Primary School, 1950 82 4.11 Photo of Ong Seok and his second and third wives in a classroom in Chung Cheng Primary School 83 4.12 Chung Cheng Primary School, 1954 84 4.13 Chung Cheng Primary School, 2013 85 4.14 No. 54 Main Road, Kampung Koh, the first premises of Nan Hwa High School 86 4.15 Founding of Nan Hwa High School, 1936 87 4.16 Temporary attap-roofed building of Nan Hwa High School at rear of No. N-126 Kampung Koh Road, Sitiawan, 1936 88 4.17 Haw Par Assembly Hall, 2013 90 4.18 Arrival of Aw Boon Haw in an aeroplane to opening ceremony of Haw Par Assembly Hall, 1940 92 4.19 School activity in front of Haw Par Assembly Hall, 1940 93 4.20 Nan Hwa High School, 1940 93 4.21 Nan Hwa High School (Private), Sitiawan 94 4.22 S.M.J.K. Nan Hwa, 2013 95 4.23 Board showing Chairpersons of School Board 1936-2010 on display in museum of Nan Hwa High School (Private) 96 4.24 Ong Kean Hoe, 19 th son of Ong Seok Kim presenting Encyclopaedia of Modern China to S.M.J.K. Nan Hwa on May 28, 2013 96 4.25 Board showing contributions of Ong Seok Kim to Nan Hwa and other schools and charity works on display in museum of Nan Hwa High School (Private) 97 xx Biography of Ong Seok Kim

4.26 Board showing Chairpersons, Ping Min Free School, 1951-2011 hangs in the school hall, 2013 98 4.27a; 4.27b Ping Min Free School, 1952 98 4.28 Ping Min Free School, 1961 99 4.29 Photos of Ong Seok Kim, Saw Cheng Chor and Sim Teng Guan (first principal) hang at doorway of the school hall, 2013 100 4.30 S.R.J.K. Ping Min, 2013 100 4.31 Government Rest House, Lumut 102 4.32 Vacant land for Dindings High School, 1953 102 4.33 Ong Seok Kim on his rounds to supervise construction of the school, 1953 103 4.34 The school canteen, 1953 103 4.35 Dindings High School, 1958 104 4.36 Dindings High School, 1961 106 4.37 Photos of Ong Seok Kim, Saw Seng Chor and Ng Kuok Thai on display in school hall, 2013 109 4.38 Board showing Chairpersons of Dindings High School, 1954 to date hangs in the school hall, 2013 110 4.39 Representatives of Chinese schools in Dindings District at the palace of the Sultan of Perak 111 4.40 Chinese schools in Manjung District, 1947 112 4.41 Chinese schools in Manjung District, 1952 113 4.42 Pei Ching Primary School, Beruas, 2013 113 4.43 Eng Ling Primary School, Lumut, 2013 113 4.44a; 4.44b Khuen Hean Primary School, Changkat Keruing, 2013 114 4.45 Pei Min Primary School, Segari, 2013 115 Chapter FIVE 5.1 Jinxingtang, the family house Ong Seok Kim built in Jindou in 1910 (1980s photo) 131 5.2 30-year-old Ong Seok Kim, 1914 132 5.3 Jinxingtang, the family house Ong Seok Kim built in Jindou in 1910 (2012 photo) 133 5.4 47-year-old Ong Seok Kim, 1931 137 5.5 The house Ong Seok Kim built in Sitiawan in 1928 139 5.6 61-year-old Ong Seok Kim, 1945 149 5.7 Ong Kean Hin, Ong Seok Kim s nephew 152 5.8 Teoh Chai Yean, Ong Seok Kim s mother-in-law 153 5.9 Khoo Toon Suan, Ong Seok Kim s brother-in-law 153 5.10 11-year-old Jianshi (author) leaving for China, 1947 157 5.11 79-year-old Ong Seok Kim, 1963 159 5.12 Ong Seok Kim s birthday celebrations, 1963 161 5.13 Seok Kim cradling grandson, Chong Eng, 1964 162 5.14 May 31, 1964 - Funeral of Ong Seok Kim - Students from schools he founded at the funeral procession through Simpang Empat, Sitiawan 163 List of Photos xxi

5.15 Ong Seok Kim s tomb in the cemetery he established, Lumut Road, Pundut 164 5.16 Awarded Justice of the Peace by Sultan of Perak in 1963 164 5.17 Awarded Kesatria Mangku Negara (KMN) by the Yang di-pertuan Agung of Malaysia in 1964 164 Chapter SIX 6.1 Founding Committee, Ong Seok Kim Memorial Education Fund, 1965 182 6.2 Ng Kuok Thai 182 6.3 Saw Seng Chor 182 6.4 Ong Boon Tee 182 6.5 Kong Kar Hin 182 6.6 Quah Gim Choo 183 6.7 Mah Sun Fatt 183 6.8 Lim Ming Teng 183 6.9 Ong Tee Chiang 183 6.10 Financial Awards, 1970 183 6.11 Fire in Sitiawan, 1968 184 6.12 Financial Awards, 1975 184 6.13 Financial Awards, 1980 185 6.14 Ong It Shaw (David), 28 th son of Ong Seok Kim 186 6.15 Financial Awards, 1987 186 6.16 Financial Awards, 1990 187 6.17 Financial Awards, 1995 188 6.18 Financial Awards, 2012 190 6.19 Financial Awards, 2012 - presented by Ong Kean Hoe, 19 th son of Ong Seok Kim 191 xxii Biography of Ong Seok Kim

List of Attachments Attachments to A1.1-A1.4 A1.5-A1.7 A1.8-A1.9 Attachments to Chapter ONE Ong Seok Kim s Birthplace, Jindou, Yongchun, Fujian, China 13 House Ong Seok Kim Lived, 1887-1898, Jindou Yongchun, Fujian, China 14 Ong Seok Kim s Descendants in Wulijae, Yongchun, Where He Worked, 1898-1902 15 Chapter TWO A2.1-A2.8 Jindou Ancestral Temple, Jindou 36 A2.9-A2.12 Ong Seok Kim s Descendants at Jindou Ancestral Temple 39 A2.13-A2.15 Quanzhou Ancestral Temple, Quanzhou 40 A2.16-A2.18 Doorways into the Temple 41 A2.19-A2.20 Ong Seok Kim s Descendants at the Temple 42 A2.21-A2.27 History of the Wang/Ong Narrated on Wall and Museum of the Temple 43 A2.28 Migration of the Wang/Ong from Fujian to Other Parts of China, Taiwan and South-East Asia 45 Attachments to A3.1-A3.2 Aik Tee Recreation Association 59 A3.3-A3.6 50 th Anniversary, 1962 60 A3.7-A3.10 Financial Awards, 2012 61 A3.11-A3.33 100 th Anniversary, 2012 62 A3.34-A3.37 Ong Seok Kim s Descendants at Tan Kah Kee Memorial Museum, Xiamen, Fujian, China 67 Attachments to Chapter THREE Chapter FOUR A4.1-A4.12 Chung Cheng Primary School, 1940 116 A4.13-A4.15 Chung Cheng Primary School - New Classrooms, 1947-48 118 A4.16-A4.19 Chung Cheng Primary School - Graduation 119 A4.20-A4.21 Nan Hwa High School - Founding, 1936 120 List of Attachments xxiii

A4.22-A4.24 Nan Hwa High School - Early Premises, 1936 121 A4.25-A4.29 Nan Hwa High School, 1936-1940 122 A4.30-A4.34 Nan Hwa High School 123 A4.35-A4.39 Ping Min Primary School 124 A4.40-A4.44 Dindings High School - 1961 Memorial Magazine 126 A4.45-A4.47 Chinese Schools in Manjung District, 1936 127 Attachments to Chapter FIVE A5.1-A5.3 House Ong Seok Kim Built in 1910 in Jindou - House in Context of Jindou Village 165 A5.4-A5.8 Around the House 166 A5.9-A5.12 Inside the House 167 A5.13-A5.16 Ong Seok Kim s Descendants at the House 168 A5.17 House in Sitiawan, Manjung District that Ong Seok Kim Built in 1928 169 A5.18-A5.21 Around the House 170 A5.22-A5.23 The Living Area 171 A5.24-A5.38 Family Man 172 A5.39-A5.43 May 31, 1964 - Funeral of Ong Seok Kim 177 A5.44 Ong Seok Kim Family, 1964 179 Attachments to Chapter SIX A6.1-A6.4 Ong Seok Kim Memorial Education Fund, 1971-74 193 A6.5-A6.9 Ong Seok Kim Memorial Education Fund, 1975 194 A6.10-A6.14 Ong Seok Kim Memorial Education Fund, 1976 195 A6.15-A6.24 Ong Seok Kim Memorial Education Fund, 1977-78 196 A6.25-A6.38 Ong Seok Kim Memorial Education Fund, 1979-81 198 A6.39-A6.42 Ong Seok Kim Memorial Education Fund, 1987-88 201 A6.43-A6.46 Ong Seok Kim Memorial Education Fund, 1989-90 202 A6.47-A6.50 Ong Seok Kim Memorial Education Fund, 1991 203 A6.51-A6.55 Ong Seok Kim Memorial Education Fund, 1992 204 A6.56-A6.61 Ong Seok Kim Memorial Education Fund, 1993 205 A6.62-A6.106 Ong Seok Kim Memorial Education Fund, 1994-28 th Anniversary 206 A6.107-A6.108 Ong Seok Kim Memorial Education Fund, 1995; 2011 214 A6.109-A6.112 Ong Seok Kim Memorial Education Fund, 2012 215 xxiv Biography of Ong Seok Kim

Map 1: Map of Quanzhou Prefecture, Fujian, China Maps xxv

Map 2: Map of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore xxvi Biography of Ong Seok Kim

Map 3: Map of Manjung (Dindings) District and Surrounding Areas, State of Perak, Peninsular Malaysia Maps xxvii