Architectural Glass: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow 2011 International Window Cleaning Association Annual Convention Greg Carney President C. G. Carney Associates, Inc. Great To Be Back! 2002 IWCA Annual Convention Reno Glass A Closer Look 2003 IWCA Annual Convention Atlanta Glass Products, Trends & Abuses GANA Technical Director Topics for Discussion Glass Industry Terminology Architectural Glass Timeline Opportunities, Challenges & CHANGE Comments, Questions and.. Hopefully Answers! 1
Terminology Annealed glass Glass created by a process that moves it, in a molten form, along a long oven where it is heated and then very slowly cooled under controlled conditions. Base strength of today s float glass. 2
Terminology Heat-strengthened glass Annealed glass that has been cut to size, heated to near its softening point, and then cooled faster than normal to place the outside surfaces and edges in compression and the interior in tension; is about twice as strong as annealed glass. NOT a safety glazing material. Terminology Tempered glass Glass that has been heated in the same process as heat- strengthened glass but cooled or quenched at a more rapid rate creating higher levels of surface compression; approximately four times stronger than annealed glass; > 10,000 psi is considered a safety glazing material (must pass ANSI and CPSC test standards). Terminology Heat-treated treated glass Generic term used to describe both heat-strengthened and tempered glass. 3
Terminology Tinted glass Glass with a body color for aesthetic color and that filters near- infrared solar energy; can be AN, HS or FT. Terminology Coated glass Glass with applied layers of metal or metal oxides in order to control the light transmittance, solar-heat gain / loss, and thermal transfer; Terminology Insulating glass Two or more lites of glass separated by a spacer material containing desiccant and sealed together to resist moisture vapor penetration. Gap between glass dehydrated air or gas. Can be AN, HS, or FT. 4
Terminology Laminated glass Two or more lites of glass bonded together with a plastic or chemical resin. Typically is a safety glazing material. Can be AN, HS, or FT Terminology Additional terms Chemically Strengthened Electrochromic Glazing Dynamic Glazing Switchable Glass Solar Glazing Yesterday, Today & Tomorrow 5
Glass has become a symbol associated in our minds with progress, Utopias and the sleek and cleanly future. House and Garden magazine, August 1939 Architectural Glass Timeline Performance Allow natural light into the home / building Keep the weather out View of the world around us Architectural Glass Timeline Performance - Late 1940 s Insulating Glass Units - Thermal insulation - Early 1950 s Tinted Glass Substrates - Aesthetic Color - Solar-control 6
Architectural Glass Timeline Performance Early 1960 s float glass production Increase in production capacity Float Glass Manufacturing Excellent video of the float glass manufacturing process GANA website: www.glasswebsite.com Have an opportunity to go to a float glass plant? GO! Let me know if you need help getting an invitation to GO! Architectural Glass Timeline Performance Late 1960 s reflective coated glass Solar-control Reduction in solar heat gain NOTE: Also dramatically reduced visible light transmittance 7
Architectural Glass Timeline Performance Early 1970 s safety glazing legislation Tempered and laminated safety glazing products Architectural Glass Timeline Performance Early 1980 s Low-E coated glass Reduction in thermal transfer Increased usage of insulating glass Architectural Glass Timeline Performance 1980 s fire-resistant resistant glass requirements Increased performance in fire-rated rated applications 8
Architectural Glass Timeline Major manufacturer of residential glass 1977 Triple pane IG 1983 Low-E glass 1987 Argon gas 1991 Second generation Low-E 1993 Twenty year warranty 2002 Easier to clean Low-E 2002 Protective material 2006 Third generation Low-E 2010 Fourth generation Low-E Architectural Glass Innovations Performance 2010 and Beyond Natural Daylight Thermal comfort Solar control Performance control Safety Security Protection Innovations in Glass Spectrally selective glass substrates Designed for reduction in solar heat gain High light transmittance 9
Innovations in Glass Low-Iron Clear glass substrates High optical quality Ultra clear image Innovations in Glass Coatings Multi-performance coatings Coatings with both solar-control and low-emissivity performance Offering high light transmittance, low solar-heat gain and high insulating values Innovations in Glass Coatings Ceramic silk- screen coatings Aesthetic performance Solar control Daylight / glare control 10
Innovations in Glass Coatings Special application coatings Low-maintenance / self-cleaning Surface durability / scratch resistance Innovations in Glass Coatings Electrochromic / dynamic glazing Coated glass products that can be switched from transparent to tinted (performance control) mode based on electrical charge Maximizing visible light transmittance while minimizing solar heat gain Innovations in Insulating Glass Low conductance spacers Stainless steel, desiccated butyl, desiccated thermoplastic: desiccated foam Advanced gas-fill capabilities Increased thermal insulation 11
Innovations in Laminated Glass Interlayer enhancements to meet impact test requirements Innovations in Laminated Glass Application of interlayers to meet blast resistant test requirements Innovations in Laminated Glass High security laminated glazing constructions 12
Innovations in Laminated Glass Opportunities Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) NOT LEEDS Green Building Technology & Glass Natural Daylight Control of Heat Gain / Heat Loss Opportunities 13
Opportunities Think Inside the Box Use of glass on the interior of buildings 14
Challenges Tinted glass = More heat-treated treated glass Coated glass = More heat-treated treated glass Insulating glass = More heat-treated treated glass Safety glazing = Heat-treated treated glass Electrochromic glass = More heat-treated treated glass Heat-treat treat glass = potential for surface particles debris / fines 15
Change Yesterday, encyclopedias Today, the Internet Wikipedia January 2001, seven years later ten million entries in 253 different languages Change Yesterday, vinyl records, 8-tracks & cassette tapes Today, the Internet itunes January 2001, seven years later 5 BILLION songs had been purchased and downloaded Change Architectural glass is changing, becoming more technically advanced and more expensive. Today s products MUST be protected and can t be cleaned as the products of the past. 16
Change Glass people love glass and what we do. You make us look good. Do you love what you clean? We have to work together to promote OUR industry! Together Goal: Work towards and plan for future technology! Achieve the goal through IWCA & open positive communication with the glass industry! Promote protection! Glass in the Future Corning Glass http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6cf7il_ ez38 17
Photo Credits 373 Photography Hurricane Testing Laboratory National Building Museum Dr. Scott Norville PPG Industries Technical Glass Products Wes Thompson Photography Solutia Viracon Open Discussion Comments, Questions & Hopefully Answers Thank You! Greg Carney C. G. Carney Associates, Inc. 228.896.7643 gregcarney@cgcarneyassociates.com www.cgcarneyassociates.com 18