Power Glide Limited Warranty Consumer Power Tools for Home Use World Factory, Inc. (Seller) warrants to the original Buyer only, that each POWER GLIDE portable power tool will be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year from date of purchase. SELLER S SOLE OBLIGATION AND BUYER S EXCLUSIVE REMEDY UNDER THIS LIMITED WARRANTY SHALL BE THE REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT OF PARTS, WITHOUT CHARGE, WHICH ARE DEFECTIVE IN MATERIAL OR WORKMANSHIP. ANY PARTS AS DETERMINED BY THE SELLER WHICH HAVE BEEN MISUSED; ABUSED OR DAMAGED EITHER DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY FROM REPAIRS OR ALTERATIONS ATTEMPTED BY UNAUTHORIZED PERSONS; IMPROPER MAINTENANCE, NEGLECT OR ACCIDENT ARE NOT COVERED BY THIS LIMITED WARRANTY. To make a claim under this Limited Warranty, you must return the complete power tool, transportation prepaid, to any World Factory, Inc. authorized service center. Call 1-888-424-3354 for the location of the nearest authorized power tool service center. Additional Limitations THIS LIMITED WARRANTY DOES NOT APPLY TO ACCESSORY ITEMS SUCH AS CIRCULAR SAW BLADES, DRILL BITS, ROUTER BITS, JIGSAW BLADES, SANDING BELTS OR PADS, GRINDING WHEELS AND OTHER RELATED ITEMS. ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES SHALL BE LIMITED IN DURATION TO ONE (1) YEAR FROM DATE OF PURCHASE. IN NO EVENT SHALL SELLER BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LIABILITY FOR LOSS OF PROFITS, ARISING FROM THE SALE OR USE OF THIS PRODUCT. If any provision of this Limited Warranty is for any reason held to be invalid or unenforceable, such provision shall not affect any other provision herein, this Limited Warranty shall be construed as if such invalid and/or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein. This Warranty contains the entire agreement between Seller and Buyer and supersedes any and all prior agreements, arrangements, or understandings between the parties relating to product warranty. Mini Grinder Instruction Manual IF YOU HAVE ANY PROBLEMS OR QUESTIONS CONCERNING THIS PRODUCT, DO NOT RETURN IT TO YOUR RETAILER. CONTACT CUSTOMER SERVICE AT 1-888-424-3354 Due to ongoing product development the actual product or products may vary from the illustrations or photos shown within this manual. 210706rev1 Mini Grinder Technical Data Model Number 60100002 Input Voltage Input Power 120 V, 60Hz 1AMP Varible Speed 8,000-30,000 rpm Power Cord Dimensions* (L x D x H) Net Weight Made in China 2006 World Factory, Inc. Distributed by: World Factory, Inc. Coppell TX 75019 6' x 18 AWG 9"L x 2-1/4"D x 2"H 1.43 lbs. Model No: 60100002 Read the instructions and precautions before use of this product Please keep Model this instruction No. 60900015 manual for future reference IF YOU HAVE ANY PROBLEMS OR QUESTIONS CONCERNING THIS PRODUCT, DO NOT RETURN IT TO YOUR RETAILER, CONTACT CONSUMER SUPPORT AT 1-888-424-3354 OR IF YOU ARE A STORE MANAGER OR EMPLOYEE IN NEED OF ASSISTANCE CALL 1-888-851-5569 PLEASE HAVE YOUR STORE NUMBER READY
GENERAL SAFETY RULES WARNING! Read and understand all instructions. Failure to follow all instruction listed below, may result in electrical shock, fire and/or serious personal injury. SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS Work Area Keep your work area clean and well lit. Cluttered and dark areas invite accidents. Do not operate power tools in explosive atmospheres, such as in the presences of flammable liquids, gases, or dust. Power tools create sparks, which can ignite dust or fumes. Keep bystanders, children and visitors away while operating a power tool. Distractions can cause you to loose control. Electrical Safety Don't expose power tools to rain or wet conditions. Water entering a power tool will increase the risk of electrical shock. Do not abuse the cord. Never use the cord to carry the charger or pull the plug from the outlet. Keep cord away from heat, oil, sharp edges or moving parts. Replace damaged cords immediately. Damaged cords increase the risk of electrical shock. Double insulated tools are equipped with a polarized plug (one blade is wider than the other.) This plug will fit in a polarized outlet only one way. If the plug does not fit fully in the outlet, reverse the plug. If it still does not fit, contact a qualified electrician to install a polarized outlet. Do not change the plug in any way. Double insulation eliminates the need for the three wire grounded power cord and grounded power supply systems. Avoid body contact with grounded surfaces such as pipes, resistors, ranges and refrigerators. There is an increased risk of shock if your body is grounded. When operating a power tool outside, use a grounded outdoor extension cord marked "W-A" or "W". These cords are rated for outdoor use and reduce the risk of electric shock. Personal Safety Stay alert, watch what you are doing and use common sense when operating a power tool. Do not use tool while tired or under the influence of drugs, alcohol or medication. A moment of inattention while operating power tools may result in serious personal injury. Dress properly. Do not wear loose clothing or jewelry. Contain long hair. Keep your hair, clothing and gloves away from moving parts. Loose clothes, jewelry or long hair can be caught in moving parts. Avoid accidental starting. Be sure switch is off before plugging in. Carrying tools with your finger on the switch or plugging in tools that have the switch on invites accidents. Remove adjusting keys or wrenches before turning the tool "ON". A wrench or a key that is left attached to the rotating part of the tool may result in personal injury. Do not overreach. Keep proper footing and balance at all times. Proper footing and balance enables better control of the tool in unexpected situations. Use safety equipment. Always wear eye protection. Dust mask, non-skid safety shoes, hard hat or hearing protection must be used for appropriate conditions. When performing any work that generates dust, use a breathing mask. 1
Tool Use And Care Use clamps or other safe ways to secure and support the work item to a stable platform. Holding the work by hand or to your body is unstable and may lead to loss of control. Do not force tool. Use the correct tool for your application. The correct tool will do the job better and safer at the rate for which it is designed. Do not use tool if switch does not turn it on or off. Any tool that cannot be controlled with the switch is dangerous and must be replaced. Disconnect the plug from the power source before making any adjustments. Disconnect the plug before changing accessories, or storing the tool. Safety precautions reduce the risk of starting the tool accidentally. Store idle tools out of reach of children and other untrained persons. Tools are dangerous in the hands of untrained users. Maintain tools with care. Keep cutting tools sharp and clean. Properly maintained tools, with sharp edges are less likely to bind and are easier to control. Check for misalignment or binding of moving parts, breakage of parts, and any other condition that may affect the tools operation. If damaged, have the tool serviced before using. Many accidents are caused by poorly maintained tools. Use only accessories that are recommended by the manufacturer. Accessories suited for one tool may be hazardous when used with another tool. Service Service must be performed by qualified repair person. Service or maintenance performed by unqualified person could result in risk of injury. And could void your warranty. When servicing tools, use only identical replacement parts. Always follow instructions in the maintenance section of this manual. Use of unauthorized parts or failure to follow maintenance instructions may create a risk of shock or injury. ADDITIONAL SAFETY RULES FOR ROTARY TOOLS Always check the speed rating of accessories. This tool will spin accessories at up to 30,000 rpm. The speed rating of accessories included is more than 35000 RPM. Accessories not rated for speeds this high will very likely fly apart and could cause serious injury. Hold tool by insulated gripping surfaces when performing an operation where the cutting tool may contact hidden wiring or its own cord. Contact with a "live" wire will make exposed metal parts of the tool "live" and shock the operator. If cutting into existing walls or other blind areas where electrical wiring may exist is unavoidable, disconnect all fuses or circuit breakers feeding this worksite. Always disconnect the power cord from the power source before making any adjustments or attaching any accessories. You may unexpectedly cause the tool to start leading to serious personal injury. Always hold the hand piece firmly in your hands during the start-up. The reaction torque of the motor, as it accelerates to full speed, can cause the shaft to twist. Be aware of the switch location, when placing the tool down or when picking the tool up. You may accidentally activate the switch. Always wear safety goggles and dust mask. Use only in well ventilated area. Using personal safety devices and working in safe environment reduces risk of injury. 2 ACCESSORIES Use only accessories that are recommended by the manufacturer. Accessories suited for one tool may be hazardous when used with another tool. Accessories Included With Mini Grinder Polishing Mandrel (1/8" shank) Polishing Wheels (1/2" diameter) Rubber Shank (1/8" shank) Sanding Band (coarse,1/2" diameter) Cut-off and Grinding Wheel Mandrel (1/8" shank) Cut-off Wheel (1") Grinding Wheel (7/8") Grinding Stone (5/8") Drill Bit (1/8") MAINTENANCE Service Service must be performed by qualified repair person. Service or maintenance performed by unqualified person could result in risk of injury. And could void your warranty. When servicing tools, use only identical replacement parts. Always follow instructions in the maintenance section of this manual. Use of unauthorized parts or failure to follow maintenance instructions may create a risk of shock or injury. WARNING:! RISK OF PERSONAL INJURY. Always unplug the Mini Grinder Tool before changing accessories, changing collets or servicing your Tool. General Maintenance 1. Inspect the mounting screws regularly. They should be properly tightened. If any are found to be loose, tighten immediately or serious injury could result. 2. Use care to see that the motor winding does not become damaged or wet with oil or water. 3. Inspect the cord regularly and have it replaced by an authorized repair facility if it is damaged. 4. Lubrication for this tool is done at the factory and should not be necessary again under normal use. Cleaning the Mini Grinder 1. Keep the tool housing and accessories clean and free of oil and grease. Use a mild soap and a damp (not wet) cloth. NOTE: Do not let solvents like brake fluid, gasoline, petroleum-based products, etc., contact plastic parts of the housing. Cleaning with these substances can harm the plastic and compromise the integrity of the double insulating system. Carbon Brushes The carbon brushes should be checked every 2 to 6 months, depending on frequency of use, and replaced if worn. Worn brushes could cause motor damage and should be replaced with identical parts if worn to or near their limit. 1) To replace brushes, using a flat blade screw driver, remove brush cover (See Functional Description for location). Brushes should be kept clean and free moving within their holder. Keep the vents and the insides of the tool clear of dust and debris. This can be done with an air blowgun. This will help prevent possible electrical shorts and ensure proper cooling. CAUTION: Always use approved eye protection when using air blowguns to clean tools. 11
Grinding Wheel (1" wheel) 1. (SEE FIGURE 12) Remove screw and washer from end of cutting and grinding mandrel (E). 2. Place grinding wheel (G) on end of mandrel and replace washer and screw. 3. Tighten screw until grinding wheel is secure and will not slip. CAUTION: DO NOT OVER TIGHTEN. Over tightening can cause wheel to crack or break. Use to grind and etch stone, glass, ceramics, porcelain and non-ferrous metals. Ideal for sharpening, deburring and general purpose grinding on harder materials including stone, glass, ceramic, porcelain, gemstone and non-ferrous metals. Grinding Stone (SEE FIGURE 13) The grinding stone (H) is a industrial abrasive made for extended general-purpose grinding on metals, castings, welded joints, rivets and rust. Use for sharpening, deburring and general purpose grinding on harder materials including stone, glass, ceramic, porcelain and non-ferrous metals. Drilling Accessory Drilling Bit (SEE FIGURE 14) Spiral cutting bit cuts through all types of wood and wood composites. Use with 1/8 inch collet. 10 Figure 12 G Grinding Wheel Figure 13 H Grinding Stone Figure 14 J Drilling Bit ADDITIONAL SAFETY RULES FOR ROTARY TOOLS (CON'T) After changing the bits or making any adjustments, make sure the collet nut and any other adjustment devices are securely tightened. Loose adjustment device can unexpectedly shift, causing loss of control, loose rotating components will be violently thrown. Do not reach in the area of the spinning bit. The proximity of the spinning bit to your hand may not always be obvious. Allow brushes to run at operating speed for at least one minute before using wheel. During this time no one is to stand in front or in line with the brush. Loose bristles or wires will be discharged during the run-in time. Carefully handle both the tool and individual grinding wheels to avoid chipping or cracking. Install a new wheel if tool is dropped while grinding. Do not use a wheel that may be damaged. Fragments from a wheel that bursts during operation will fly away at great velocity possibly striking you or bystanders. Never use dull or damaged bits. Sharp bits must be handled with care. Damaged bits can snap during use. Dull bits require more force to push the tool, possibly causing the bit to break. Use clamps to support workpiece whenever practical. Never hold a small workpiece in one hand and the tool in the other hand while in use. Allow for sufficient space, at least 6", between your hand and the spinning bit. Round material such as dowel rods, pipes or tubing have a tendency to roll while being cut, and may cause the bit to bite or jump toward you. Clamping a small workpiece allows you to use both hands to control the tool. Inspect your workpiece before cutting. When cutting irregularly shaped workpieces, plan your work so it will not slip and pinch the bit and be torn from your hand. For example, if carving wood, make sure there are no nails or foreign objects in the workpiece. Nails or foreign objects can cause the bit to jump. Never start the tool when the bit is engaged in the material. The bit cutting edge may grab the material causing loss of control of the cutter. Avoid bouncing and snagging the wheel, especially when working corners, sharp edges etc. This can cause loss of control and kick-back. The direction of feed with the bit into the material when carving, routing or cutting is very important. Always feed the bit into the material in the same direction as the cutting edge is exiting from the material (which is the same direction as the chips are thrown). Feeding the tool in the wrong direction, causes the cutting edge of the bit to climb out of the work and pull the tool in the direction of this feed. If the workpiece or bit becomes jammed or bogged down, turn the tool OFF by the switch. Wait for all moving parts to stop and unplug the tool, then work to free the jammed material. If the switch to the tool is left ON the tool could restart unexpectedly causing serious personal injury. Do not leave a running tool unattended, turn power off. Only when tool comes to a complete stop it is safe to put it down. Do not grind or sand near flammable materials. Sparks from the wheel could ignite these materials. Do not touch the bit or collet after use. After use the bit and collet are too hot to be touched by bare hands. 3
Regularly clean the tool's air vents by compressed air. Excessive accumulation of powdered metal inside the motor housing may cause electrical failures. Do not allow familiarity gained from frequent use of your rotary tool to become commonplace. Always remember that a careless fraction of a second is sufficient to inflict severe injury. Do not alter or misuse tool. Any alteration or modification is a misuse and may result in serious personal injury. This product is not intended for use as a dental drill, in human or veterinary medical applications. Serious personal injury may result. When using the steel saws, cutoff wheels, high speed cutters or tungsten carbide cutters, always have the work securely clamped. Never attempt to hold the work with one hand while using any of these accessories. The wheels will grab if they become slightly canted in the groove, and can kickback causing loss of control resulting in serious injury. Your second hand should be used to steady and guide the hand holding the tool. When a cutoff wheel grabs, the wheel itself usually breaks. When the steel saw, high speed cutters or tungsten carbide cutter grab, it may jump from the groove causing loss of control of the tool. WARNING:! CHEMICAL HAZARD. Use of this tool may cause exposure to chemicals that are known to the state of California to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm. Some dust created by power sanding, sawing, grinding, drilling, and other construction activities contains chemicals known to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm. Some examples of these chemicals are: Lead from lead-based paints, Crystalline silica from bricks and cement and other masonry products, and Arsenic and chromium from chemically treated lumber. Your risk from these exposures varies, depending on how often you do this type of work. To reduce your exposure to these chemicals: work in a well ventilated area, and work with approved safety equipment, such as those dust masks that are specially designed to filter out microscopic particles. CAUTION: Follow all Safety Rules when connecting rotary tool to power source. Power Plug NOTE: Double insulated tools are equipped with a polarized plug (one blade is wider than the other.) 1. (SEE FIGURE 1) This plug will fit in a polarized outlet only one way. If the plug does not fit fully in the outlet, reverse the plug. If it still does not fit, contact a qualified electrician to install a polarized outlet. Do not change the plug in any way. Double insulation eliminates the need for the three wire grounded power cord and grounded power supply systems. Table 1. Extension Cords Minimum Gage For Power Cord When operating a power tool outside, use a grounded outdoor extension cord marked "W-A" or "W". These cords are rated for outdoor use and reduce the risk of electric shock. See Table 1 for selection of extension cord. ELECTRICAL SAFETY 4 Figure 1 Cover of Grounded Outlet Box Rating Total Length of cord in feet Amps Volts 1-5 120 25 ft. 50ft 100ft 150 ft AWG 16 16 14 12 Sanding Accessory 1/2" Rubber Drum Shank 1. (SEE FIGURE 8) The drum shank (C) is a tiny rubber drum used with sanding bands. Sanding Band 1. (SEE FIGURE 9) Place sanding band (D) over 1/2" rubber drum shank (C). Use to shape wood, smooth fiberglass, sand inside curves and other difficult places. Replace the sanding bands on the drum as they become worn and lose their grit. Bands come in fine and coarse grades, and can be purchased separately. Cutting and Grinding Accessories Cut-off and Grinding Wheel Mandrel 1. (SEE FIGURE 10) Use with cut-off wheels (F) and grinding wheel (G). Cut-off Wheels (Two - 1 inch wheels) 1. (SEE FIGURE 11) Remove screw and washer from end of cutting and grinding mandrel (E). 2. Place one cut-off wheel (F) onto end of mandrel (E) and replace washer and screw. 3. Tighten screw until cut-off wheel (F) is secure and will not slip. CAUTION: DO NOT OVER TIGHTEN. Over tightening can cause wheel to crack or break. These thin discs of emery or fiberglass are used for slicing, cutting off and similar operations. Use for cutting off frozen bolt heads and nuts, or to slot a screw head which has become so damaged that the screwdriver won t work in it. Use for cutting cable, small rods, tubing, and cutting rectangular holes in sheet metal. 9 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Cut-off and Grinding Wheel Mandrel Figure 11 F C D Rubber Drum Shank Sanding Band E Cut-off Wheels
Operating the Mini Grinder 1. Ensure the accessory is securely clamped in the collet. 2. Plug the tool into power outlet. Refer to section "Electrical Safety" for correct power source. 3. Hold the tool firmly. Place the ON/OFF switch in the ON position. 4. Rotate the speed adjustment thumb wheel to increase or decrease the speed. Operating Tips The Mini Grinder has a tapered shape, this permits the tool to be grasped much like a pen or pencil. You should not lean on or push the tool during use. Lower the spinning accessory lightly to the work and allow it to touch the point at which you want cutting (or sanding or etching, etc.) to begin. Allow the accessory to do the work. Concentrate on guiding the tool over the work using very little pressure from your hand. Usually, it is best to make a series of passes with the tool rather than attempt to do all the work in one pass. To make a cut, for example, pass the tool back and forth over the work, much as you would a small paint brush. Cut a little material on each pass until you reach the desired depth. WARNING:! RISK OF PERSONAL INJURY. Always unplug the Mini Grinder Tool before changing accessories, changing collets or servicing your Tool. Mandrel A mandrel is a shank with a threaded or screw head which are required when you use polishing accessories, cutting wheels, sanding discs, and polishing points that must be replaced frequently. Polishing Accessories Polishing Mandrel (1-piece, 1/8 shank) 1. (SEE FIGURE 6) The polishing mandrel (A) is a shank with a screw-like head used to hold felt polishing wheels and accessories. Felt Polishing Wheel (Two 1/2" wheels) 1. (SEE FIGURE 7) Install one felt polishing wheel (B) onto end of polishing mandrel (A). Hold wheel and turn mandrel clockwise to install. Use for buffing or polishing plastics, metals, jewelry and small parts. Use polishing compound with felt or cloth polishing wheel for a high luster. (Polishing compound sold separately). NOTE: For best results polishing accessories should be used at slow speeds not greater than setting 2. Figure 6 Figure 7 B A Polishing Mandrel Polishing Wheels Mini Grinder Controls FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Shaft Lock Button Nut Lock Ring NOTE: This product is intended for residential, non-commercial use. (located on backside) Power Cord ON (I) Off (0) Switch Brush Cover (Carbon Brushes located inside) Carefully remove the contents from the package. If any parts are missing do not attempt to use the product until they have been obtained and correctly installed. Shaft Lock Button Locks or unlocks the selected accessory in place inside collet. Ventilation Openings CAUTION: Do not engage lock while the Rotary Tool is running. Varies the speed of the mini grinder. Power Cord The power cord attached to the mini grinder is a 18AWG, UL approved power cord with two prong polarized plug. ON (I) OFF (0) Switch The ON/OFF power switch is a rocker switch that turns mini grinder on and off. ON = (I) OFF = (0) Brush Cover Protects internal brushes from dust and debris. Never operate mini grinder without covers in place. Ventilation Openings Whenever you hold the tool, be careful not to cover the air vents with your hand. This blocks the air flow and causes the motor to overheat. Lock Ring The collet lock ring can be removed to accommodate accessories such as Right Angle Attachments, Flex Shafts, and Grout Removal Attachments. (Sold separately, not included). Nut Secures the collect in place. With the shaft lock engaged use the collet wrench to loosen the collet nut if necessary. The collet nut must be loosely threaded on when inserting an accessory. Holds the selected accessory. Accessory is inserted directly into collet. The accessory should be inserted into the collet as far as possible to minimize runout and unbalance. NOTE: Avoid excessive tightening of the collet nut when there is no bit inserted. IF YOU HAVE ANY PROBLEMS OR QUESTIONS CONCERNING THIS PRODUCT, DO NOT RETURN IT TO YOUR RETAILER. CONTACT CUSTOMER SERVICE AT 1-888-424-3354 8 5
ACCESSORY PARTS LIST ITEM # DESCRIPTION QUANTITY A Polishing Mandrel 1 B Polishing Wheels 2 C 1/2" Rubber Shank 1 D Sanding Band 1 E Cut-off and Grinding Wheel Mandrel 1 F Cut-off Wheel 2 G Grinding Wheel 1 H Grinding Stone 1 J Drill Bit 1 K Wrench 1 Accessory Parts Detail A Power Switch 1. (SEE FIGURE 2) The ON/OFF power switch is a rocker switch that turns mini grinder on and off. ON = (I) OFF = (0) NOTE: The rotary speed can be adjusted by moving the adjustment dial from "1" to "MAX". 1. (SEE FIGURE 3) Place the power ON/OFF switch in the OFF (O) position. 2. Ensure accessory is securely installed. 3. Slide the adjustment dial to the lowest setting (1), and turn on power switch. 4. Hold the tool firmly and adjust the speed dial to increase rotation. Refer to "Installing and Changing Accessories" and "Operating Instructions" before using tool. B F C G 6 D E K MINI GRINDER CONTROLS Figure 2 Figure 3 J H On/Off Switch INSTALLING AND CHANGING ACCESSORIES WARNING! RISK OF PERSONAL INJURY. Always unplug Mini Grinder Tool before changing accessories, changing collets or servicing your tool. Installing Changing Accessories CAUTION: Do not engage lock while tool is running. 1. (SEE FIGURE 4) Press the shaft lock button and rotate the collet nut counter clockwise by hand. NOTE: If the collet nut cannot be loosened by hand, press the shaft lock button and use the collet wrench to loosen the collet nut. 2. (SEE FIGURE 5) Change accessories by inserting the new one into the collet as far as possible to minimize runout and unbalance. NOTE: The collet nut must be loosely threaded on when inserting an accessory. 3. With the shaft lock engaged, turn the collet nut clockwise and finger tighten until the accessory shank is gripped by the collet. NOTE: Avoid excessive tightening of the collet nut when there is no accessory inserted. MINI GRINDER OPERATION 7 Figure 4 Nut Figure 5 Nut Shaft Lock Button Exploded View Lock Ring Shaft Lock Button CAUTION: Always hold the tool away from your face. Accessories can be damaged during handling, and can fly apart as they come up to speed. Selecting Correct Speed for Accessory 1. Use a practice piece of material and select a slow speed. Increase the speed to find the best speed for the accessory you are using and the operation you are performing. NOTE: Speed can be effected by voltage changes, especially at the lowest setting. If your tool appears to be running slowly or will not run at setting "1" increase the speed setting. 2. For more information on selecting the correct speed, refer to explanation of each accessory included. Speed Settings Slower Speeds usually are best for polishing using the felt polishing accessories. Some plastics and precious metals require a slow speed. High speeds generate heat and may cause damage to the material. Working on delicate projects as eggery work, delicate wood carving and fragile model parts. Higher Speeds are better for carving, cutting, routing, shaping hardwoods, metals and glass Drilling should be done at high speeds