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Kindergarten Counting and Cardinality 2016 01 13 www.njctl.org 2
Table of Contents Count Sequence Hundredth Day of School Click on a topic to go to that section Numbers 0 6 Numbers 6 10 Number Writing 0 10 Comparing Numbers 3
Count Sequence Click to return to Table of Contents 4
Count Sequence Teacher Instructions The following activities are suggestions for you to work on as the year progresses. At this point students are not expected to be able to count to 100 or skip count. 5
Count Sequence Teacher Instructions Encourage children to count to 100 through daily routines. (ex. Let's see where 100 steps will take us down the hallway or around the playground.) Ask children to finish the sequence when you start counting with a random number such as 7. Use a stop sign or hand signal for interrupted counting. Children stop counting when sign is held up and then continue when sign is put down. 6
Count Sequence Directions Teacher Notes 7
Teacher Notes 8
Teacher Notes 9
Count Sequence Teacher Instructions Counting By Tens, Fives, and Twos Use bundles of tens (straws, sticks) to introduce counting by tens. As you add a day to your calendar start adding one straw each day until you get to ten. Wrap bundle with rubber band and then start a new bundle... until you get to one hundred. Use hands (five fingers) to count by fives. Use shoes or socks to count by twos. 10
Count Sequence Counting By Tens 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 11
Counting by Tens 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 12
1 Counting by tens, what comes next? 10, 20, 30, A 10 B 31 C 40 Answer 13
2 Counting by tens, what comes next? 10, 20, 30, 40, A 41 B 50 C 100 Answer 14
Count Sequence Counting By Fives 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 15
Counting by Fives 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 16
3 Counting by fives, what comes next? 5, 10, 15, A 16 B 20 C 25 Answer 17
Count Sequence Counting by Twos 2 4 6 8 10 Teacher Notes 2 4 6 8 10 18
4 Counting by twos, what comes next? 2, 4, 6, A 5 B 7 C 8 Answer 19
5 Counting by twos, what comes next? 2, 4, 6, 8, A 9 B 10 C 11 Answer 20
Teacher Notes 21
Teacher Instructions Count backward sometimes too. * Count down to 0 like a rocket liftoff, a microwave, or a timer ticking. * Try counting down from a teen or higher number. *Ready for blast off story. Put on your astronaut suit. Up the elevator to the top of the space ship. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 (squat and begin to stand as the numbers go higher) Buckle yourself in safely. Count down for blast off. (As they count down children go from standing to squat position.) 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Blast off (Children jump ) 22
Count Sequence 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 23
Count Sequence 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 Teacher Notes 24
6 Counting backwards, what comes next? 10, 9, 8, 7, A 8 B 6 C 4 Answer 25
7 Counting backwards, what comes next? 20, 19, 18, 17,16, 15, 14, A 13 B 15 C 10 Answer 26
8 Counting backwards, what comes next? 13, 12, 11, 10, A 14 B 9 C 0 Answer 27
Teacher Instructions Ordinal Numbers Ordinal numbers describe position. Ask children, questions such as: Who is first in line? Who is third from the end? What number is the person at the end of the line? Who is fifth in line? Identify children by their position in line. Then ask them to perform some sort of action. 28
Count Sequence 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th Teacher Notes 29
Count Sequence 5th 4th 3rd 2nd 1st Teacher Notes 30
Count Sequence 5th 4th 3rd 2nd 1st 31
Count Sequence Teacher Notes 32
9 What position is the cat? A 1st B 2nd C 3rd D 4th E 5th Answer 33
10 Is the mouse third in line? Yes No Answer 34
11 What position is the penguin? A 1st B 2nd C 3rd D 4th E 5th Answer 35
12 Is the baby 1st in line? Yes No Answer 36
Count Sequence 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th Teacher Notes 37
Count Sequence Teacher Notes 38
Count Sequence Teacher Notes 39
13 Is the X under the sixth horse? Yes No Answer X 40
14 Is the X under the 9th horse? Yes No Answer X 41
15 What position is the cow? A 6th B 7th C 8th D 9th E 10th Answer X 42
Hundredth Day of School Click to return to Table of Contents 43
Hundredth Day of School Teacher Instructions The following activities are suggestions for you to work on as you work towards to 100th day of school. Refer back to these activities as you count the number of days to get to 100. 44
Hundredth Day of School Teacher Instructions Activities for the 100th day of school... Have each child bring a collection of 100 objects. (such as...cereal, pennies, pasta, etc.) Read stories about the number 100. Count by 1s, 5s, and 10s to 100. Bundle sticks in 10 groups of ten and create one bundle of 100. Write numbers on a 100 grid. Mix 100 snack items and eat a fantastic treat. Place in a bag the number cards for counting by tens from 10 to 100. Invite ten students to each take a card, identify its number, and stand holding the card so the number faces outward. Then lead the seated students in putting the numbers in order from least to greatest. 45
Hundredth Day of School More activities for the 100th day. Marshmallow numbers. Have the children make numerals 0 through 9 using toothpicks and miniature marshmallows. Have the children place pairs of toothpick numerals side by side to display two digit numbers. Estimation Jars Set up different size, clear jars filled with objects. Fill one of the jars with exactly 100 pieces. Ask students to guess which jar's contents are closest to 100 items. 100 piece necklace. Give each student a piece of string, ten paper squares, and a plastic bag of beads or pasta. Ask the children to write the numerals 10, 20, 30... 100 on the separate paper squares. Ask students to string 100 beads and to place the appropriate number card on the necklace after every group of ten beads. 46
Hundredth Day of School More, more 100th day activities. Have the students use cotton swabs and paint to create an apple tree with 100 apple dots. Or use the swab and paint to create their own design using 100 paint dots. Divide the class into 10 groups and have each group compile a list of ten words. Combine their lists to create a 100 word list. 100 cents. Have the children collect 100 pennies, and then have them exchange the pennies for nickels and dimes. Make a snake that measures 100 inches long. Have the students decorate it with 100 designs. Make a banner that has 100 hand prints. Hang 100 balloons or streamers in the room. 47
Hundredth Day of School More, more, more 100th day activities. 100 Headbands. Give each student a headband and have them write 100 in the center. Have the students decorate the strip with 100 stickers, stamps or drawings. Staple the headband to fit each child's head. Hang 100 balloons or streamers in the room. Ask the students to make a link with 10 chains. Combine the 10 link chains to make a 100 link chain. 100 Drops of Water. Have the students predict how full a bowl containing 100 spoonfuls of water will be. Use tape to mark where they predict it will go. Count as you pour 100 spoonfuls into bowls. 48
Hundredth Day of School 100 Balloons and Cheers for the 100th day of School On the next page count by 5s and cheer for the 100th day of school. 49
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Numbers 0 6 Click to return to Table of Contents 51
Teacher Instructions Numbers 0 6 Encourage children to count the number of items in total. Count squirrels outside, blocks at center time, cookies at snack time. They may also count children who are present or objects at discovery center. When counting objects, say the names in standard order, pairing each object with one and only one name. The children should understand that the last number said tells the number of objects counted. The number of objects is the same regardless of their arrangement or the order in which they were counted. The children should understand that each successive number name refers to a quantity that is one larger. 52
Numbers 0 6 Teacher Instructions As you introduce each number in this unit the following activities might be used. Drop objects in a container and have the children count how many drops they hear. Read a favorite counting book to reinforce counting and cardinality. Finger "Digits"...Display a certain number of fingers. Have the children select a number card that matches number of digits. Show a number card and have the children hold up the correct number of fingers. Number Search... The children will search for a specific number of objects in the classroom. (ex. 3 pencils) Play "Simon Says". 53
Teacher Instructions Numbers 0 6 Individual Number Posters Each child can make a number poster for each number. 1. Write number at top of paper. 2. Draw, use stickers, or glue objects that represent number. 3. When finished with unit compile number book. 54
Numbers 0 6 This is the number one. Count the object and trace the number 1. 1 Directions Teacher Notes 55
2 This Numbers 0 6 is the number 2. Count the objects and trace the number 2. 56
Numbers 0 6 Count the objects. Circle the correct number. 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 57
Teacher Notes 58
Sort objects 1 2 59
Numbers 0 6 This is the number three. Count the animals and trace the number 3. 3 60
This is the number four. Numbers 0 6 Count the objects and then trace the number 4. 4 61
Numbers 0 6 Count the objects. Circle the correct number. 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 62
Teacher Notes 63
5 This Numbers 0 6 is the number 5. Count the objects and trace the number 5. 64
Numbers 0 6 Count the objects in the group and move the correct number to the group. 4 1 3 5 2 65
Count the objects and trace the number 6. Numbers 0 6 6 66
Numbers 0 6 Teacher Instructions Play "I Have One, You Have Two" Children take turns making number statements. The first child might say, "I have one mouth." The next child then replies, "I have two eyes". The children keep taking turns adding one each time until they get to six. Then start over again with one. 67
Teacher Notes 68
Teacher Notes 69
Teacher Notes 70
Numbers 0 6 Each number represents a set of objects. Draw objects for each number. 1 2 3 71
Numbers 0 6 Each number represents a set of objects. Draw objects for each number. 5 6 72
Number 0 6 Teacher Notes 73
16 How many bears can you count? A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 Answer 74
17 How many elephants can you count? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 Answer 75
18 How many monkeys can you count? A 3 B 1 C 6 D 4 Answer 76
19 How many alligators can you count? A 5 B 2 C 6 D 3 Answer 77
To sequence numbers we must put them in the correct order, each time adding the number that represents one more. 78
Number 0 6 Sequence the number in correct order. 3 2 4 Teacher Notes 1 5 6 79
Numbers follow a sequence. In this sequence the next number represents one more. What number should come next? 6 3 5 80
Number 0 6 What number is missing? 1 2 3 4 5 6 Teacher Notes 81
20 Are these numbers in correct sequence? Yes No Answer 82
21 Are these numbers in correct sequence? Yes No Answer 83
22 What number comes next in the sequence? A 4 B 3 C 5 Answer 84
23 What number comes next in the sequence? A 4 B 3 C 6 Answer 85
24 What number is missing? A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 E 6 1 2 3 4 6 Answer 86
Teacher Notes zero 87
Count the animals and circle the correct number. 88
25 Are there zero hippos? Yes No Answer 89
26 Are there zero lions? Yes No Answer 90
Numbers 6 10 Click to return to Table of Contents 91
Numbers 6 10 Numeral Definition: A word, symbol or figure that represents a number. For example, seven, VII, llll ll, and 7 are all numerals that represent the same number. Counting Objects When counting objects, say the number names in the standard order, pairing each object with one and only one number name. Understand that the last number said tells the number of objects counted. The number of objects is the same regardless of their arrangement or the order in which they were counted. Understand that each successive number name refers to quantity that is one larger. 92
Numbers 6 10 six Teacher Notes 93
Numbers 6 10 Build and Identify 6 Draw more to make a group of 6. 94
Numbers 6 10 seven Teacher Notes 95
Numbers 6 10 Build and Identify 7 Draw more windows to make a group of 7. 96
Start Teacher Notes 97
Numbers 6 10 eight Teacher Notes 98
Numbers 6 10 Build and Identify 8 Draw more to make a group of 8. 99
Numbers 6 10 nine Teacher Notes 100
Numbers 6 10 Build and Identify 9 Draw more to make a group of 9. 101
Doughnut Number Roll Teacher Notes 102
Numbers 6 10 ten Teacher Notes 103
Numbers 6 10 Build and Identify 10 Draw more to make a group of 10. 104
Teacher Notes 105
Numbers 6 10 How many? 6 7 8 9 10 6 7 8 9 10 6 7 8 9 10 6 7 8 9 10 106
Numbers 6 10 Working with Numbers 0 10 Number Clap Each student has number cards labeled 0 10. The teacher claps her/his hands. The students count silently. The children find the number card that corresponds to claps and hold up the card. They then find the correct number of objects from the pile in center of table. Number Sequence Use number cards and place in correct sequence against timer. Number Trace Trace number cards with finger. The cards should have raised numbers or sand paper. Next page match number of objects to numeral. 107
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Teacher Notes 109
1 2 3 4 5 6 Teacher Notes 7 8 9 10 110
Numbers 6 10 High Low Game Teacher Notes 111
Numbers 6 10 Domino Number Match 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Teacher Notes 112
Numbers 6 10 What's My Number? Teacher Notes 113
27 How many ducks? A 7 B 8 C 9 D 10 Answer 114
28 How many pigs? A 7 B 8 C 9 D 10 Answer 115
29 Are there 10 parrots? Yes No Answer 116
30 How many birds? A 7 B 8 C 9 D 10 Answer 117
Tally Marks Tally marks are another way to represent a number of objects. You might want to introduce tally marks with this story or another of your own. Once there were five caterpillars. They decided to take a nap on a beautiful green leaf. Each caterpillar crawled onto the leaf. 1...2...3...4... When it was number 5's turn there was no room for him. So he decided to lay across the other four. 118
Numbers 6 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Teacher Notes 119
Numbers 6 10 Teacher Notes 120
31 Are there 5 tally marks? Yes No Answer 121
32 How many tally marks? A 6 B 7 C 8 D 9 Answer 122
33 How many tally marks? A 5 B 8 C 9 D 10 Answer 123
Numbers 6 10 Number Sequence Put numbers in order... Identify one number. Ask the students to find number before or after. Students may work with own cards. 3 5 7 8 10 1 2 4 6 9 124
What's Missing? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Teacher Notes 125
To sequence numbers we must put them in the correct order, each time adding the number that represents one more. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 5 6 8 9 7 8 6 7 126
Numbers 6 10 Numbers follow a sequence. In this sequence the next number represents one more. What number should come next? What number came first? 5 6 8 9 5 6 8 9 6 7 7 8 7 8 9 10 127
34 Are these numbers in correct sequence? 5 6 7 8 9 10 Yes No Answer 128
35 What number comes next? A 7 B 8 C 9 D 10 6 7 Answer 129
36 What number comes first? 8 9 A 1 B 6 C 7 D 10 Answer 130
37 Are these numbers in correct sequence? Yes No 4 6 5 7 8 9 10 Answer 131
Number Writing 0 10 Click to return to Table of Contents 132
Number Writing 0 10 The following stroke formations will lay the groundwork for number writing. Circular O O O Horizontal Curved Diagonal / / / / / Vertical l l l Figure 8's 8 8 8 l l l 133
Number Writing 0 10 Let's go to the circus and practice our strokes. Use your straight arm to write in the sky. Then practice on your smart board, dry erase board, or paper. Strokes start on the next page. 134
Number Writing 0 10 Circular Draw the balloons at the circus. 135
Number Writing 0 10 Horizontal Walk across the tightrope. Draw the steps you take as you move. 136
Number Writing 0 10 Curved Draw the cotton candy. Make the curved shapes. 137
Number Writing 0 10 Diagonal Slide down the elephant's trunk. Draw the movement as you slide down. 138
Number Writing 0 10 Vertical See the monkey on the pole. Down the pole he goes. Draw the monkey's pole. 139
Number Writing 0 10 Figure 8 Watch the skateboarder follow the path. Draw the 8s he will follow. 140
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Roll the dice, count the dots, and then write the corresponding numeral. 155
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Number Writing 0 10 Count the objects in each group. Write the number. 164
Spin. How many? Write the number on the board. 165
Read the numbers in sequence. Cover the numbers with the screen then write the numbers below the screen. 166
Write the number that comes next. 167
Comparing Numbers Click to return to Table of Contents 168
Comparing Numbers Give the students opportunities to determine which group is larger, smaller or the same as another group. The children should identify whether the number of objects in one group is greater than, less than, or equal to the number of objects in another group by using matching and counting strategies. Extend this skill by having the students create groups with one more or one less object. 169
Comparing Numbers Exploring Same Number Draw the same number of buttons as button holes. 170
Comparing Numbers Exploring Same Number Place one dog on each stool. We need the same number of dogs as stools. 171
Comparing Numbers Exploring More and Fewer (Less) Teacher Notes 172
Comparing Numbers Exploring More and Fewer (Less) Teacher Notes 173
Comparing Numbers Exploring More and Fewer (Less) Teacher Notes 174
Same, More, Fewer Draw the same number of flowers. Draw more flowers. Draw fewer flowers. 175
Exploring Same, More, Fewer Make a group of the same number of peanuts as elephants. Make a group of more peanuts than elephants. Make a group of less peanuts than elephants. 176
Comparing Numbers One More, One Fewer one less one more 177
Comparing Numbers One More. One Fewer Draw a group with one less. Draw a group with one more. 178
Comparing Numbers Problem Solving Teacher Notes 179
Comparing Numbers Problem Solving Teacher Notes 180
Color one square for each animal. Which group has more? Which group has less? 181
Using Graphs to Compare Color each graph to show how many dogs and bears. Use same, more, or less to tell about the graphs. 182
38 Are there more peanuts than elephants? Yes No Answer 183
39 Are there fewer balls than cats? Yes No Answer 184
40 Which group has less? A B Answer C 185
41 Which group has more? A B Answer C 186
Comparing Numbers Comparing Written Numerals Ask children to distinguish the quantity of a written numeral compared to another written numeral. Display written numerals from 1 to 10 and have the children compare the two numbers. Use the terms more and less as you compare the numbers. 187
Comparing Numbers You have five green buttons and I have seven. Which number is more? 188
Compare Numbers More and Less Teacher Notes 189
Comparing Numbers Number Squeeze Game Greater Than or Less Than 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Teacher Notes 190
42 Which number is more? A B Answer 191
43 Which number is less? A B Answer 192
44 Is 4 greater than 3? Yes No 4 3 Answer 193
45 Is 8 less than 6? Yes No 8 6 Answer 194