INSTRUCTION: This paper consists of SIX (6) questions. Answer FOUR (4) questions only. ARAHAN: Kertas soalan ini mengandungi ENAM (6) soalan. Jawab EMPAT (4) soalan sahaja. QUESTION 1 SOALAN 1 (a) Define the following terms: Takrifkan istilah-istilah berikut: i. Manufacturing Pembuatan ii. Automation Automasi (b) Name FIVE (5) benefits of the implementation automation in manufacturing industry. Namakan LIMA (5) faedah melaksanakan automasi dalam industri pembuatan (c) Automation in production system can be classified into three basic types. Compare these THREE (3) types of automation. Automasi dalam sistem pengeluaran boleh dikelaskan kepada tiga jenis yang asas. Bandingkan TIGA (3) jenis automasi ini. [9 marks] [9 markah] 2 SULIT
C3 (d) Sketch and explain the basic elements of an automated system. Lakar dan terangkan elemen-elemen asas dalam sistem automatik. [7 marks] [7 markah] QUESTION 2 SOALAN 2 (a) Describe the positioning concepts in automation in terms of accuracy, repeatability and payload. Huraikan konsep kedudukan dalam automasi dari segi ketepatan, kebolehulangan dan muatan. (b) The control system of an automated system executes the program of instructions for the purpose to carry out some manufacturing process. Sketch the block diagram and explain the differences between open loop control system and close loop control systems. Sistem kawalan dalam sistem automasi melaksanakan arahan program dengan tujuan menjalankan sebahagian proses pembuatan. Lakarkan gambarajah blok dan terangkan perbezaan di antara sistem kawalan terbuka dan sistem kawalan tertutup. [8 marks] [8 markah] (c) List FIVE (5) levels of automation in manufacturing operation. Senaraikan LIMA (5) peringkat automasi dalam operasi pembuatan. 3 SULIT
(d) State SIX (6) conditions that manual labours are preferred than machines in factory operation. Nyatakan ENAM (6) keadaan yang di mana buruh manual lebih diperlukan berbanding mesin dalam operasi kilang. QUESTION 3 SOALAN 3 (a) Elementary mechanical components may be connected to form a system. Explain the following elementary mechanical concepts. Elemen komponen mekanikal boleh dihubungkan untuk membentuk sesuatu sistem. Terangkan konsep elemen mekanikal berikut. i. Linear Motion Linear Motion ii. Mechanical Work and Power Kuasa dan Kerja Mekanikal (b) Mechanical system often includes mechanisms such as gear, levers, linkages, cams, chains and belts. They all serve a common basic function, the transformation of the motion of an input component into the kinematically related motion of an output component. Explain THREE (3) differences between Rotary to Rotary Motion and Rotary to Linear Motion conversion. Sistem mekanikal selalu mengandungi mekanism seperti gear, tuil, penyambung, cams, rantai dan tali sawat. Ia menyediakan fungsi asas yang umum, mentransformasikan pergerakan komponen masukan kepada pergerakan kinematik berhubungkait dengan komponen keluaran. Bandingkan diantara pergerakan putaran kepada putaran dan pergerakan putaran kepada linear. 4 SULIT
(c) List FIVE (5) factors that need to be considered in selecting grippers. Senaraikan LIMA (5) faktor yang perlu dipertimbangkan dalam pemilihan pencengkam. (d) Explain the features of circular grippers and multiple standard grippers. Terangkan ciri-ciri circular grippers dan multiple standard grippers. QUESTION 4 SOALAN 4 (a) Describe the basic principles of stepper motor operation. Huraikan prinsip asas pengoperasian stepper motor. (b) Compare between the half step mode and micro step mode operation. Bandingkan mod separuh langkah dan mod langkah mikro. (c) Differentiate the principles control of actuators between Pneumatic actuators and Hydraulic actuators. Bezakan prinsip kawalan penggerak di antara penggerak pneumatik dan penggerak hidraulik. 5 SULIT
(d) List TWO (2) advantages of Brushless DC motor. Senaraikan DUA (2) kelebihan Motor DC brushless. QUESTION 5 SOALAN 5 (a) List FIVE (5) advantages of using sensor in an automation system. Senaraikan LIMA (5) kelebihan menggunakan penderia di dalam sistem automasi. (b) Describe the working function of each type of sensor below. Jelaskan fungsi bagi setiap jenis penderia dibawah. i. LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) Rintangan Terhadap Cahaya ii. Optical tactile sensor Penderia Optik iii. Strain Gauge sensor Penderia Terikan iv. Ultrasonic Sensor Penderia Ultrasonik v. Tachometer Tachometer 6 SULIT
(c) Inductive proximity sensor can be used to detect metal object nearby. Explain the working principles of an inductive proximity sensor. Penderia proximity induktif boleh digunakan untuk mengesan objek logam berdekatan. Terangkan mengenai prinsip pengoperasian penderia proximity induktif. QUESTION 6 SOALAN 6 (a) Explain FIVE (5) features that should be identified in order to implement automated work cycle program. Nyatakan LIMA (5) ciri-ciri yang perlu dikenal pasti untuk melaksanakan program kerja kitaran automatik. (b) A type of discrete control is sequential control. Briefly describe the sequential control. Salah satu jenis kawalan diskret adalah kawalan berjujukan. Terangkan secara ringkas kawalan berjujukan. (c) Construct Truth Tables for these logical gates: Bina jadual kebenaran bagi pintu logic berikut: i. OR ii. NAND iii. NOR 7 SULIT
C3 (d) Based on Figure 6.1, when start button is pushed, motor (M) will move from left to right. When LS2 is ON, the motor stops and delays for 5 seconds and then moves back to HOME. When LS1 is ON, Motor cuts off, signifying that the sequence is completed. Show and construct the ladder diagram for the system. Berdasarkan pada Rajah 6.1, apabila butang MULA ditekan, motor (M) akan bergerak daripada kiri ke kanan. Apabila LS2 di aktifkan, motor akan berhenti dan dilewatkan selama 5 saat dan kemudian kembali semula kepada kedudukan asal atau HOME. Apabila LS1 diaktifkan, motor akan dimatikan dan menunjukkan bahawa aturan kerja telah lengkap. Tunjukkan dan bina gambarajah tangga bagi sistem ini. STOP START LS1 (1) PB PB LS1 (2) M 1000 Motor Right 1001- Motor Left Figure 6.1 Rajah 6.1 QUESTION END SOALAN TAMAT 8 SULIT