16-12-20092009 University of Cassino Andrea Fraioli STATUS OF THE ILC R&Ds AT INFN PISA International Linear Collider Workshop 2010 LCSW10 AND ILC10 BeiJing, China, 26-30 March 2010 Carmine Elvezio Pagliarone INFN & Università di Cassino - Italy (on the behalf of the ILC Pisa Group)
R&Ds: Overview of ILC Pisa Activities Cryomodule Mechanics Control Electronics Main Linac RF Klystron Modulators and related PSs Collaborations: Fermilab JINR (Dubna) Universita di Pisa & Scuola Superiore S. Anna Department of Mechanic and Electronics Universita di Cassino DAEIMI (MoU FNAL/Cassino Univ.) Ti-SS Piezo Driver Nb-SS LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 2
Cryomodule Mechanics Bi-metallicTransitions by Explosion Welding (Production at JINR/Dubna, test in Pisa & FNAL): Ti-SS Tubes: Produced and tested (leak tightness) in several amounts and proved to work; Nb-SS (tube to flange transitons) Recently produced; The first tests in Pisa, at LN2 temperatures, are very encouraging; Cavity-beam pipe connections Successful test (leak tightness/no particulate emission) of custom Helicoflex with quick chain clamp connection system. LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 3 3/11
The Nb-SS Transition Test at PISA The Nb-SS transitions have been tested after thermal cycles in LN2; No leaks were found over a background of 3 10-10 mbar l/s. Nb tube SS Flange to the He Vessel LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 4 Carmine A., INFN-Pisa E. Pagliarone 4
Low Cost Driver System for Piezoelectric Actuators for the ILC Superconductive Cavity Fast Tuners LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 5
Introduction Lorentz force detuning and micro-phonics requires cavity stabilization with fast tuners; Piezoelectric actuators are a common choice for active elements; Piezo Driver requirements are: Capacitive Loads ranging from ~ 100 nf up to a fewµf; Bandwidth: ~ 100 Hz 1kHz; Output Voltage up to 200 V. Many units are needed (1 per each cavity); Commercially expensive; available Piezo Drivers are very We developed a Low Cost System with the required features. LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 6
Main Specifications Bipolar voltage rails (-175 V to +175); Full Power Bandwidth: 100 Hz; Small Signal Bandwidth: 10 khz; 3 A max peak current; Noise on electrical output: < 10 mv mv RMS ; The external control inputs are low voltage DC signals being the gain of the amplifier adjustable from 20x up to 400x; The driver is equipped with both output voltage and output current monitor; Additional features are one on board Digital Signal Controller for circuit supervision and protection, CANbus and RS-232 interfaces. LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 7
Conceptual Design and key features Complementary MOSFET output (source followers): Low output resistance (RDS On); Possibility to increase current driving using nultiple MOSFETs in parallel; AB class operation minimizing crossover distorsion; Feedback: the ipzd operates in closed loop up to 30 Hz, thus allowing an optimal control of piezo DC bias without limiting the driver bandwidth. LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 8
The Piezo Driver ipzd08 2 The IpZD08 2 is a low cost driver design which is ideally suited for fast tuner applications, large system packaging and has an excellent flexibility in its implementation; The Piezo Control Unit (PCU) is constituted by a single standard sub rack/19 19 -chassis (Height 6U, Width 84HP, Depth 415mm) mm); The PCU can host up to 5 dual channel piezo driver modules; Both Low Voltage and High Voltage power supplies are hosted in the case. The final cost is below 500 $/channel (cost is dominated by packaging options). LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 9
The two channels Piezo Driver board Size: 150 x 200 mm LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 10
Test Results Piezo Driving Voltage (V) 48 V 24 V 96 V, LN2 96 V Large signal Band Width (77 K) P-888 Physik Instrumente -20 to 120 V driving range stroke up to 35 mm static capacity at RT of 14 µf 10 x 10 x 36 mm size Temp K Piezo Driving Signal Freqency (Hz) Load µf Driving Signal Vpp BW Hz 300 14 2 1000 300 14 24 320 300 14 48 250 300 14 95 150 77 6.2 95 450 Static Test (room temperature) LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 11
The ipzd08 2 at Fermilab ILCTA Empty HV & LV ready to PS use slots - 3 Modules x 2 Channels + Crate under test at Fermilab; - Still tuning protection control firmware; - The crate can host 5 modules (10 channels in total). LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 12
What next? A new version of the ipz08, able to give x6 more current, is under development Higher reliability; Higher bandwidth; No significant increase in the cost. We are developing an optional mezzanine board which adds functionality to the unit at a small additional cost: 400 MHz CPU; Ethernet connection; 1 ADC + 1 DAC. This should be sufficient to drive local control loops on a single cavity. LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 13
Conclusion Excellent progress on developing a very cost effective Piezo Driver System; new version available by summer 2010; new version engineered for series production, by local firms. Successful progresses in Mechanical R&Ds; - no time for details Klystron Modulator and related PS Development. - no time for the subject LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 14
ILC INFN Pisa Group F. Bedeschi, G. Bellettini, A. Menzione, C. Pagliarone, D. Passuello, G.M. Piacentino A. Basti, G. Busatto, G. De Carolis, F. Frasconi, F. Iannuzzo, F. Raffaelli, S. Galeotti, A. Gennai, F. Spinella, F. Velardi Thank you! LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 15
Backup Slides LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 16
The He-Vessel is a container that hold the supercritical helium that surrounds and cools the cavity to the operating temperature. In the Tesla-like SRF cavities the vessel around the cavity is made in Titanium. Several studies show that the cost of this component is one of the most dominant cost element (together with the niobium material and cavity fabrication). The principal goal of this R&D is to find a good transition between the Nb and Stainless Steel (SS) to be able to built a He-Vessel in SS for ILC SRF cavities. Ti-SS He return pipe Blade tuner Nb-SS He-Vessel 9 cell SRF cavity LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 17
The explosion bonding process With this technology we are able to join metallic materials that cannot be welded with standard techniques. Extensively used to join Al and SS. Commercial SS-Al explosion bonding transitions are available on the market. Bimetallic plates (Al-SS and Ti-SS) with this technique are easy to find. It s not easy to find transitions made using tube elements and between the Nb and other material (Nb no widely used in the industry) Explosive Cladding plate Base material Explosion bond interface LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 18
The Ti/SS explosion bonding transition The Sarov company produced several samples starting from small diameter until to reach themaximum of 2 inches. The final samples were made using standard 2 tubes (one in Ti and the other in SS with the same diameter) with a SS collar explosion bonded from outside to join them. All samples produced were successfully tested in Pisa at room and nitrogen temperatures and after thermal cycles between these two values. Finally they was tested at He liquid temperature at FNAL. SS sleeve SS tube LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 19 Carmine A., INFN-Pisa E. Pagliarone 19 19
The Garlock Quick Disconnect System The Garlock Quick Disconnect System (QDS) use a conical flange design (conical profile 15 or 25 gr.), an external clamp with only one screw and Delta Helicoflex seal (with an external integrated centering guide) to performance a quick disconnect system with clear advantages: Quick connection and disconnection Compact size Fast and easy installation and removal Easy application of tightening force No twisting torque in the piping High seal level LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 20
The Nb/SS transition design Starting from the standard 9 cell SRF cavity plus He-vessel design we defined a transition in wich a SS flat flange is joined by explosion bonding to a short Nb tube with the internal diameter of cilindrical part of cavity ends (78 mm). During the cavity fabbrication this transition will be connect by EB weld on both side on the rest of cavity. Two similar Nb/SS transitions like that need to be used in the cavity assembly. Finally the SS He-Vessel will be TIG weld to two SS flanges of these two Nb/SS transitions. LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 21
The Nb/SS transition samples The Sarov company produced four samples according this design. Two samples were produced with the explosion bonding from outside to inside ( external explosion bonding ), two with the explosion bonding from inside to outside ( internal explosion bonding ) In the external explosion bonding samples a SS collar is joint by explosion to the Nb tube then the SS flange is EB weld to this collar. In the internal explosion bonding samples the Nb tube is direct connect to SS flange. SS flange Nb tube LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 22
A list of piezoelectric actuators that could be used includes: EPCOS, 7x7x30 mm, 2.1 uf, 0-160 V, 40 um. NOLIAC, 10x10x30 mm, 6 uf, 0-200 V, 42 um. HYSIK INSTRUMENTE, 10x10x36 mm, 12 uf, -20-120 V, 35 um. NOLIAC, 10x10x70 mm, 40 uf, 0-200 V, 100 um. PIEZOMECHANIC, 14 uf, -30-150 V, 80 um. LCWS10 & ILC10, Beijing - March 28 2010 23 23