SECTION 23 30 00 AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM PART 1 - GENERAL 1.1 Scope of Work: The work covered by this section consists of providing all labor, equipment and materials and performing all operations necessary for the installation of an air distribution system. 1.2 References to Other Sections: 1.2.1 Drawings and general provisions of Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Divisions 00 and 01 Specification sections, apply to work of this section. Division 23 Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods sections (Sections 23 05 00.xx) apply to work of this section. 1.2.2 Refer to Section 23 08 01 for Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing for testing, adjusting, and balancing of system. 1.2.3 Refer to Section 23 07 00 Mechanical Insulation for system insulation. 1.3 Codes and Standards: In addition to the codes and standards listed in Section 23 05 00.10, comply with SMACNA's "HVAC Duct Construction Standards, Metal and Flexible" latest edition for fabrication and installation of metal ductwork, and comply with NFPA 90A "Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems". 1.4 Submittals: 1.4.1 Submit the following product data. Annotate manufacturer s descriptive data to show specific model, type, and size of each item. 1. Adhesives and sealants 2. Fiberglass ductboard 3. Factory-fabricated metal duct 4. Factory-fabricated flexible duct 5. Manual volume dampers 6. Automatic control dampers 7. Fire dampers 8. Duct access doors 9. Flexible duct connectors 10. Wind-driven rain resistant louver 11. Grilles, diffusers, and registers 1.4.2 Shop Drawings: Submit scaled layout drawings of ductwork and fittings including, but not limited to, duct sizes, locations, elevations, and slopes of horizontal runs, wall and floor penetrations, and connections. Show interface and spatial relationship between ductwork and proximate equipment. Show modifications of indicated requirements, made to conform to local shop practice, and how those modifications ensure that free area, materials, and rigidity are not reduced. 1.4.3 Record Drawings: At project closeout, submit record drawings of installed ductwork and ductwork products, in accordance with requirements of Division 1. AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 23 30 00-1
PART 2 - PRODUCTS 2.1 Metal Ductwork: 2.1.1 Sheet metal; except as otherwise indicated, fabricate ductwork from galvanized sheet steel complying with ASTM A 527, lockforming quality; with G 90 zinc coating in accordance with ASTM A 525; and mill phosphatized for exposed locations. Stamp gauge and manufacturer's identification on each sheet. Break sheets so that identification is exposed. 2.1.2 Where ductwork is indicated to be exposed to view in occupied spaces, provide materials which are free from visual imperfections including pitting, seam marks, roller marks, stains and discolorations, and other imperfections, including those which would impair painting. 2.2 Metal Duct Fabrication: 2.2.1 Shop fabricate ductwork in 4, 8, 10 or 12 foot lengths, unless otherwise indicated or required to complete runs. Preassemble work in shop to greatest extent possible, so as to minimize field assembly of systems. Disassemble systems only to extent necessary for shipping and handling. Match-mark sections for reassembly and coordinated installation. Fabricate ductwork of gages and reinforcement complying with SMACNA "HVAC Duct Construction Standards". 2.2.2 Supply duct from split system AHUs, and all return and exhaust duct shall be minimum 2" pressure class unless otherwise noted. 2.2.3 Fabricate duct fittings to match adjoining ducts, and to comply with duct requirements as applicable to fittings. Except as otherwise indicated, fabricate elbows with center-line radius equal to 1-1/2 times associated duct width. Fabricate to include double turning vanes in elbows where shorter radius is necessary. Limit angular tapers to 30º for contracting tapers and 20º for expanding tapers. 2.2.4 Elbows, vaned elbows, take-offs, branch connections, transitions, and splitters shall comply with SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standards, Section 2. 2.3 Factory-Fabricated Low Pressure Ductwork: 2.3.1 Galvanized sheet steel complying with ASTM A 527, lockforming quality, with ASTM A 525, G90 zinc coating, mill phosphatized; 28 gauge minimum for round and oval ducts and fittings, 4" through 24" diameter. 2.3.2 Provide elbows of one-piece construction for 90º and 45º elbows 14" and smaller. Provide multiple gore construction for larger diameters with standing seam circumferential joint. Elbows shall be constructed with center-line radius equal to 1-1/2 times associated duct width or diameter. 2.3.3 Divided flow fittings; 90º tees, constructed with saddle tap spot welded and bonded to duct fitting body. 2.3.4 Acceptable manufacturers; subject to compliance with requirements, provide factory-fabricated ductwork by Semco Manufacturing, Inc. or United Sheet Metal Division United McGill Corp., or approved equivalent. 2.4 Fittings in Metal Round Duct: Provide radius type fittings fabricated of multiple sections with maximum 15º change of direction per section. Unless specifically detailed otherwise, use 45º AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 23 30 00-2
laterals and 45º elbows for branch takeoff connections. Where 90º branches are indicated, provide conical type tees. 2.5 Fibrous Glass Ductwork (Ductboard): Provide duct system manufactured from rigid bonded fibrous glass boards with damage-resistant and flame retardant reinforced aluminum foil facing. Fibrous glass boards shall be 1-1/2 inch thick and have a minimum installed R-value of 6.0. Provide ducts straight and smooth on inside with neatly finished joints sealed airtight with undiluted mastic (duct sealant) as specified herein. 2.6 Miscellaneous Materials: Provide miscellaneous materials and products of types and sizes indicated and, where not otherwise indicated, provide type and size required to comply with ductwork system requirements including proper connection of ductwork and equipment. 2.6.1 Duct sealant shall be non-hardening, non-migrating mastic or liquid elastic sealant, type applicable for fabrication/installation detail, as compounded and recommended by manufacturer specifically for sealing joints and seams in ductwork. 2.6.2 Ductwork support materials; except as otherwise indicated, provide hot-dipped galvanized steel fasteners, anchors, rods, straps, trim and angles for support of ductwork. 2.7 Flexible Ductwork: UL 181, Class 1, UL listed, in compliance with SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standards. Used to connect between low pressure rigid ducts and air outlets. There shall be no erosion, delamination, loose fibers, or odors from the ducts into the air stream. At 250 F, minimum rating pressures shall be 6 W.G. positive and 4 W.G. negative, up to 5,000 fpm. 2.7.1 Flexible ductwork construction; corrosion resistant galvanized steel helix formed and mechanically locked to fabric. Liner shall be constructed of a CPE inner film with sound attenuating properties. Flexible ducts shall be Flexmaster Type 8M or approved equivalent. 2.7.2 Flexible ductwork insulation and vapor barrier; ASTM C553, minimum 1 inch nominal thickness. The insulation shall be sheathed with fire retardant reinforced aluminum material vapor barrier having a maximum water permeance of 0.05 perms in accordance with ASTM E96, Procedure A. Coat ends of insulation with cement to prevent erosion and delamination. 2.8 Dampers: All volume dampers (manual and automatic) and fire dampers shall comply with SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standards, Section 2. 2.8.1 Low pressure manual volume dampers; provide 16 gauge dampers of single-blade type (12" maximum blade width) or multiblade type. Damper blades to be gang-operated from a single shaft with nylon or ball bearings on each end. Provide indexed locking quadrant. Provide opposed blade style. 2.8.2 Automatic control dampers; provide dampers with parallel blades for 2-position control, or opposed blades for modulating control. Construct blades of 16 gauge steel. Provide heavyduty molded self-lubricating nylon bearings and 1/2 inch diameter steel axles spaced on 9 inch centers. Provide sponge rubber or felted blade edges. Construct frame of 2"x1/2"x1/8" steel channel for face areas 25 square feet and under and 4"x1-1/4 x16-gauge channel for face areas over 25 square feet. Provide galvanized steel finish with aluminum touch-up. Actuators (motors) shall be provided by the control contractor. 2.9 Turning Vanes: Provide manufactured double wall turning vanes and vane runners where indicated on the drawings, constructed in accordance with SMACNA "HVAC Duct Construction Standards". AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 23 30 00-3
2.10 Duct Access Doors: All duct access doors shall comply with SMACNA Duct Construction Standards, Section 2. Construct access doors of same or greater gage as ductwork served, provide insulated doors for insulated ductwork. Provide flush frames for uninsulated ductwork, extended frames for externally insulated duct. Provide one side hinged and the other side with one-handle type latch for doors 12 inches high and smaller and two-handle type latches for larger doors. 2.11 Flexible Duct Connections: All duct flexible connectors shall comply with SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standards, Section 2. Provide flexible duct connections wherever ductwork connects to vibration isolated equipment. Construct flexible connections of neoprene-coated flameproof fabric crimped into duct flanges for attachment to duct and equipment. Make airtight joint. Provide adequate joint flexibility to allow for thermal, axial, transverse, and torsional movement, capable of absorbing vibrations of connected equipment. 2.12 Wind-Driven Rain Resistant Louvers: 2.12.1 Louvers shall be tested in accordance with AMCA 511, comply with AMCA Certified Ratings Program, and bear the AMCA Certified Ratings Seal. AMCA Certified Ratings shall apply to air performance and water penetration. Additionally louvers shall have been assigned an unexpired Miami-Dade County Notice of Acceptance Number. 2.12.2 Frame shall be minimum 5 inches deep and constructed from extruded aluminum alloy. Blades shall be sight-proof, double-drainable, horizontally mounted extruded aluminum alloy on 2 inch centers. 2.12.3 Louver shall be provided with an aluminum mesh bird screen 2.13 Grilles, Registers, and Diffusers: 2.13.1 Except as otherwise indicated, provide manufacturer's standard grilles, registers, and diffusers where shown and of size, shape, capacity and type indicated on the drawings. Grilles, registers, and diffusers shall be constructed of materials and components as indicated on the drawings, and as required for complete installation. 2.13.2 Performance; provide grilles, registers and diffusers that have, as minimum, temperature and velocity traverses, throw and drop, and noise criteria ratings for each size device equivalent to the basis of design. 2.13.3 Ceiling and wall compatibility; provide grilles, registers and diffusers with border styles that are compatible with adjacent wall and ceiling systems, and that are specifically manufactured to fit into ceiling module or wall with accurate fit and adequate support. Refer to general construction drawings and specifications for types of ceiling systems and walls which will contain each type of ceiling diffuser, grille, or register. 2.13.4 Appearance; all grilles and registers shall be aluminum construction and all diffusers shall be steel or aluminum construction, unless otherwise noted, with uniform matching appearance for each type of outlet. Ceiling mounted grilles and registers shall be set to be sight tight from the predominant exposure. 2.13.5 Finish; all ceiling, wall, and door mounted grilles, registers, and diffusers shall be finished with baked white enamel. PART 3 - EXECUTION AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 23 30 00-4
3.1 General: Examine areas and conditions under which ductwork and ductwork accessories are to be installed. Do not proceed with work until unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected in manner acceptable to the installer. 3.2 Installation of Rigid Ductwork: 3.2.1 Assemble and install ductwork in accordance with recognized industry practices which will achieve air-tight (5% leakage for systems rated 3" and under; 1% for systems rated over 3") and noiseless (no objectionable noise) systems, capable of performing each indicated service. Install each run with minimum number of joints. Align ductwork accurately at connections, within 1/8" misalignment tolerance and with internal surfaces smooth. Support ducts rigidly with suitable ties, braces, hangers and anchors of type which will hold ducts true-to-shape and to prevent buckling. Support vertical ducts at every floor. 3.2.2 Supports; install concrete inserts for support of ductwork in coordination with formwork, as required to avoid delays in work. Install self-drilling screw anchors in prestressed concrete or existing work. 3.2.3 Complete fabrication of work at project as necessary to match shop-fabricated work and accommodate installation requirements. Seal joints in round or oval ductwork with hard cast or shrink bands, and sheet metal screws, or by welding. High velocity rectangular ducts shall have approved joints and be made airtight with sealer or welding. 3.2.4 Locate ductwork runs, except as otherwise indicated, vertically and horizontally and avoid diagonal runs wherever possible. Locate runs as indicated by drawings, diagrams, details and notations or, if not otherwise indicated, run ductwork in shortest route which does not obstruct useable space or block access for servicing building and its equipment. Hold ducts close to walls, overhead construction, columns, and other structural and permanent enclosure elements of building. Limit clearance to 1/2" where furring is shown for enclosure or concealment of ducts, but allow for insulation thickness, if any. Where possible, locate insulated ductwork for 1" clearance outside of insulation. Wherever possible in finished and occupied spaces, conceal ductwork from view, by locating in mechanical shafts or above suspended ceilings. Coordinate layout with suspended ceiling and lighting layouts and similar finished work. 3.2.5 Do not route ductwork through transformer vaults or other electrical equipment spaces and enclosures unless specifically shown on the drawings. 3.2.6 Where ducts pass through interior partitions and exterior walls, and are exposed to view, conceal space between construction opening and duct or duct insulation with sheet metal flanges of same gage as duct. Overlap opening on 4 sides by at least 1-1/2". Fasten to duct and substrate. Where ducts pass through fire-rated floors, walls, or partitions, provide firestopping between duct and substrate. 3.2.7 Coordinate duct installations with installation of accessories, dampers, coil frames, equipment, controls and other associated work of ductwork system. 3.2.8 Install metal ductwork in accordance with SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standards. Fan discharge outlet ducts shall be installed correctly with regard to "system effect" per AMCA Publication 201. 3.3 Installation of Flexible Ducts: AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 23 30 00-5
3.3.1 For any duct run using flexible ductwork, do not exceed 8 extended length. Flexible duct shall only be allowed as indicated on the details on the drawings. Minimum bend radius shall be 1-1/2 times the duct diameter. 3.3.2 Install flexible ductwork in accordance with Section III of SMACNA's "HVAC Duct Construction Standards, Metal and Flexible". Support flexible ducts every 3 feet by hangers to eliminate pinching and kinking which would restrict flow. 3.3.3 Seal inside of flexible duct connections to sheet metal ducts, boots and terminals. Additionally secure connection with strap clamp. Provide outer coat of sealant and insulate joint with foamed rubber insulation to avoid condensation. 3.4 Equipment Connections: Connect metal ductwork to equipment as indicated, provide flexible connection for each ductwork connection to equipment mounted on vibration isolators, and/or equipment containing rotating machinery. 3.5 Duct Cleaning: Clean ductwork internally, unit by unit as it is installed free of dust and debris. Clean external surfaces of foreign substances which might cause corrosive deterioration of metal or, where ductwork is to be painted, might interfere with painting or cause paint deterioration. 3.6 Turning Vanes: Install turning vanes in square or rectangular 90 elbows in supply, return, and exhaust air systems, and elsewhere as indicated. 3.7 Access Doors: Install access doors to open against system air pressure, with latches operable from either side, except outside only where duct is too small for person to enter. Install on entering air side of reheat coils and at fire dampers. Opening size shall be per NFPA 90A for servicing fire and smoke dampers. Provide label with 1-1/2" letters to indicate location of fire protection devices. 3.8 Operation, Adjusting and Cleaning: 3.8.1 Operate installed ductwork accessories to demonstrate compliance with requirements. Repair or replace faulty accessories as required to obtain proper operation and leakproof performance. 3.8.2 Adjust ductwork accessories for proper settings, install fusible links in fire dampers and adjust for proper action. 3.8.3 Final positioning of manual dampers is specified in Section 23 08 01. However, the system shall be left functional with all dampers open or throttled. 3.9 Duct Leakage Tests: After each duct system is completed, test for duct leakage in accordance with Sections 3 and 5 SMACNA HVAC Air Duct Leakage Test Manual. Repair leaks and repeat tests until total leakage is less than 5% of system design air flow for low pressure systems and less than 1% for systems rated over 3". 3.10 Wind-Driven Rain Resistant Louvers: Install louvers at locations indicated and in accordance with the manufacturer s recommendations. Install louvers plumb, level, and in alignment with adjacent work. 3.11 Grilles, Registers, and Diffusers: 3.11.1 Coordinate installation with ceiling and light fixture installation. Locate ceiling outlets as indicated on architectural "Reflected Ceiling Plans". Unless otherwise indicated, locate ceiling outlets in the center of acoustical ceiling modules with sides parallel to the grid. AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 23 30 00-6
3.11.2 Install air outlets and inlets in accordance with manufacturer's written instructions and in accordance with recognized industry practices to insure that products serve intended functions. 3.11.3 Furnish to the owner, with receipt, 3 operating keys for each type of outlet and inlet that require them. 3.12 Balancing: Refer to Section 23 08 01 for air distribution balancing of metal ductwork. Seal any leaks in ductwork that become apparent in balancing process. END OF SECTION 23 30 00 AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 23 30 00-7
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