From Innovation Policy to Innovation Development Policy: Challenges and Opportunities Professor Dr. Mu Rongping Center for Innovation and Development Chinese Academy of Sciences
Outline I. Technology Foresight & Innovation Policy II. Vision Development & Innovative Development Policy III. Science Advice Mechanism & Digital Transformation IV. S&T Internationalization & Global Innovation Governance V. Future uncertainty & Challenges 2
I. Technology Foresight & Innovation Policy 40 years System Reform Economic System Transformation Development Philosophy Transformation Science &Technology System Reform Capacity-building for Innovation Development
I. Technology Foresight & Innovation Policy Decision on Reforming S&T System in 1985 Operation Mechanism S&T Economic Development Organization Structure National S&T Program Tech Market HR Institutions Research, Design, Education, Production Decision on Deepening S&T System Reform (1996-2000) in 1996
OECD: Knowledge-based Economy in 1996 Gap between Developing Countries and Developed Countries Knowledge Production Knowledge Transmission Knowledge Transfer Knowledge Application Evaluation of Ten Years S&T System Reform National Innovation System International Cooperation CAS PILOT PROJECT OF KNOWLEDGE INNOVATION PROGRA M in 1998
National Economic & Social Development Basic Research & High-tech Innovation CAS Mission Focus Change Science Development Report since 1998 Hi-tech Development Report since 2000 China Technology Foresight towards 2020 Original Scientific Innovation Key Technological Innovation & System Integration Climbing the World Scientific & Technological Peak 6
I. Technology Foresight & Innovation Policy National M&L Term Plan for S&T Development (2006-2020) in 2006 Supportive Policies Innovation-driven Development 78 Detailed Policy Documents Technology Foresight
Visions and Goals New Way for Industrialization in 2002 Scientific Outlook on Development in 2003 Resource-saving and Environment-friendly Society in 2004 Harmonious Society in 2005 Innovation-driven country by 2020 in 2006 Eco-civilization Society in 2012 8
II. Vision Development & Innovative Dev. Policy Society of Globalization Information Society Consumption-driven Society New Industrialized Society New Urbanized Society Recycling Society Innovation-driven Development The Scenario Building for China Development in 2020 P9
II. Vision Development & Innovative Dev. Policy Innovation policy practices in China have shown that Innovation policy should focus development issues, namely: science and technology development, economic development, social development, and environmental development. Understanding the Development Economic development Economic & environmental development Economic & environmental & societal development People-centered development
Innovative To Meet New Development Concepts Coordinated Development Open Green Shared
SDGs to some extent determine the goals of innovative development policy and the time schedule to implement
II. Vision Development & Innovative Dev. Policy Evolution of S&T and Innovation Policy Science Policy Discovery Science & Technology Policy Innovation Policy since 1990s Discovery + invention Commercialization + diffusion Innovation Development Policy Innovation for Development 13 4 countries have MoS in 1963, ¾ of OECD countries have MoS in 1966
From Innovation Policy to Innovative Development Policy Innovation is a complex process of value creation, including: scientific value, technological, economic value, social value, and culture value. ------Rongping Mu 2009 The orientation of innovative development policy is to seek the efficiency and benefit of value creation under the certain development concept. The innovative development policy emphasizes the guidance of the development concept, and emphasizes the decisive influence of the development concept on the innovation resource allocation and the value judgment of innovation output.
II. Vision Development & Innovative Dev. Policy National High-Tech Industrial Development Zone (146) National Innovation Demonstration Zone (17) National Innovation City (61) Strategic & Emerging National Engineering Labs Industries National Enterprises TDC Social Service Pillar Industries development Modern Service Modern Agriculture Priority-setting Capacity-building Policy experiment ICT and Infrastructure Institutions Culture
II. Vision Development & Innovative Dev. Policy SCI Paper Number Ratio to the World
China France Germany Japan UK US Number of resident patent grants (items) China France Germany Japan UK US China France Germany Japan UK US China France Germany Japan UK US Gross enrollment rate of tertiary (% ) Number of PCT patent applications (items) Cited times of international papers
China France Germany Japan UK US Income and expenditure ratio for the use of intellectual property (%) China France Germany Japan UK US China France Germany Japan UK US China France Germany Japan UK US Internet users (per 100 people) GDP per unit of energy use (constant 2011 PPP $ per kg of oil equivalent) Income for the use of intellectual property, (US$)
China France Germany Japan UK US Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) China France Germany Japan UK US China France Germany Japan UK US China France Germany Japan UK US Research and development expenditure per researcher (million US$/Full time equivalent) Research and development expenditure (million US$) Researchers in R&D (per million people)
III. Science Advice Mechanism & Digital Transformation Science advice mechanisms are very diversified in the world. science advisor national S&T council ministry of S&T International Organizations UN and related bodies UN Secretary-General s Scientific Advisory Board (UNESCO is the secretariat.) UNESCO Specific Committees WHO WMO FAO ITU WIPO OECD GSF TIP CSTP NESTI Others Others
Institutions for Policy Research FhGISI National Academies CASIPM NISTEP Research Funding agencies NSF/ERC/NFSC/JST/DFG.. IGFA Belmont Forum GRC MIoIR SPRU Rathenau STEPI CASTeD KISTEP Learned Bodies Societies P21
There are many channels to provide science advice to government in China. Ministry of S&T and S&T departments in other ministries. Governmental think tanks such Development Research Center of the State Council and research bodies affiliated to ministry. CAS/CAE have the function of think-tank in the fields of S&T and Engineering S&T Expert Advisory Committee affiliated to governments (EAC for Five Year Planning of NDRC) Academic associations and think tank in universities
Capacity-building for High Level S&T Think-tank The Pilot program of National High-level Think Tank in 2015 Ten comprehensive think tanks, including CAS and CAE. The National High-level Think tank of CAS consists of the Academic Division (700 academicians) of CAS and Research Institutes and Universities of CAS. CASISD (Institutes of Science and Development of Chinese Academy of Sciences) has been established on the basis of CASIPM since January 2016. 23
Top Down Key Strategies Key Projects Key Measures Implementation of 13 th National Economic & Social Development Bottom Up Aiming at One Belt One Road Yangzi River Economic Belt The Joint Development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei End Poverty Initiative Feasibility Analysis Science advice in Policy Process
Innovation-driven Digital Transformation Innovation capacity building Digital Production Enterprises Digital Life consumer Digital Environment Govern ments Digitization Networking Intelligent Digital divide
1 Data-Driven and Smart Innovation System 2 Smart/Open PRIs and Universities 1 Digital Value Chain 2 Smart Manufacturing 3 Industrial Innovation 4 Digital Factory 1 Smart Healthcare 2 Smart Education 3 Smart Public Security 4 Smart City/Villages 1Digital Infrastructure 2Smart Transportation
IV. S&T Internationalization & Global Innov. Governance first author Other coauthor Cooperation with scientists from 155 countries or economies. In 2016, 225 papers with over 1000 co-authors and 150 cooperative institutions. 496 articles with over 100 co-authors, and more than 50 cooperative institutions. Big Science Cooperation US UK Australian Canada Japan Germany
IV. S&T Internationalization & Global Innov. Governance 1 Climate Change and International Cooperation 2 S & T Revolution and International Cooperation 3 SDG and International Cooperation 4 Uncertainty Assessment of Emerging Technology 5 Global Innovation and Governance 28
V. Future uncertainty & Challenges 1 Digital Transformation and Social Equity 2 Technology and Industry/Production Revolution 3 Safety of Emerging Technology 4 Digital Security Risk and Global Data Governance 5 Data-Driven and Smart Innovation System: Infrastructure/skill 6 International Mobility and Supply of STI Talents
Thanks for your Attentions Prof. Dr. Mu Rongping mrp@casipm.ac.cn