Power Transformer Fault Monitoring And Alert System Miss.Prajakta Ashok dangat dangatprajakta@gmail.com Miss.Anuradha Changdev Randhe Student of Electrical Engineering anurandhe@gmail.com Miss.Shital Babasaheb Gaikwad shitalgaikwad0@gmail.com Miss.Vaishali Chandrakant Hande AVCOE,Sangamner vaishalihande@gmail.com Prof.Aravind.S.Pande Asst.Professor Electrical Engineering Department arvindpande@gmail.com ABSTRACT Nowadays, there is need of monitoring and controlling the device. Transformers are the most important part of transmission and distribution system. Transformer suffers from various abnormalities which causes sudden shut down of transformer. Due to frequent power cut because of transformer fault residential areas suffer from serious problems.the aim of our project is to monitor and protect oil level,temperature and voltage and current level of transformer without involving man power. In todays fast changing world everything is becoming compact,portable. Mobile handsets are a biggest device for communication which made our life simpler and connected. GSM is link between embedded system and GSM network. The objective of this project is to develop low cost method for monitoring the health condition transformer using GSM technology to prevent transformer. Keywords Power transformer, Microcontroller,fault,GSM. TRODUCTION In power system the transformer is a electrical equipment which distribute and transform the low voltage use us directly. The effective approach to prevent malfunctions of power equipment is the online monitoring. The main concern of transformer protection is protection of transformer against internal faults. The transformer failure occurs due to temperature rise, overload, low oil level, poor quality of cable and improper installation ad maintains. Out of these factors temperature rise,low oil level and overload need continuous monitoring to save or increased transformer life. Data are collected continuously and compared with set value and then information about the system health.the objective of our project is Helps to monitor the power grid, industry.no need to put a person on relay to monitor the fault /.An indication system with overvoltage & overcurrent..literature REVIEW The literature related to the research topic has been reviewed for last twenty years in order to find out work carried out by various researchers. M.Anand, R.Sumi, G.Nithya (0) : In this paper authors tells objective of this to monitor the transformer parameters such as voltage, current, frequency and temperature and to control using microcontroller with the help of zigbee transceiver. It explains how to monitor the above parameters and isolate the power supply during emergencies. Zigbee is wireless transceiver where we can send and receive the data through this module. The monitored parameters will be sent to the PC through zigbee. The cooling system of the transformer is performed if winding temperature exceeds a certain value []. Rakesh Kumar Pandey, Dilip Kumar (0): In this paper authors explains the distributed transformer networks remote monitoring system (DTRMS) is developed and constructed, for monitor and record the parameters like temperature, oil level status, of a distribution transformer. The system consists of a microcontroller based circuit, with solid-state components for handling sensors, power back-up, real time clock and data communication module which based on Zigbee protocol. Sensors, including a Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) and a Liquid level sensor performs according to manufacturers specifications are calibrated and tested using Lab VIEW software[].. BLOCK DIAGRAM Fig.consists of current transformer, potential transformer, temperature sensor,microcontroller(ats),lcd display, GSM Modem and relay. In transformer,failure occurs due to Voltage & current fluctuation, overheating, change in oil level etc. In this project,for sensing fault we used current transformer,potential transformer, limit switch, temperature sensor, and fuse also.the all sensors output is given comparator & then microcontroller S.ATS has four ports viz.p0,p,p and P to which address line, GSM
modem,lcd are connected.when fault occurs in system due to any reason it will display on LCD and quick SMS will go to mobile. And not only the respective LED will ON but also buzzer give an indication. LCD x ANTENNA Fuse Oil Theft TEMP DI DI DI DI Micro CONTROLLER SERIAL TERFACE LED LED GSM MODEM LED DICATION FOR CORRESPONDG FAULTS LED LED v SW DI C LED LED LED LED LOW Battery Low Battery DI AC PUT 0V PHASE NEUTRAL T PT VOLTAGE SIGNAL CONDITIONG Genrator SW MSEB SW SW Genrator SW SW MSEB SW DI DI NO CONATACT HOOTER PHASE PUT. CURRENT Load KEYBOARD CURRENT TRANSFORMER. NEUTRAL Fig. Block Diagram. WORKG A power supply of volts is used for the working of the circuit s all components in the circuit requires volts. MATLAB application on computer, the computer sends As shown in fig microcontroller is the heart of the system.the sensors current transformer, temperature sensor, potential transformer, fuse and limit switch are connected on the transformer site. These sensors are used to monitoring transformer parameters (voltage, current, temperature and oil level).at start input from mains 0v lines to load is monitored by CT and PT which gives current and voltage level based on load used by consumer.the 0v i.e. stepped down to v using step down transformer. the output of PT is given to signal conditioning block.this block has rectifier, filter and regulator.the rectifier will convert AC into DC. This DC has some ripples,so capacitor filter is used to remove the AC ripples.the output of filter is pure DC volts.but microcontroller reqires only +V DC.Therefore we are using voltage regulator 0 IC..CIRCUIT DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION Fig show the circuit diagram of these system. The microcontroller having port port 0, pot, port, port.port 0 having pins which is analog to digital converter. First pin of Port 0 connected to data pin of LCD remaining pin are connected to R/W,EN,RS etc.of LCD.for displaying status of system for various types of fault.the DB are connected in between them also from port. Port is also pin configuration which is having analog signal which are connected to ULN0 IC input pin. Port having pin out of these the RXD and TXD pin are connected to R out and T in pin of MAX and then T out and R in are connected to receive and transmit data pin of RS.
0 GND VCC 0 0 ULN0 UH ULN0 V D R 0K/P V RED 0MM C V U ATC P.0/A P./A P./A0 P./A P./A P./A P./A P./A P0.0/AD0 P0./AD P0./AD P0./AD P0./AD P0./AD P0./AD P0./AD 0 P.0/RXD P./TXD P./TO P./T P./TO P./T P./WR P./RD P.0 P. P. P. P. P. P. P. PSEN 0 ALE/PROG XTAL XTAL RST EA/VPP V MICROCONTROLLER RST R K V R C X LCD CONNECTOR J R E 0 D D D D R/W EN RS LCD 0K R SW SW SPST SW SW SPST V V LAMP LAMP V LAMP LAMP LAMP Hooter 0 0 0 0 U MAX ULN0 UB C uf C+ C- R 0K 0 ULN0 UC ULN0 UD ULN0 UE ULN0 UF ULN0 UG DC 0.uf C uf LAMP LAMP R0 K C 0uF/V LAMP V R V 0 0 UA D D D D D D D D C pf 0K/P Y.0Mhz 00E/w V+ V- C0 uf C+ C- R0 GSM_TX 0 T T T T GSM_RX P 00E/w To GSM MODEM R 00E/w R 00E/w R R R R UART CIRCUIT FOR GSM MODEM V C R pf CIRCUIT 00E/w R 00E/w R 00E/w R 00E/w LAMP DICATION C uf D RED 0MM D RED 0MM D RED 0MM D0 RED 0MM D RED 0MM D RED 0MM D RED 0MM V Q BC R D N00 K V RELAY SPDT R 0K 0K Q BC RELAY DRIVER V Fig.circuit diagram
. FUTURE SCOPE In this project with the help of GSM model we will send SMS and generator will be on. Status of project will be shown with the help of segment display. In industries whenever diesel sequence of system s is low the buzzer alarm.. APPLICATIONS Power Grid Factories Industrial Area Home Automation.. ADVANTAGES It is reliable system. It is effective than manual monitoring It is recover the system less time. It increased life of equipment. No manual errors. Remote location operation can be done.. DISADVANTAGES Costly for general application. This system is not battery operated. The system is network dependent. hence reduce the reliability of the system. 0. CONCLUSION The GSM based monitoring of power transformer is quite useful as compared to manual monitoring and also it is reliable as it is not possible to monitor always the oil level, oil temperature rise, ambient temperature rise, load current manually. After receiving of message of any abnormality we can take action immediately to prevent any catastrophic failures of distribution transformers. In a distribution network there are many distribution transformers and associating each transformer with such system, we can easily figure out that which transformer is undergoing fault from the message sent to mobile. We need not have to check all transformers and corresponding phase currents and voltages and thus we can recover the system in less time. The time for receiving messages may vary due to the public GSM network traffic but still then it is effective than manual monitoring. Fig.Model of transformer fault monitoring and alert kit ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It is indeed a matter of great pleasure and proud privilege to be able to present this project on Power transformer fault monitoring and alert system We would like to take this opportunity to express our respect and deep gratitude to our guide Prof. A.S.Pande for giving all necessary guidance required for this project, apart from being constant source of inspiration and motivation. It was our privilege to have worked under them. We are also thankful to H.O.D. Prof. S.S.Kadlag for the regular guidance, cooperation, encouragement and kind help. REFERENCES [].Ravishankar Tularam Zanzad, Prof. Nikita Umare, Prof. Gajanan Patle(0), ZIGBEE Wireless Transformer Monitoring,Protection and Control System vol.,pages. []. M.Anand, R.Sumi, G.Nithya, B.Mahalakshmi (0), Microcontroller Based Transformer Monitoring and Controlling System Using Zigbee vol., pages. []. Rakesh Kumar Pandey, Dilip Kumar(0), Distributed Transformer Monitoring System Based On Zigbee Technology vol.,pages. [].P.Mercy, N.Uma Maheswari, S.Deepika Devi, V.Dhamodharan(0), Wireless Protection and Monitoring of Power Transformer using PIC vol.,pages. [].International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume, Issue December-0 ISSN -
AB AUTHORS Miss.Prajakta Ashok dangat, she currently perusing BE from Electrical Engineering Department, Amrutvahini College of Engineering Sangamner Miss.Shital Babasaheb Gaikwad, she currently perusing BE from Electrical Engineering Department, Amrutvahini College of Engineering Sangamner. Miss.Vaishali Chandrakant Hande, she currently perusing BE from Electrical Engineering Department, Amrutvahini College of Engineering Sangamner Miss.Anuradha Changdev Randhe, she currently perusing BE from Electrical Engineering Department, Amrutvahini College of Engineering Sangamner. Prof.Aravind.S.Pande Asst.Professor of Electrical Engineering Department, Amrutvahini college of engineering, Sangamner. 00