Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Umm- Al- Qura University Social Sciences department English Language Center المملكة العربية للسعودية جامعة ام القرى كلية العلوم االجتماعية مركز اللغة االنجليزية Pre-intermediate (Grammar) Done By: Ms. Tahani Ramzi Ji & Ms. Kholoud Binsiddiq
Unit 1 : WH question words Where? Where did you go? place What? What did you buy? A jacket thing What + (n) What sort of + (N) What color is your jacket? Green What size is your shirt? Medium What sort of books do you like? History books What sort of movies do you like? Animation When? How long? How Often When did you go to the mall? In the morning. or yesterday How long did you stay there? 3 days. Or 5 hours How often do you go shopping? Every weekend. or Once a week Point of Time Period of time taken to finish something Frequency of something repeated How? How did you go there? By car. The way you do it How many? How many dresses did you buy? three Quantity for countable nouns How much? How much did it cost? 5 Dollars How much rice do you need? 3 kilos Quantity for uncountable nouns How + (adj) How tall is your sister? Very tall. or 160 CM How bad is the weather? Extremely bad. or So bad Who? Who did you go with? My father Who helps you at home? My sister person Whose? Whose car is this? Talal's. or Talal's car The owner of something Why? Why did you go to the mall yesterday? Because I want to buy some clothes. Or To buy some clothes Reason / purpose Which? Which dress did you buy? thing / there is limited choice Which+ (N) Which jacket do you buy? The red one. Or the small one
Unit (2) Present tenses Timeline Verb form Present continuous Be + V ing (Is/are/am) Present simple She, he, it V(add s) You, they, we, I <<< V (infinitive) Example He is reading a book (Now) He reads books (routine or habit) They read books Expressions used Usage Negative Question Now, currently, at the moments, this day, this year, today.. 1- Things that are happening now. She is working at Telford office today 2- Things that are happening for a limited period of time around now. I am studying to English this semester. We add (not ) after the verb be(is/are/am) He is not reading a book Reverse the s+v order into V+s He is reading a book. IS he reading a book" What is he reading? Adverbs of frequency: Always, sometimes, usually, often, never. Expressions refer to specific point of time: on Wednesdays, at nine O'clock, 1- Things that are always true. water boils at 100 C 2- Repeated actions she doesn't go to college on Fridays 3- Verbs that describe thinking and feelings Do you think the amount of traffic will increase? We add (don't / doesn't) before the verb He does not read books Add (do/does) at beginning of the question He reads books. Does he read books What does he read?
Unit 2: (Have\Has )and ( have got\has Got) Have\ Has and have got\ Has got both express possessive. Have (US) American English Formal Writing Have got (UK) British English Informal - Speaking Singular ( He She It Nouns) She has a nice dress She has got a nice dress Negative Use Does not Use Hasn't got She doesn't have a nice She hasn't got a nice dress dress Question Use does Reverse the order of S+V Does she have a nice dress? Has she got a nice dress? Plural ( I You We They I have a nice dress I have got a nice dress Nouns) Negative: Use don't not Use haven't got I don't have a nice dress I haven't got a nice dress Question: Use do Reverse the order of S+V Note Do you have a nice dress? We don't use it in a short form I've X He's X Have you got a nice dress? We can Use the short form I've got He's got Have \ Has (X Not have got \ Has got X) expresses an Activity or habit. I have a shower She has a meeting tomorrow X X In the past tense, Have \ has is more common (X Not have got \ Has got X) I had a shower yesterday Did you have a meeting yesterday? X X
Unit (3) Past tenses Past simple Describing actions that happened and finished in a specific time in the past Past continuous Describing Actions happened in duration in the past several actions happened that Happened at the same time. The context (السياق) helps to decide your focus is the duration of the verb. Some verbs can happen in duration. It depend on your focus of speaking You can say ( I watched - I was watching ) in different contexts based on your focus Sometimes it is not possible to focus on the duration ( fast actions) You can say ( I broke my leg ) but you can't say ( I was breaking my leg) I ate Pizza yesterday I was eating Pizza when my uncle came yesterday. V + ed regular V2 ( the second form) irregular Check the list on page 143 V1 : duration V2 : happened in the background of V1 ( He she it singular nouns) Was + V ing ( You We they I plural Nouns) Were + V ing Past Simple Use didn t in negatives Use did in Questions Statement Negative Question I watched TV yesterday. (reg.) I went to the mall yesterday. (irreg.) I didn't watch TV yesterday. (reg.) I didn't go to the mall yesterday. (irreg.) Did you watch TV yesterday? (Yes/No) Where did you go to the mall yesterday? (WH) Past Continuous Add not on was\were in negatives Reverse the order S+V in Question Statement Negative Question She was watching TV yesterday. (Singular.) They were watching TV yesterday. (Plural.) She wasn't watching TV yesterday. (Singular.) They weren't watching TV yesterday. (Plural.) Was she watching TV yesterday? (Yes/No) What were they doing yesterday? (WH)
Unit 4 Countable \ Uncountable nouns Countable noums Can be formed in both singular and plural Apple/ apples Book/books Pen/pens Shirt/shirts Uncountable Nouns Can only be formed in singular form (no plural). To make it plural we can count it by a measure such as: Kilo Riyal cup liter Cheese\ 2 kilos of cheese Sugar\ 2 bags of sugar Money\ 5 Riyals or 5 Pounds Uncountable nouns Countable nouns only Both of them Uncountable nouns only Many some Much Few Lots of Little A few A lot of A little\ bit of Any (question- negative ) Do you have any pens - I don't have any pens Do you have any milk - I don't have any milk Affirmative of countable + There are lots of apples There are a few apples There are some apples Question of countable? Are there any apples? Negative of countable - There aren't any apples. Affirmative of uncountable + There is some sugar There is a little sugar Question of uncountable? Is there any sugar? Negative of uncountable - There isn't any sugar. English vowels: a e I u o
Unit 4 : Articles page 133 A An نكرة Indefinite ( mentioned for the first time) Singular nouns Starts with ( consonant sound) Singular nouns Starts with (vowel sound) a computer / a pen / a book -an umbrella - an hour ( h litter is silent but the sound is a) معرفة The Definite (mentioned beforeyou already know it one of the kind) ( both singular + plural) nouns -The computer (mentioned again). -The sun (only one of the kind). No article