PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES, 6 (1-2) / 2013 219 LIST OF ABSTRACTS IN ENGLISH METALEPSIS AS A META-REFERENTIAL DEVICE IN PROFESSIONAL ARTISTIC COMMUNICATION Odette ARHIP, Cristian ARHIP Abstract: Our contribution focuses on the trans-medial concept of meta-reference. One of the main metareferential devices is metalepsis which has been transferred from narratology to different other arts becoming a modern way of addressing the diegetic audience. We comment upon ascending, descending, horizontal metalepsis, and their effects in cinematographic art (e.g. Bergman s, Allen s, Haneke s movies). Based on broken aesthetic illusions and diegetic frames, these movies offer wide possibilities to analyze self-reflexive cinematographic devices. If there is a greater level of symbolic, diegetical and dramatic motivation, the device loses its anti-illusionist effect on the audience. The directors found ways to demonstrate that their rebel characters are of a sort of victims of the movies being no longer able to see the difference between reality and fiction, and believing that the world itself responds to a remote control or that everything is rewindable. Keywords: artistic communication, meta-reference, metalepsis, cinematographic art. THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNICATION SCIENCE IN ROMANIA. CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES Delia Cristina BALABAN Abstract: The present paper is an analysis of the development of Communication Science in Romania during the last decades. It starts with a search for a definition for Communication Science and a short history of the research field. One of the main questions to be discussed is whether Communication Science is rather part of social sciences or part of the humanities. Another interesting issue to be discussed is that of the challenges and perspectives regarding the future of Communication Science in Romania. Keywords: communication science, professionalization, social science, humanities NON-ARGUMENTATIVE RHETORIC: ASPECTS OF ZEN RHETORIC Cosmin Constantin BĂIAŞ Abstract: This work aims to investigate on a meta-theoretical level the conceptual framework of rhetoric. Two spheres can be distinguished: the argumentative or persuasive rhetoric and the non-argumentative or non-persuasive rhetoric. Tracing the contemporary theoretical trends in the rhetoric field, we propose an alternative version of conceptualization. Using both the feminist invitational rhetoric and the comparative rhetoric, we propose an integrative synthesis. The alternative is found in the Buddhists texts and practices. Among the non-argumentative aspects of language we mention: negation, contradiction, silence, the story or the paradox. We believe that these elements of our daily life are worth emphasized and encompassed in an integrative perspective. It is possible not to evaluate. Keywords: feminist rhetoric, comparative rhetoric, Zen rhetoric, non-argumentative, non-persuasive. THE RECITS OF SPECIAL K ADVERTISING: AN APPROCH OF SYMBOLIC FORMS Aurora BURCA Abstract: In this paper, we propose to provide answers to the following question: what are the traces of contemporary myths and symbols in advertising for Special K products? Using as a methodological approach the philosophy of symbolic forms received in information sciences and communication by S. Bratosin and the hermeneutic semiotic analysis, this proposal attempts to decipher the meaning of these advertisings that insofar as this sense is part of the general plan of a practical situation who have already a signification, a sense resulting from the practice of a context that already has a meaning: the contemporary myths and the symbols. Our main objective will be, to identify the various modes of expression of symbolic forms (the contemporary myths, the symbolic images, etc.). Our corpus consists of the advertising campaigns for the Kellogg's Special K products in Australia and France in particular the commercials available on the Internet. The expected results will be to collect a sufficient number of traces of myths and symbols using the comparative analysis to show their inevitable entry in the symbolic form of each culture Keywords: myth, communication, advertising, hermeneutic, Special K, symbol, culture.
220 PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES, 6 (1-2) / 2013 ORAL EXPRESSION SUBJECT OR WAY OF LEARNING Laura CHIRIAC Abstract: This paper tries to give a few ways of reflection which, we hope, could better define the practice of oral expression in the classroom. It is right that the regular and frequent practice of oral expression forms a determinant factor in the development of language competences at oral expression, but that is not enough. The teaching of oral expression must help the students to construct their knowledge on the matter of oral expression, concerning the cleverness of communication and also, the language ability, thanks to a guided reflection of their practice, in a perspective of integration of the reading and writing. Keywords: Oral expression, language competences, communication competences, student TECHNOLOGY & MEDIA: APPLICATIONS IN LANGUAGE CLASSROOMS (TEFL, TESL & TESOL) Sebastian CHIRIMBU, Dara TAFAZOLI Abstract: Today, our life is deeply immersed in web-based technologies. Digital media have dramatically affected almost every aspect of human life. The field of education has been slower to integrate new technologies than many other fields of endeavor, but that is now changing. The role of digital media in language and learning is especially important, given how new technologies are transforming reading, writing, and communication. For many language learners around the world, new digital environments represent not only a useful means for learning language, but also the main medium in which they will actual use their second language in everyday life. Teachers and educators use web-based technologies in their classrooms to enhance their teaching and students learning. Language-related field of studies such as TEFL, TESL and TESOL are connected to these technology-based platforms. We can assume many benefits to technologybased teaching and learning, but research shows that psychological aspects are much more dominant than others are. Keywords: Technology, language classrooms, web-based technologies, Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL), media RHETORICAL SITUATION AS BEDROCK OF CRISIS COMMUNICATION STRATEGY Daniel CIUREL Abstract: Kairos and stasis, two vital concepts employed to account for the rhetorical situation, are still valued and valuable in today communication contexts. As starting points of (corporate) discourse, the two terms prove to be particularly relevant. Both kairos and stasis point to the situatedness of the corporate discourse, since crisis always happens in a specific situation. Stasis and kairos do not perform separately, they function inter-dependently. Stasis focuses on logos, while kairos concentrates on ethos and pathos. They set rigor and let PR practitioners know at any moment where they are in solving a crisis, what questions to ask and how to act further in managing crisis communication. Key words: stasis; kairos; rhetorical situation; crisis management; crisis communication WHY SHOULD FUTURE TRANSLATOR KNOW HOW TO WRITE A GOOD ABSTRACT? Marion COHEN-VIDA Abstract Writing an abstract in a foreign language is a very complex process which involves the understanding of the source text, the penetration into the thinking of another person, the ability to differentiate the essential elements from the secondary ones and to re-express the source text in a personal way, getting a text with the same characteristics as those of the original one. We intend to present in this article the advantages of this type of exercise in the professional development of future translators (first year students), the methods that we use during the written expression seminar. We believe that this exercise is very beneficial to their training as future translators. Key-words written expression, abstract, text contraction, fidelity, language skills, exercise of intelligence, general knowledge, translation INTERCULTURAL MANAGEMENT WITHIN THE EUROPEAN UNION CONTEXT Elena Claudia CONSTANTIN Abstract: The article focuses on the importance of intercultural management in a European society characterised by cultural diversity. Even if the cultural diversity constitutes a positive element for Europe, our historical period is still marked by interethnic conflicts and identity crises. The cultural identity could become a central problem and there are not too many ways to solve it: dialogue or confrontation. Any EU communication act, which is not in accordance with the culture of the group the individuals belong to, can
PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES, 6 (1-2) / 2013 221 lead to a change of attitude towards EU. European Union should improve its policy regarding intercultural communication and management. Keywords: interculturality, cultural diversity, cultural identity, intercultural management, European Union, rural population, traditions A NEVER-ENDING STORY: SPECIALIZED VOCABULARY, INTERFERENCE AND INTERCULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS Lora CONSTANTINESCU Abstract: Misleading FL-equivalents, misunderstandings, often failures too, but at the same time regional/local specificity, they all accompany the learners on their path to the communication performance in the target language German. As a reflex of today's principle of multilingualism, the present paper attempts at pointing out lexical understanding and communication difficulties in German as a LSP. The starting point is a comprehensive (inter- and intra-language) concept of interference in the analysis of deviating and potentially communication disturbing language production of Romanian learners of German as a FL/LSP: the focus lies mainly on lexical-semantic aspects, but examples of cross-cultural and intercultural value are presented as well, as they belong to the Macro- and Micro-Economics or the business field. The research is based on the author s experience of teaching of German to Romanian students of Economics. Key-words: interference, LSP, negotiation of meaning, false friends, intercultural specificity CLASSIC VISION AND MODERN METHODOLOGY IN MANUFACTURING OF DICTIONARIES Simona CONSTANTINOVICI Abstract: Our paper investigated the evolution of poetic lexicography in Europe. We will discuss the case of some famous dictionaries. In Italy, an intellectual like Giuseppe Savoca managed to build a real school of linguistics through his volumes of poetic lexicography. In our country, Tudor Vianu succeeded a unique performance nearly five decades ago, without any electronic support, by using only data carefully collected by researchers from Bucharest. However, in the following years, only Dumitru Irimia and Marian Papahagi were able to foresee the extraordinary opening that Romanian poetic lexicography could provide to all kind of researchers studying literary texts. Key words: dictionary, lexicography, corpus, informatics, concordance. MARK TWAIN AND TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY WRITERS ABOUT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Stephen CRABBE Abstract: Mark Twain is still widely known for his novels The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884), but no longer for his writing about science and technology. Yet, Twain s interest in science and technology, and particularly scientific and technological innovation, was woven into much of his fictional and non-fictional writing throughout his life. Furthermore, not only was Twain an enthusiastic advocate of science and technology, but he was also an enthusiastic advocate of clarity, consistency and conciseness in writing and his writing advice remains timely and relevant to modern writers about science and technology. This paper brings together some of this writing advice and shows its continuing relevance and importance to scientific and technical writers in the twenty-first century. Keywords: Mark Twain; twenty-first century writers about science and technology; clear, consistent and concise writing CULTURAL COMPETENCE, A CONDITION FOR SECOND-LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY Virginia Mihaela DUMITRESCU Abstract: The present paper, based on the author s experience of teaching English to students of economics, sets out to verify the conclusions reached by linguistic anthropologists over the last decades about the relationship between linguistic and cultural competence. It identifies the main cultural characteristics of the UK and the US, as well as their various linguistic consequences, in an attempt to demonstrate that developing the four traditional language skills is not quite enough for effective intercultural communication in English, and that the one element that should be implicit to language learning is culture, or the culture-specific way of using language. Keywords: Languaculture, cultural distance, language proficiency, effective communication.
222 PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES, 6 (1-2) / 2013 PUBLIC DISCOURSE AND PUBLIC COMMUNICATION. ELEMENTS FROM A PATHOLOGY OF PUBLIC COMMUNICATION AT THE LEVEL OF POLITICAL DISCOURSE Lia Lucia EPURE, Adrian PACURAR Abstract: This study follows some of the essential coordinates of the public communication deontology and of the professional communication within the public space and it underlines, by contrast, the slippages from the requirements of an authentic and professional public communication, evident in instances of Romanian contemporary political discourse. All of the case studies are based on analysis from the perspective of professional standards in communication and public relations. The final accent is laid upon the necessity of professionalizing the public discourse of the politicians alongside with concrete proposals regarding such a process. Keywords: Public Communication, Political Discourse, Professional Communication, Public Discourse. THE ROLE OF TRANSLATION DIARIES IN THE ACQUISITION OF THEORETICAL TRANSLATION CONCEPTS AT THE BEGINNER LEVEL Borislava ERAKOVIĆ Abstract: The paper gives an overview of translation problems as described in unstructured diaries by 16 3 rd year students of English Language and Literature in order to show how this form of exercise in argumentation influences the development of students understanding of translation problem, strategy and procedure. Qualitative analysis of entries in students diaries shows that although they could correctly name the translation procedure they were applying, few could explain what constituted a translation problem and what the reasons were for applying one procedure and not another. This study confirms that diaries help students translate in a more reflective way and are a useful tool in aiding independent learning. Additionally, it is also shown that diaries can be more effective in the first year of translator training if they contain questions which pinpoint certain problems in the text and limit the range of problems students need to describe. Keywords: translation diary, translation problem, translation strategy and procedure PHRASEOLOGICAL ANTONYMY IN ROMANIAN. THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS Daniela GHELTOFAN Abstract: In this paper we intend to draw attention upon phraseological antonymy, by highlighting some theoretical and practical issues, particularly since the idea of the occurrence of the phenomenon of antonymy in phraseology was initially rejected; consequently, there are few studies which cover this type of antonymy. The research of the antonymic relationships at the level of the phraseological units was conducted on the basis of semantic, structural, stylistic and functional principles, which has allowed to come up with a typology of phraseological antonyms. At the same time, according to the latest trends in linguistics, in the present analysis I have also looked at extra-linguistic aspects (logical, psychological, cognitive, cultural etc). My research reveals that the antonymic opposition in phraseology is not to be overlooked, but, on the contrary, that a lexicographic database of phraseological antonyms becomes a necessity. Keywords: phraseological units, phraseological antonymy, typology, inter-phraseological antonyms, intraphraseological antonyms TOWARDS A LEARNER-CENTRED APPROACH TO TEACHING ENGLISH Alexandra GAVRILA-JIC Abstract: The aim of the paper is to discuss the importance of embracing a learner-centred approach when teaching English to students at non-philological faculties. The paper will start from clarifying some theoretical aspects: What does learner-centred mean? Why is it important and why is it important especially for nonphilological faculties? Then the paper moves on to examine some of the practical issues, emphasizing the importance of creating, adapting and tailoring teaching techniques and materials so as to help students develop those language skills needed in a business environment, i.e.in their future careers. In addition, the paper will deal with some of the problems that might occur when adopting a learner-centred attitude and will suggest some ideas that may enable teachers to become more learner-centred. The paper will mainly draw on (but not be limited to) Maryellen Weimer s (2002) description of five practice areas to work on in order to achieve learner-centred teaching: the function of content, the role of the teacher, the responsibility for learning, the processes and purposes of evaluation and the balance of power. Keywords: learner-centred, content, evaluation, power, role, autonomy
PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES, 6 (1-2) / 2013 223 HOW MUCH THEORY DOES THE TRANSLATION EDUCATION TOLERATE AND NEED? Vlasta KUČIŠ Abstract: Translation is a complex transcultural activity, in which knowledge and action are closely connected. If one observes translation as a professional activity (trade) which is realized on the basis of a contract and has the function of establishing constructive border-crossing communication, this raises the question of how much theory an academically educated translator requires to successfully participate in the multi-language and multi-culture market. The EU defines translators as experts for multilingual and multimedia communication. Apart from linguistic competencies, this sort of communication requires professional competency, intercultural competency, technical competency, as well as research and service competencies in order to measure up to the requirements of the knowledge-based society. The following thesis analyzes current trends on the turbulent market for translators and draws attention to the gap between science and practice. In practice, professional translation is often not done in a sufficiently competent manner. In theoretic explanation, the translation theory concepts and models are rarely related to the problems in the translators' professional practice. This begs the question of the optimum balance between theory and practice in the current university translation education. Key words: translation, theory, practice, translation competency, multilingual communication NEW MEDIA AND THE CHANGES IN THE COMMUNICATION PARADIGM Nicolae MELINESCU Abstract: The emergence of the new digital platforms, a diversified number of approaches and providers cannot damage too much a rather crowded info sphere. What may come as a general challenge is the performance amateurs who have the devices, the will but not the skills to become reliable communicators. Good training and an expanded concern for the accuracy of messages should distinguish between fact and fiction and between information and opinion. The smart phone, the ipod, the lap top or the tablet have expanded the means of communication. They have also diversified the types of messages circulated. The traditional main stream media outlets are facing a mounting competition from the social networks populated with the folk journalists, albeit, non-professionals. Basic training of all those willing to come into the communication ring and regulations that may concern not only the professionals but also the amateurs, may be ways to get over what seems to be a deadlock. Key words: produsers, communication, digital platforms, folk journalism THE REEVALUATION OF THE SOCIAL DISTANCE INTO THE COMPUTER MEDIATED SPACE Delia Ioana NADOLU, Bogdan NADOLU Abstract: Into the virtual communities developed inside of the Internet the social interactions are based on the simulation of the spatial proximity. The social distances between users have different significations mostly generated by the lack of power resources. In this paper we analyse how the social distance is reevaluated in the case of participants to the communication flux from the Facebook page of a student group monitored for a period of six months. Keywords: social distance, CMC, virtual interactions, Facebook COMMUNICATION TO THE PUBLIC AND COPYRIGHT IN THE INFORMATION SOCIETY Dalia PETCU, Vasile GHERHEŞ Abstract: This article proposes an analysis of the definitions and the interpretations of the concept of communication to the public in the Romanian legislation and the European jurisprudence. In particular, it presents and analyzes the Preliminary Ruling of the Court of Justice of the European Union in Luxembourg on the interpretation of the Article 3, par. (1) of Directive 2001/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2001 on the harmonization of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society. Keywords: communication to the public, copyright, intellectual property rights, information society. SCIENCE PR STRATEGIES FOR COMMUNICATING ASTRONOMY: THE CASE OF ESA AND HUBBLE 15 TH ANNIVERSARY PROJECT Mircea SAVA Abstract: By implementing Hubble 15 th Anniversary project (2005), the European Space Agency (ESA) follows the new realities of Public Relations and science communication which apply to research institutes concerned with astronomy. The mix between the principles of popular culture and the Public Understanding of Science (PUS) movement represents the theoretical foundation of an active and efficient communication
224 PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES, 6 (1-2) / 2013 strategy, intended for the promotion of a positive attitude among the public towards the opportunities of scientific research. By using all the means offered by popular culture, Hubble 15 th Anniversary project suggested a range of cultural products and events (Hubble Days events, DVDs, Hubble-themed gadgets etc.) which combined information with entertainment and which managed to materialize a science PR strategy based on the realities of popular culture. Keywords: science communication, public relations, popular culture, popularization of astronomy TOURISM AND TECHNOLOGY: A MULTIMODAL ANALYSIS OF ONLINE HERITAGE PROMOTION Claudia Elena STOIAN Abstract: The present paper presents a multimodal contrastive analysis of the way different countries, such as United Kingdom, Spain and Romania, officially promote themselves world wide by using technology. The aim is to describe and compare, following Halliday and Matthiessen's (2004) and Kress and van Leeuween's (2006) models, the way official websites use images and language to compose virtual brochures that present national heritage sites. The results are discussed from a cultural perspective considering Hall's dimension of context dependency (2000). Keywords: Culture, Internet, Multimodal Analysis, Technology, Tourism. THE ETHICS AND LEGISLATION OF COMMUNICATION IN THE ROMANIAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Sorin SUCIU, Vasile GHERHEȘ, Ciprian OBRAD Abstract: The public administration communication is a type of mass communication which involves the dissemination of public information to citizens and the receiving of an efficient feedback in the form of an active participation in decision-making processes that concerns that community. Citizens not only have access to information concerning drafted legislation to be debated by central and local public administrative bodies, but they are also invited to participate to the administrative decisions, getting actively involved in the process. Our paper aims to analyze how the communication of public administration is regulated by Romanian law and which difficulties occur on putting into practice legal provisions. We argue that the distance between the letter of the law and its spirit must be covered by the ethic liability of participants in the communication between public servants and citizens. Keywords: Transparency, communication, openness, public authorities, responsibility. USE OF COMPARABLE CORPUS IN TEACHING TRANSLATION Mihaela VISKY Abstract: Comparable corpora are at the basis of computer-aided translation, contrastive analysis, lexicography, etc., but they are used more and more in teaching translation. The exercises are meant to improve the understanding of the source texts and to reformulate them in the target language, with special regard to the use of terms and of language-specific expressions. We believe that the use of comparable corpora in translation class is an introduction to the workplace and an important step in the future translators training. Keywords: teaching translation, comparable corpora, translation competence, proficiency training, translation task