Trends and Technology Of Radio Monitoring In Korea Sang-Tae Kim, Seong-Yun Lee Radio Technology Research Department 1
Contents I Trends of Radio Monitoring II Design Concepts of Radio Monitoring System III Fixed Monitoring System IV Mobile Monitoring System V Conclusions 2
I. Trends of Radio Monitoring 3 3
Radio Spectrum Environment Various Radio Application Various Radio Application & Generalization Convergence between mobile and broadcasting technology DMB Telematics WIibro New Radio Services USN Home Net. RFID Complicated Radio Environment 4
Radio Spectrum Environment New Radio Technologies Digital Broadband multimedia & Higher Frequency technology Low Power density & wideband SDR based technology AM(9KHz) VHF-TV FM(200 KHz) VHF-TV 100 MHz FM(200 KHz) AM(9KHz) VHF-TV 200 MHz 300 MHz CELLULAR(1.25MHz) 0.25 GHz 0.5 GHz 0.75 GHz 1 GHz S-DMB(25MHz) PCS(1.25MHz) 4G(3.4~3.6G) WLAN (20 MHz) T-DMB(12MHz) WiBro(9MHz) UWB (3.1G~4.8G) WCDMA(5MHz) UWB (7.2G~10.2G) 1 GHz 2 GHz 3 GHz 4 GHz 5 GHz 7.5 GHz 10 GHz Digital Wideband 5
Radio Spectrum Environment New radio technology: Broadband & Small power Convergence between mobile and broadcasting technology Satellite DMB, Terrestrial DMB, DVB-H, MediaFLO Digital Broadband Technology WiBro(9 MHz), DTV(6 MHz), 3G mobile(5 MHz) Low power density & wideband Technology UWB(more than 500 MHz) Frequency band of radio equipment Use higher frequency Satellite DMB(2.6 GHz), WiBro(2.3 GHz), WLAN(2.4/5 GHz) Mobility Mobile communication Telematics Services 6
Direction of Radio Monitoring Spectrum measurement of new radio services Wideband spectrum measurement Mobile communications & small power Frequency Coverage Strategies of Efficient Monitoring System fixed monitoring system : General purpose spectrum measure mobile monitoring system : Effective for high freq./small power Spectrum Management Analysis of measurement DB Usage/License information Mobile Monitoring mobile proximity measure short term/interference dissolve Efficiency Fixed Monitoring Superior Monitoring Environment Targeting for high power signal 7
II. Design Concepts of Radio Monitoring 8 8
Radio Monitoring Operation Radio Monitoring Illegal Radio Signal Receiving Signal Measurement Judgments of regal or illegal Operation Form Fixed Monitoring : High Power Mobile Monitoring : interference free Operation Contents Illegal Signal searching Illegal signal positioning/dissolution Spectrum environment measure Fixed Monitoring Mobile Monitoring 9
Design Concepts Expansion of measuring Radio frequency Measurement frequency (20MHz ~ 3GHz) Measurements for Radio management Regional Radio spectrum Measurement Frequency usage measurement Wideband measurement (IMT-2000, DTV etc.) Data for frequency assignment and withdrawal Intelligent Radio Monitoring Automatic & Intelligent Radio Monitoring Visual spectrum monitoring Expansion of DF function for fixed & mobile Intelligent Measurement Analysis Application of New IT techniques Wideband Digital signal Processing (SDR basis) Wireless data network for mobile monitoring (measurement control & access to license DB) Data storage with digital compressed format (Measured spectrum & Audio) ::: ETRI, The Future Wave ::: 10 Radio Technology Research Department 10
System Configuration Mobile monitoring/ spectrum management system Regional & terminal station Fixed Monitoring system Measurement command measurement DB GIS DB Wireless Network Measurement result Measurement DB GIS DB measurement result IRMS DF system License data Command & control Measurement result KCC License station DB Illegal station DB Measurement DB GIS DB monitoring result statistical data Command and control Central Station & Information service center KCC : Korea Communications Commission ::: ETRI, The Future Wave ::: 11 Radio Technology Research Department 11
Networking of Monitoring Systems [Remote station] [Regional Office] Main Server Operating PC [Central Office] Main Server Command & Control Antenna IRMS Router PBX Firewall National 초고속국가망 Dedicated (ATM) Network [Branch Office] [Information Service Center] PBX Operating PC Radio management server Propagation Radio station Analysis server server System is Operated by IP method using National Dedicated Network ::: ETRI, The Future Wave ::: 12 Radio Technology Research Department 12
III. Fixed Monitoring System 13 13
Key Features of fixed monitoring System Frequency Range : 20 MHz ~3 GHz Measurable Signal bandwidth : max 10 MHz Measurement : dbm, dbuv, dbuv/m, uv/m Diverse antennas: Directional & Omni-directional Rotator for Directional antenna (1~10 rpm variable) Analysis of measurement data by statistics ti ti tool and graphical representation of the results Spectrum Display of unlicensed and licensed band Real-time scan for illegal radio station Measurement of channel / band occupancy and spectrum usage networks: connected via dedicated networks 14
Key Features of Fixed DF System Frequency range : 20 MHz~3 GHz Accuracy of DF: 1~2 deg RMS error in LOS condition DF Algorithm: MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification) Real-time location of illegal radio station In cooperation with Fixed Monitoring System Remote control support All DF system can be controlled at control & command center DF system at neighbor site is operated together to locate radio station 15
System Architecture Subsystem antenna, receiver (measuring, monitoring), IF signal processing, system control SDR oriented design high band antenna omni antenna low band RF pre high band amp measuring receiver RF tuner ADC DDC/DSP 측정수신부 RF tuner ADC DDC/DSP IF signal processing system control directional antenna low band monitoring receiver monitoring receiver audio compression antenna rotator 16
Radio Monitoring system at CRMO, Daejeon Monitoring Antennas Monitoring system Directional Antenna Directional Antenna/ Antenna Rotator RF Front-End 17
Fixed DF system at CRMO, Daejeon DF antenna DF system DF server DF client 18
Handoff Illegal radio Operator computer Frequency band spectrum display Search frequency band channel/band occupancy Intelligent Radio Measurement System Freq : 20 MHz~3.0 GHz IF BW : 10 MHz IF signal processing System control Illegal radio signal hand-off Automatic : threshold level Manual : user selection signal parameter measure, audio monitoring, channel spectrum display Sweeping for selected channels to measure parameter, display spectrum, and demodulate Simultaneous radio monitoring of two different freq bands Simultaneous measurement and demodulationd of two different channels 19
Flexible Antenna Selection Independent antenna output feeding to all receivers Multiple l mode of RF front-end low distortion low noise high power signal suppression High speed rotation ti of directional antenna 20
Radio Signal Measurements High-speed spectrum measurement parameter measurement carrier frequency offset FM frequency deviation occupied bandwidth signal level spurious measurement spectrum mask channel power adjacent channel power ratio hand-off for illegal radio detection 21
Unlicensed Radio Detection High-speed search and hand-off of illegal radio station channel search band search Automatic detection of illegal radio station by comparison with assigned frequency Audio monitoring and storage of illegal radio station Illegal radio detection, and signal handoff for location and measurement 22
Occupancy Measurement of Spectrum occupancy measurements channel occupancy band occupancy multiple threshold level occupancy database query by various measurement condition : time, day, month, multiple threshold statistics report and spectrum display 23
DF Results Display DF Operating Mode single channel DF multiple l channel DF with channel scan Map display using GIS with 20 layers Zoom in and out of map display Storage and retrieval of DF command and results Statistical processing and graphical plot of DF results 24
V. Mobile Monitoring System 25 25
Features of Mobile Monitoring System Multi-functional radio monitoring Direction finding & signal measurement Compliant with ITU recommendations Antenna structure minimizing the radio interference Design techniques minimizing i i i mutual coupling Adoption of adjustable non-metallic antenna mast Adoption of high h capacity battery & Precise position information Comfortable operating environment without noises Adoption of DGPS & GPS Compass Wireless networked system Remotely controlled by fixed & mobile stations Homing operation & geolocation 26
Configuration of Mobile Monitoring System Specifications Frequency range : 20 ~ 3000 MHz IF bandwidth :10MHz DF accuracy : 1.5 rms Sensitivity : -110 dbm (@12dB SNR,CW) Mast height : 5 m Battery capacity : 8 hr 27
Operation of Mobile Monitoring System Operation mode Fixed frequency mode Memory & frequency scan mode Wideband detection mode DF homing and geolocation DF polar & geographic map display Signal measurement Spectrum measurement Bandwidth measurement Spectrum occupancy measurement Illegal frequency detection 28
Configuration of Mobile Monitoring System Configurations Low profile DF array antenna Array front-end unit Multi-channel RF receiver Signal processing unit & control unit DGPS, GPS compass, etc. 29
VI. Conclusions 30 30
Conclusions Designed various radio system with wideband measurement and software functions will be used as an infrastructure of IT Korea Keep Radio environment as interference-free as possible by removing illegal l radio stations ti and some intentional ti interference sources Measure the spectrum use and make the spectrum map for efficient use of spectrum Store the measurements at common DB to apply the measurement results to spectrum policy in Korea 31