Period 2008-2012 European Environment Agency European Topic Centre on Biological Diversity Gallinago media Western Siberia & NE Europe/South-east Africa Annex I International action plan Yes SAP Great Snipe, Gallinago media, is a species of wader found in wetland ecosystems. Gallinago media has a breeding population size of 2300-3700 calling males and a breeding range size of 59500 square kilometres in the EU27. The breeding population trend in the EU27 is Decreasing in the short and Decreasing in the long. The EU population status of Gallinago media was assessed as Threatened, as the species meets one or more of the IUCN Red List criteria for threatened at the EU27 scale. This factsheet was produced for Gallinago media [Western Siberia & NE Europe/South-east Africa] population. Also other subspecies/populations of the same species occur within the EU27. The assessment of status at the European level and the introductory text were done at the species level in line with the criteria for assessment of the EU population status. Page 1
Assessment of status at the European level Breeding population size Breeding population trend Range area Breeding range trend Winter population size Winter population trend Population status 2300-3700 cmales - - 59500 Threatened See the endnotes for more information i The population status assessment at the EU level was carried out at the species level. The EU status assessment covers following subspecies/populations: Gallinago media [Scandinavia/probably West Africa], Gallinago media [Western Siberia & NE Europe/South-east Africa] (each of them presented in a separate factsheet). The EU trends were assessed at the species or subspecies level following BirdLife International's current taxonomy. The EU trends assessment covers more former subspecies or populations: Gallinago media [Scandinavia/probably West Africa], Gallinago media [Western Siberia & NE Europe/South-east Africa] (each of them presented in a separate factsheet). Page 2
Page 3
Trends at the Member State level MS/Ter. % in EU27 Breeding population size Breeding population trend Range area Breeding range trend EE 28.2 450-550 cmales 0-13700 0 - FI 11.8 2-17 cmales + 2600 x + LT 8.2 100-150 cmales - - 1400 0 0 LV 12.7 200-300 cmales 0 + 3467 - x PL 39.1 300-350 cmales - - 13000 x x Winter population size Winter population trend See the endnotes for more information ii Page 4
Page 5
- winter population trend was not reported for this species. Main pressures and threats reported by Member States For the bird species triggering SPA classification Member States were asked to report the 20 most important pressures and threats using an agreed hierarchical list which can be found on the Article 12 Reference Portal ( http://bd.eionet.europa.eu/activities/reporting/article_12/reference_portal ). Pressures are activities which are currently having an impact on the species and threats are activities expected to have an impact in the near future. The table below only contains information from Member States, where a species triggers SPA classification. Pressures and threats were ranked in three classes high, medium and low importance, the table below only shows pressures and threats classed as high, for some species there were less than ten pressures and threats reported as highly important. Ten most frequently reported highly important pressures and threats Code Activity Frequency A03 Mowing or cutting grasslands 38 J02 Changes in water bodies conditions 23 A02 Modification of cultivation practices 15 B01 Afforestation 8 F05 Illegal taking of marine fauna 8 K02 Vegetation succession/biocenotic evolution 8 Proportion of population covered by the Natura 2000 network For the bird species triggering SPA classification Member States were asked to report the size of a species population occurring within the Natura 2000 network. The percentage of species population covered by the network was estimated by comparing the population size within the network and the total population size. Percentage of coverage by Natura 2000 sites MS/territory season SPA trigger % coverage EE breeding YES 69.63 FI breeding YES 17.15 LT breeding YES 10.95 LV breeding YES 96.61 PL breeding YES 100 See the endnotes for more information iii Most frequently reported conservation measures Page 6
For the bird species triggering SPA classification Member States were asked to report up to 20 conservation measures being implemented for this species using an agreed list which can be found on the Article 12 Reference Portal. Member States were further requested to highlight up to five most important ( highly important ) measures; the table below only shows measures classed as high, for many species there were less than ten measures reported as highly important. Ten most frequently reported highly important conservation measures Code Measure Frequency 2.1 Maintaining grasslands and other open habitats 43 4.2 Restoring/improving the hydrological regime 14 6.1 Establish protected areas/sites 14 6.4 Manage landscape features 14 7.1 Regulation/ Management of hunting and taking 14 This information is derived from the Member State national reports submitted to the European Commission under Article 12 of the Birds Directive in 2013 and covering the period 2008-2012. More detailed information, including the MS reports, is available at: http://bd.eionet.europa.eu/article12/summary?period=1&subject=a154-b. Page 7
i Assessment of status at the European level: The EU assessments of birds population status was made by the European Red List of Birds Consortium (under contract with the European Commission) The EU27 population trends were assessed using these categories: + Increasing, 0 Stable, F Fluctuating, - Decreasing, xu Uncertain and x Unknown. The breeding population size is estimated in majority of the cases as p number of pairs. Alternative population units used are: males number of males, i number of individuals, cmales number of calling males and bfem number of breeding females. The winter population size is estimated as number of individuals. ii Species trends at the Member State level: The percentage of the EU27 species population occurring in the Member States (% in EU27) is calculated based on the population size reported by the Member States. iii Percentage of coverage by Natura 2000 sites: In some cases the population size within the Natura 2000 network has been estimated using a different methodology to the estimate of overall population size and this can lead to percentage covers greater than 100%. In such case the value has been given as 100% and highlighted with an asterisk (*). The value x indicates that the Member State has not reported the species population and/or the coverage by Natura 2000. No information is available for Greece and for non-annex I species in the Czech Republic. Page 8