Volume 119 No. 15 2018, 737-741 ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/ http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/ HOME AUTOMATION A Prototype to control home appliances automatically A.Selvapandian 1, S.Bharath 2, R.Balakumaresan 3 1,2,3 Assistant Professor, Electronics, and Communication Engineering, PSNA College of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul, India. selva6040@gmail.com 1, bharath.psna@gmail.com 2,rbalakumaresan@gmail.com 3 Abstract--- The intention of this paper is to automate everything in our home. The proposed methodology deals with the method to automate all electronic devices at our home. The existing system allows us to control home appliances manually. This becomes complex when the person is physically disabled. So, to overcome this, certain sensors are used which automatically controls lights based on certain conditions. Also using a Bluetooth based mobile application, all other home appliances can be controlled. Keywords: Arduino, Android, Bluetooth module, RTC, Float sensor, LDR, benefit is that some lightning are done automatically even without the help of mobile application. II. EXISTING SYSTEM The existing system is that all home appliances are controlled individually and manually. Some big apartments and hotels involve automatic lightning in certain places using PIR sensors. But this will not be completely helpful. So, our system helps in controlling all home appliances automatically using a simple and user friendly mobile application. I.INTRODUCTION This era is all about science and technology. Controlling lights and other electronic appliances is the biggest issue when it comes to physically disabled people and professionals. this can be achieved with our prototype. Our prototype helps in controlling all home appliances automatically using a Bluetooth based mobile application and some sensors. The use of such systems is that whenever we forget to switch OFF our appliances, it can be done using the mobile app. The additional Fig1: Existing system 737
V. PROPOSED SYSTEM III. LITERATURE SURVEY In current situation, home automation is developed using many technologies like IoT. 1] Sensor based Home Automation and Security system: This literature tells how to control the home appliances using sensors. The microprocessor interacts with external devices like PIR sensor, Float sensor, LDR etc, depending upon present conditions. 2] Android Based Home Automation: This literature tells about controlling the home appliances using both web page and mobile application. So that it covers wide range. 3] Prof. R.S. Suryavanshi: discussed a approach in which a model of Home Automation System Using Android and wifi technology, which really offers easy and really much awaited Home Automation Systems (HAS). IV.ARDUINO Arduino is open source platform. It is based on easy-touse hardware and software. Arduino boards can read inputs from external devices and turn it into an output. By using arduino ide and arduino programming language we can send instructions to the microcontroller on the board and tell what the board should do. It runs on Windows, Linux, and Mac. It is used to build low cost scientific experiments and it is easy to use for beginners and flexible for advanced users. The advantages of using arduino are Low cost, easy to use, cross platform, open source and extensible software and extensible hardware. Arduino UNO is microcontroller based on ATMEGA 328p. It has 14 digital input/output pins, 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHZ crystal and a reset button. fig3: Block diagram for our module. In our module we use Arduino UNO as the microcontroller. PIR (Passive Infrared Sensor) sensor is used to automate the staircase lights and night lamps. The PIR sensor detects the motion and sends the signal to arduino. If the motion is detected the lights will be turned on for some time. A RTC (Real Time Clock) module is used to turn the balcony lights on a particular time during evening and turn it off during night. A LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) is used to turn on and off the street lights automatically. If there is no external light the lights will be turned on and if there is sufficient light from the sun the lights will be turned off automatically. A proximity sensor is used to automate the doorbell. If anyone comes closer to our door the doorbell rings automatically. Fig4: IR based Door Bell connection without microcontroller A float sensor is used to control the overflow of water in the tank. The float sensor is placed at a threshold point in the tank. If the water reaches the threshold level, the motor turns off automatically. Fig2: Arduino UNO The home appliances are controlled using a Android app. The devices are connected to HC-05 and esp-8266. The android app is connected with these modules. 738
A Bluetooth controlled RC car with attached mini dc fan is used to clean the floors. We can sit and control the Remote car; I will automatically collects the small dust particles. Fig5: Block diagram of RC vacuum cleaner. A.USB Module: VI. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: In USB module, one USB port is available. It does not need any additional coding to operate. The USB ports functions similar to a normal PC port. So, we can transfer serial data between the pc and board using this port. B. Bluetooth Module: HC-05 Bluetooth module is connected to the arduino externally, since it does not have an inbuilt Bluetooth module. C: Crystal Oscillator: B. Android Studio: Android studio is used to develop Android applications. It is easy to use and open source. The layout parts can be drawn just by dragging the icons instead of coding it. Java Programming is used to develop the logic for the applications. XML language is used to specify the color, style, layouts etc. A crystal oscillator is a electronic oscillator circuit that uses the mechanical resonance of a piezo electric material to create a electrical signal of a precise frequency. It is inbuilt in the arduino board. A. Arduino IDE: VII. SOFTWARE REQUIRED: It is an open source software used with the arduino board. This is used to write programs and upload it to the board. This IDE can be used in Windows, Linux and mac operating systems. The programming is very much similar to c programming. After writing the code in the Arduino IDE, it is uploaded to the board using a cable that connects the board and the computer. We need to set the correct port and should choose the correct board that we are using to upload the code. X. FUTURE EXPANSION: When our module connects with cloud we can store the output for future use and it can be operated from anywhere. For irrigation purpose, moisture sensor can be used to automatically control plant watering. XI. ADVANTAGES It is convenient for both old people and physically challenged people. 739
All electronic devices can be controlled by motion sensor, Bluetooth and wifi module therefore it requires less manual power. Vacuum cleaner is portable, small size and can be controlled using app and is truly cheap for residential and personal use. Reduce the electricity usage. XII. APPLICATION Street light can be easily controlled using LDR.So there is no need for manual power to operate. Door bell is more efficient because it has dual purpose. One is it automatically rings the buzzer when person came and another purpose is, it gives security alarm in untimed. Excess flow of water can be avoided using float sensor. So it automatically off the motor when it is above the threshold level. Similarly it on the motor when it is below the threshold level. Vacuum cleaner model controlled via Bluetooth and easy to handle. XIII. CONCLUSION Even though we have a sufficient technology and advancement in products people preferring the old techniques. Main reason for this is cost of the product is costlier than their economic status. So we construct this module with lower cost than others. Our module reduces the effort for anyone who is physically challenged, old people and people busy with their work. The complete module can be controlled through Bluetooth and sensor. Users will easily control the module through mobile applications. This idea can also be used in home, apartments, hospital and office. This will be a low cost, user friendly system. [4] A Review of Home Automation and Security Using Arduino, Bluetooth and GSM Technology by Prof. R. B. Pandhare, faculty of Electrical Engg.. And N. D. Chhabile, M. S. Shengar, V. A. Tangade, Students of Electrical Engineering. [5] Technology Based Laboratory to improve science learning by Avinash Kumar Shudhanshu, Raj kumar, Sadashiv Raj Bharadwaj, Gaurav Singh, Amit Garg, Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, Govindpuri, Kalkaji, New Delhi. [6] Development of Remote buttons to control a Robo by M. Saritha, N. Kalpana Assistant professor, Department of electrical and electronics engineering, Matrusri Engineering College, Saidabad, Hyderabad [7] Intelligent Smart Home Automation and Security System Using Arduino and Wi-Fi by J.Chandramohan, Asst. Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Gnanamani College of Technology, Namakkal, India, R.Nagarajan, Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Gnanamani College of Technology, Namakkal, India, K.Satheeshkumar, N.Ajithkumar, P.A.Gopinath, S.Ranjithkumar, U.G. Students, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Gnanamani College of Technology, Namakkal, India. XIV. REFERENCES [1] Smart Home Automation System using Android Application by Prof.H.B.Shinde, Assistant professor, Dept. of Computer Engineering, Keystone school of engineering, Pune, India., and Abhay Chaudhari, Prafull Chaure, Mayur Chandgude Pratik Waghmare. Students, Computer Engineering, Keystone school of engineering, Pune, India. [2] Home Automation via Bluetooth using Android Application by Dheeraj Kumar, B. Tech. Gandhi Institute of Engineering & Technology, Gunupur, Rayagada, India, Swati Singh B. Tech. Gandhi Institute of Engineering & Technology, Gunupur, Rayagada, India, and Neha Sinha, B. Tech. Gandhi Institute of Engineering & Technology, Gunupur, Rayagada, India. [3] K.Rajkumar, and S.A.Mohammed Uveise, A Network Lifetime Enhancement Method For Sink Relocation And Its Analysis In Wireless Sensor Networks, International Journal of Innovations in Scientific and Engineering Research (IJISER), Vol.2, no.4, pp.77-82, 2015. 740
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