EUROPEAN GNSS ADOPTION OPPORTUNITIES IN TRANSPORT WITH FOCUS ON RAIL Gian Gherardo Calini European GNSS Agency III Workshop GNSS Technology Advances in a Multi-Constellation Framework 22 January 2016 This presentation can be interpreted only together with the oral comments accompanying it
2 Agenda European GNSS programme status and GSA Market Development approach GNSS market trends and opportunities in transport Focus on Rail market
Galileo is implemented in a step-wise approach Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) Fully compatible with GPS Open service free of charge and delivering dual frequencies (better performances) Operational early services in 2016 12 satellites have been launched, till now: Half of them were launched in 2015 First position fix made in March 2013 Recovery plan designed for 2 satellites with no-nominal orbit 20 additional satellites already in production 26 January, 2016
while EGNOS already provides value to European citizen 4 APV: Approach with Vertical Guidance Note: theoretical coverage RIMS: Ranging and Integrity Monitoring Station
Integrated approach: understanding the market, stimulating the demand, creating a competitive EU offer DOWNSTREAM VALUE CHAIN 5 MARKET SEGMENTS Bodies influencing the market Navigation Signal Providers Chipset, receiver Devices Content & Apps Service providers Road LBS Aviation Rail Maritime Agriculture Surveying & Mapping Timing & Synchronization Governmental Understand market and user needs and satisfaction User Satisfaction Stimulate DEMAND & ADOPTION EGNSS added value Cooperate with receivers and aps Roadmaps with stakeholders Support EC policies Support EU COMPETITIVE OFFER of Services, applications and receivers Fundamental Elements E-GNSS USER ADOPTION EU PUBLIC BENEFITS
6 Agenda European GNSS programme status and GSA Market Development approach GNSS market trends and opportunities in transport Focus on Rail market
A 9 bln GNSS devices market by 2023, with mass adoption expected to happen everywhere 7 GNSS devices per capita: 2014 and 2023 1.4 1.1 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.5 2014 2.5 1.1 2.1 0.8 2023 2.3 1.0 # of GNSS devices per capita > 2.5 2-2.5 1.5-2 1-1.5 0.5-1 < 0.5 N d Source: GNSS Market Report - Issue 4, 2015
Source: GNSS Market Report - Issue 4, 2015 As multi-constellation receivers become more common 8
new market trends in transport emerge 9 Road Increased pressure for emergency location sharing and safety-related applications drives the demand for telematics equipment, which serves as a platform for innovative applications Dedicated nomadic GNSS devices (PNDs) are becoming redundant with increasing use of smartphones and better affordability of In-Vehicle Systems Maritime Aviation Increasing usage of GNSS navigation, particularly for Performance Based Navigation (PBN) Growth in number of passengers (1-2% in recent years) GNSS enabled Emergency Locator Transmitters (ELTs) are also being more and more used in aviation Multi-constellation GNSS receivers at the centre of the proposed IMO e- navigation concept COSPAS-SARSAT enhancing the infrastructure with GNSS to reduce reaction time in emergency response
leading to emerging applications able to support smart and efficient mobility 10 Application Example Autonomous vehicles Connected Cars Multimodal logistics [Road, Rail, Aviation, Maritime] Smart Mobility Other future transport [Road] [Road] [Road, Rail, Maritime] [Road, Rail, Aviation, Maritime] Description An autonomous vehicle is capable of sensing its environment and navigating without human control fulfilling the main transportation capabilities of a traditional car Is a new vehicle feature that enables the exchange of information with the Internet via specific interfaces, bringing the Internet into the automotive world Multimodal logistics transportation aims to create a seamless connectivity between different transport modes to maximize the impact of mass transport and enable sustainable mobility Smart Mobility uses ICT technologies to enhance quality and performance of urban services, to reduce costs and resource consumption, and to engage more effectively and actively with its citizens. New technologies have the potential to make our roads and transit systems safer, greener and more efficient. In the next future a number of ongoing ambitious projects will deliver their results (e.g. Hyperloop, Maglev trains, Urban pods, Skylon, etc.)
Key takeaways and watch outs in transport applications 11 KEY TAKEAWAYS Development of autonomous driving will require better accuracy and reliability, possibly authentication Emergency services will bring another GNSS platform in the car Car connectivity will decrease the importance of reducing time to first fix, since assistance data will be provided via the network Public transportation and multimodal transport applications will use GNSS as main source of geolocation and will increasingly ask for indoor means for relative positioning In aviation EGNSS is becoming a key enabler for Communication, Navigation and Surveillance for all flight phases WATCH OUT Accuracy would have to be improved to decimetre level to enable full autonomous driving Better continuity in challenging environments (e.g. urban canyons) would have to be ensured Demanding user integrity requirements in emerging safety-critical applications Galileo SAR inclusion in 2 nd generation beacons
12 Agenda European GNSS programme status and GSA Market Development approach GNSS market trends and opportunities in transport Focus on Rail market
13 Market trends in Rail GNSS penetration growing steadily, but used mainly for non safety of life purposes like asset management or passenger information systems Outside of Europe due to different safety requirements, GNSS is starting to penetrate also in train positioning for signaling (PTC, KLUB-U, proprietary solutions for private lines) Harmonization of railway signaling is the future trend (ERTMS, PTC,..) CBA for GNSS based railway signaling is very positive and the industry needs further support to find ways how to include E-GNSS into the technical specifications for signaling and train control Units Thousands 600 500 400 300 200 Installed base of GNSS devices by region 100% 80% 60% 40% 100 20% 0 0% 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 EU28 North America Asia-Pacific Non-EU28 Europe Middle East + Africa South America + Caribbean GNSS penetration* *: GNSS penetration is defined as installed base of GNSS devices relative to the installed base that would prevail if every addressable user was fully equipped
Where we want to be and how to get there 14 Where we want to be How to get there EGNSS adopted as one of the key elements of the train command and control solutions Support UNISIG and Next Generation Train Control project in their effort to define requirements EGNSS adopted as a part of future evolutions of ERTMS and for train positioning subsystem Cooperate with railway associations and EC to foster the role of EGNSS in the evolutions of ERTMS standard and in the standardization and certification of EGNOS receivers Multi-constellation use of GNSS for multimodal logistics applications Support the establishment of EGNSS enabled asset and cargo tracking solutions
EGNSS value proposition for different applications 15 Signalling Combination of E-GNSS with sensors for precise train positioning for use in safety of life CCS applications or with conventional communication technologies for logistics applications. Logistics Low density lines Improve safety and reduce the cost of signalling (requires very few or no line side components) Asset management Improve monitoring of the railway assets both for operators and infrastructure managers Main lines Reduce the number of physical balises and to improve the precision of the odometry Cargo monitoring Improve availability of the supply chain visibility information to the LSP/LSC: Georeferenced cargo status monitoring Corridoring, Geofencing Passenger information systems Improve precision and availability of positioning for on board PIS
16 Challenges for E-GNSS Railway stakeholders need to define together with GNSS experts requirements in the difficult railway environment: UNISIG is working on defining the requirements with the support of GSA Unlike in Aviation, railway is suffering multipath effects and signal outages (cuttings, tunnels, urban canyons) Minimum requirements on GNSS are difficult to define and require additional performance testing to be conducted by railway experts with the support of satellite industry Results of FP7 projects addressing the issue of additional sensor integration (ex. odometer, eddy current sensor) are available for railway experts
Successful R&D projects laid foundation to opportunities for GNSS in rail signalling 17 GaLoROI - used EGNOS to provide integrity and increased positioning accuracy in combination with Eddy current sensors SATLOC developed and demonstrated in Brasov (RO) innovative GNSS Safety of Life rail application for the train control, speed supervision, traffic control and traffic management of UIC-E lines (low density lines)
18 R&D efforts continued in H2020.. ERSAT project will leverage the achievements of FP7 and pave the way for inclusion of E-GNSS into future evolutions of ERTMS Objective verification of the suitability of EGNSS (including EGNOS and Galileo early services) for safety railway application for Low density lines Safe localization of the trains, based on E-GNSS will be defined and developed, leading the way for the harmonisation with the European ERTMS standard
Upcoming project RHINOS aims to overcome the limitations of the railway environment 19 Key pillar of RHINOS (Railway High Integrity Navigation Overlay System) project is the GNSS infrastructure realized for the aviation application with additional layers that aim to meet the railway safety standards, given the environmental constraints. RHINOS will also contribute to the definition of a standard for the Railway High Integrity Navigation Overlay System leveraging on the EU-US Cooperation Agreement on ARAIM.
Next steps in R&D towards real applications STRATEGIC APPROACH SUPPORTED BY H2020 Enable dedicated E-GNSS performance tests in frame of R&D supporting railway stakeholders to define the requirements H2020 project STARS coordinated by UNIFE to be kicked off soon Support UNISIG and Next Generation Train Control project in their effort to define virtual balise by providing the necessary GNSS related knowledge and expertise Foster implementation of technical solution into ERTMS specifications for non safety relevant applications: Support the establishment of standardised, E-GNSS enabled asset and cargo tracking solutions for positioning of rail as a key player in the future European multimodal transport 20 Collaboration and information exchange between projects in H2020 and Shift2Rail is a prerequisite to speed up the delivery of necessary R&D results leading to real applications
THANK YOU gian-gherardo.calini@gsa.europa.eu This presentation can be interpreted only together with the oral comment accompanying it