AsWood Adhesive Systems for Furniture and Flooring Applications PTF BPI 2010 By Dr. Astrid Pedersen
Formaldehyde focus The focus on formaldehyde has increased dramatically over the last few years due to: IARC s classification of formaldehyde as a group 1 Human Carcinogen, in 2004 Tighter regulations in a number of markets F**** in Japan CARB regulations in California Special customer requirements PTF BPI 2010 2
Dispersion based adhesives The formaldehyde topic can be avoided by use of dispersion based adhesives such as PVAc and EPI Depending on the gluing process dispersion based adhesives may give challenges such as short assembly time increased pressing time reduced production capacity increased reject rates handling of isocyanate (EPI) short pot life (EPI) PTF BPI 2010 3
Formaldehyde based adhesives Formaldehyde based adhesives are often preferred due to good technical properties and robustness...but there is the question about formaldehyde emission PTF BPI 2010 4
Effect of reduced formaldehyde content Over the last 30 years the formaldehyde emission from glued products has been reduced significantly This has mainly been done by reduction of the formaldehyde content in the adhesives For low emitting adhesive system the challenge is to maintain properties like bond quality moisture resistance pressing time production efficiency reject rates etc PTF BPI 2010 5
Dynea s solution a new family of formaldehyde based adhesive systems for gluing of different wood based products PTF BPI 2010 6
Adhesive characteristics The AsWood adhesive systems are two component systems First adhesive component is based on a formaldehyde nased polymer 0,1 1% free formaldehyde Second adhesive component is formaldehyde free and based on dispersion technology Mixing ratio from 100/50 to 100/150 The two adhesive components, and the mixture of the two, are comparable to traditional formaldehyde based adhesive systems with respect to viscosity, ph, solids content, shelf life etc PTF BPI 2010 7
Typical adhesive characteristics Adhesive system AsWood 7000 AsWood 7502 Glue mixture (100:100) Polymer Formaldehyde based Dispersion based Mixture ph ca 9,5 ca 2,5 ca 4 Viscosity (mpas, 25 C) ca 4500 ca 2500 ca 2000 Solids content (%) 1 ca 67 ca 53 ca 60 Shelf life 3 months 2 3 months 3 - Pot life (20 C) - 1 drying in a ventilated oven for 2 h at 120 C 2 20 25 C 3 10 25 C. - 1 h PTF BPI 2010 8
Moisture resistance - Test method: EN 12765 Test pieces prepared from two 5 mm thick beech boards glued together Adhesive system Dry test (N/mm 2 ) Cold water test 1 (N/mm 2 ) Hot water test 2 (N/mm 2 ) Boil test 3 (N/mm 2 ) Typical UF systems 11-18 7 9 0 9 0 AsWood systems 11-18 8 10 11 13 7 10 C2 requirement 10 7 - - C3 requirement 10 7 4 - C4 requirement 10 7 1 Cold water test: 24 h in cold water (ca 20 o C) 2 Hot water test: 3 h in water of 67 o C, 2 h in cold water 3 Boil test: 3 h in boiling water, 2 h in cold water - 4 PTF BPI 2010 9
The AsWood solutions are suitable for Solid wood panels Parquet Furniture Curved plywood Veneering Gluing of HPL Board-on-Frame Interior doors Exterior doors Wall panels/ specialty panels Interior plywood Multi-layer board PTF BPI 2010 10
Solid Wood Panels Wood lamellas glued together to produce table tops furniture stairs window frames garden furniture cutting boards cheese boards PTF BPI 2010 11
Emission results, solid wood vs. solid wood panels Emission test Construction Pine Beech ASTM D 6007-2 (ppm) Solid wood panel 0,03 ASTM D 6007-2 (ppm) Solid wood ~0,03 EN 717-1 (mg/m 3 ) Solid wood panel 0,010 EN 717-1 (mg/m 3 ) Solid wood ~0.009 ISO 12460-4 (mg/l) Solid wood panel 0,09 0,03 ISO 12460-4 (mg/l) Solid wood ~0,08 ~0,03 EN 717-2 (mg/m 2 h) Solid wood panel 0,30 0,10 EN 717-2 (mg/m 2 h) Solid wood ~0,30 ~0,10 PTF BPI 2010 12
Curved plywood Veneer sheets glued together in a stack, in a shaped press, for production of furniture furniture parts bed slats clothes hangers PTF BPI 2010 13
Emission results, solid wood vs. curved plywood panels Emission test Construction Beech ASTM D 6007-2 (ppm) Curved plywood of beech 0,02 ASTM D 6007-2 (ppm) Solid beech ~0,01 EN 717-1 (mg/m 3 ) Curved plywood of beech 0,009 EN 717-1 (mg/m 3 ) Solid beech ~0,006 ASTM D 6007-2: The CARB 2 requirement for non formaldehyde adhesives is 0,04 ppm PTF BPI 2010 14
Sandwich parquet Flooring material consisting of two or three different wooden layers decorative surface layer core layer back layer PTF BPI 2010 15
Emission results, solid wood vs. sanwich parquet Emission test Construction Oak ASTM D 6007-2 (ppm) Oak parquet 0,02 ASTM D 6007-2 (ppm) Solid oak ~0,01 EN 717-1 (mg/m 3 ) Oak parquet 0,009 EN 717-1 (mg/m 3 ) Solid oak ~0,006 ASTM D 6007-2: The CARB 2 requirement for non formaldehyde adhesives is 0,04 ppm PTF BPI 2010 16
Use of AsWood in production Unchanged or improved bond quality No change in production parameters No change in production efficiency Robust in use High tolerance for dosing mistakes Extremely long assembly times Significantly improved moisture resistance Used with standard production equipment (exception: mixing pumps) PTF BPI 2010 17
Conclusions Formaldehyde based adhesives can be used to produce products with emission at the same level as natural wood This can be done without major changes in the production equipment and without adverse effects on product quality and production efficiency PTF BPI 2010 18
Thank you for your attention! PTF BPI 2010 19