AFREA - Gender and Energy Program The strategic role of the World Bank in advancing the gender and energy agenda in Africa Camilla Gandini Senior Gender Specialist WOMEN ENTERPRENUERSHIP AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY IN AFRICA Libreville, June 13, 2017
Where does the gender and energy agenda sits at the WB Gender Cross-Cutting Solution Area Advisory team to provide guidance on areas of strategic priorities World Bank Gender equality is a corporate priority (SDG 5) Energy and Extractives Global Practice Each GP incorporates the gender mandate in its work AFREA Gender and Energy Program Conception and application of genderresponsive approaches in the energy sector (SDG 5 + SDG 7)
What is the AFREA GAE Program? AFREA I (2009-2013) Main objective: develop and mainstream the application of genderresponsive approaches in energy access policies and projects in Africa. How: integrating a gender perspective throughout the operational cycle to improve gender equity in project participation, benefits and opportunities. 1. Operational and Advisory Support 2. Training and Capacity Building AFREA II (2014-2018) Main objective: scale up AFREA I experience, increasing the adoption of gender-sensitive approaches across energy projects. How: Technical and Advisory Support Building International Capacity for Gender Mainstreaming Knowledge Development Improving M&E 3. Knowledge Work and Dissemination 4. Results and Monitoring & Evaluation
GAE Areas of Interventions
Getting To Gender Equality In Energy Infrastructure Energy infrastructures impacts Energy Infrastructure Employment Focus sector policies on changing legal restrictions to women s employment and eliminating women s skills gaps. Take women s constraints and occupational segregation by gender into account in the development of training programs. Seek ways to reduce gender bias in employing women. Promoting girls education in STEM fields. Creating a gender sensitive work environment. Increasing women s greater representation in the utility companies. Pay attention to safety and working conditions at project construction sites and in operational areas. Consult with the local community. Land-related compensations Gender analysis should be integral to social assessments and safeguards policies. Consider disbursing the cash amount of compensation to both spouses and take into account other adult female household members. Provide sufficient cash compensation to replace lost land and other assets. During the land acquisition/resettlement process, grant property titles to both men and women. Ensuring safety and prevention of health risks should be an integral part of project design. Arrange meetings at a time convenient for women to attend and in venues where they feel comfortable and free to engage in discussion.
How does AFREA-GAE engage at country level WB ENERGY TEAMS: PROJECT ENGAGEMENT AFREA-GAE TF: HELP DESK CLIENT: GOVERNMENT COUNTERPARTS IMPLEMETING ORGANIZATIONS BENEFICIARIES
AFREA-GAE s Beneficiaries Chain EXCHANGE AMONG DEVELOPMENT PRACTITIONERS/OTHER STAKEHOLDERS BROADER COUNTRY LEVEL ENGAGEMENT (CS PRIVATE SECTOR) PROJECTS BENEFICIARIES CLIENTS LEVEL SUPPORT (GOVERNMENT COUNTERPART) WB ENERGY SPECIALISTS SENSITIZATION/CAPACITY BUILDING AFREA GAE - TF
AFREA-GAE Funds Over 3 million USD has been invested on these activities resulting in 20+ country projects integrating gender in project design and implementation, various training and knowledge materials delivered and continuous TA with energy teams and clients. The annual average cost per project ranges from $20,000-$60,000 depending from the type of provided assistance. Annual operating budget for AFREA is $467,000. Funds for FY18 and subsequent years until 2020 are at $220,000 annually. Project teams will sometimes provide matching funds but the funds are hard to find or have limited budgets.
What has been accomplished so far Knowledge, Research and Training Online Toolkit: Sample TORs, Surveys, Templates Practitioners Network Forum Library of Gender and Energy Publications e-course Gender Equality & Energy
What has been accomplished so far Regional and Country Level Support Regional Engagement: 20 countries and 27 projects have received technical support leading to projects being gender-informed, meeting WBG corporate standards, and project teams entering into new dialogues on gender and energy with their clients. Approach developed to help inform energy investments gender expert screens project documents, joins mission, engages with clients and proposes concrete actions (baseline studies, indicators, awareness workshops) to help teams get started; interventions project/country specific Moving beyond checking the box baseline studies help inform targeted actions within the project document and implementation; technical experts identified to join missions and help with capacity building of energy agencies, utilities and PIUs; projects reaching communities and seeing results on the ground Country level knowledge resources: regional workshops, blogs, briefing notes, guidance, videos. Replication of the AFREA-GAE Programs: FY17-20 LAC, MENA, ECA approved, SAR forthcoming
AFREA GAE countries engagement West Africa Benin Burkina Faso Cameroon Cote d Ivoire Gambia Liberia Mali Niger Nigeria Sao Tome & Principe Senegal Togo East Africa Comoros Ethiopia Kenya Rwanda Tanzania Uganda Southern Africa Congo, DR Mozambique Zambia Regional ECOWAS States
PROGEDE II - Senegal-Second Sustainable & Participatory Energy Management Project Rural Senegalese Women at the Forefront of the charcoal value chain THE CHALLENGE THE RESPONSE THE RESULT In Kaffrine, electricity, jobs, and natural resources are scarce. With half of Senegal s 13 million people burning wood and charcoal for household fuel, alternative approaches to sustainable energy were needed to be explored. Charcoal production was a predominantly male activity and women were not included in any decision making regarding its production and use. PROGEDE II addressed these challenges by involving women in decision-making process of charcoal value chain. AFREA-GAE provided just in time technical support to government counterpart to integrate a gender-sensitive lens in project s development. Charcoal production has been reformed to reduce environmental impacts and include women. Training women on charcoal production, commercialization & leadership. Over 1018 women became charcoal producers. In 3 months each woman can produces a truck of charcoal for a revenue of + USD 2,000. Improvement in living conditions: new house, solar panel, motorbike, children s fee study covered, TVs. Commercial activities provide works for community. Women now have a say in reforestation, charcoal production, carbonization techniques and charcoal sales and use.
Women s involvement in the charcoal value chain https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-hqs-unqfq
Ethiopia - Electricity Network Reinforcement and Expansion Project (ENREP) Credit Facility For Market Development Of Renewable Energy Products THE CHALLENGE Women in Ethiopia are less likely than men to have an account/borrow from an FIs. 21% of women have a formal account. 8% of women have taken a loan. Women account for 30 % of microfinance borrowers, compared to 62% in Africa. Women lack access to other financial services: digital payment, insurance, savings, transfers, remittances. Supply: Burdensome collateral requirements, high minimum loan sizes. Demand: Limited financial capabilities and business development services. Cultural: Permission required from male members, mobility and time constraints. THE RESPONSE Component on: Credit Facility for market development of renewable energy products. DBE manages and administers credit line together with MFIs. Active participation of women in consumer education and awareness. Market segmentation study. TA to MIFs including studies capturing the gender constraints in accessing the credit line. Support MIFs in shaping their approach based on w s needs. Gender representative in the Technical Committee of MoWIE to oversee governance of the collateral support facility. Collection of sex-disaggregated information for project s M&E. INNOVATE Challenges of collateral requirements particularly constrain women entrepreneurs as they often do not own/hold formal titles over assets. Africa GIL piloting use of psychometric screening for loan applicants as collateral substitute. Agent banking bridging to the last mile using local shops. Digital financial services that offer convenient and comparatively less expensive ways to make payments and transfer of funds. Tailored products and services to meet the needs of different segments of women in the market. e.g. savings, women s loans Slide Credit: Inka Schomer
Women's Financial Inclusion - Why Gender Gaps? Access is only the symptom-working on access alone will not address the root causes Source: CGAP
Photo Credit: Inka Schomer