Extending Argo into marginal Seas: the Mediterranean and Black Seas Pierre-Marie Poulain Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS) Trieste, Italy Outline Argo float deployments and data in the Mediterranean and Black seas (2001-2012) Future plans Med-ARC (MedArgo) Examples of scientific results
Argo data in the Med and Black Seas Argo profiling floats : PROVOR, ARVOR, APEX, SOLO/NEMO NRT data (every 5 or 10 days): Pressure, temperature, conductivity (salinity) oxygen, chlorophyll, turbidity, etc. Medium cost (15-20 K ) Long-lived (> 3 years) Generally expandable Argos or Iridium data telemetry
Argo data in the Med and Black Seas 4 th Argo Science Workshop - Venice, Italy, 27-29 September 2012
Argo data in the Med and Black Seas Argo float deployments between June 2001 and September 2012 (149 floats) 139 Argos2, 2 Argos3 & 8 Iridium
Argo data in the Med and Black Seas Argo float deployments between June 2001 and September 2012 (> 13000 cycles) Alive-brown Dead-blue Provor Apex
Argo data in the Med and Black Seas Oldest Mediterranean float (235 cycles, > 6 years)
Argo data in the Med and Black Seas Using Iridium downlink to change sampling characteristics Arvor-I: Cycle length from 5 to 3 days and then back to 5 days
Argo data in the Med and Black Seas Argo CTD profiles between June 2001 and September 2012 (> 13000 profiles)
Argo data in the Med and Black Seas Argo CTD profiles between Jun 2001 and Sep 2012 (149 floats) EU FP5 MFSTEP EUROARGO
Argo data in the Med and Black Seas Argo CTD profiles between June 2001 and September2012 EU FP5 MFSTEP EUROARGO
Argo float deployments in Med Sea EUROARGO PP & SIDERI: Capacity building & training Deployment of an Arvor-L float in March 2012 in the southern Adriatic Sea from Croatian R/V Naše Deployment of an Arvor-I float in September 2012 in the Levantine Sea from Cyprus ship Upcoming (October 2012) deployment of an Arvor-I float in the Sicily Channel by Maltese oceanographers
Argo float deployments in Black Sea EUROARGO PP & SIDERI : Capacity building & training Deployments of Arvor-L floats on June and September 2012 in the western Black Sea from Bulgarian R/V Akademik Procurement and deployments (2013) of floats by Romania and Ukraine as part of FP7 Perseus Project
Argo float in Med and Black Seas in Sep 2012 6901042 6900636 6900664 6901038 6900850 6901043 6900843 MEDARGO on 20/9/2012 Green = AIC (34 active floats); Yellow = future deployments in 2012 (5 Italy, 1 Germany*, 3 NAVO) Red = 8 floats not on AIC but at MedArgo & Coriolis (1 France, 3 Italy, 3 Germany, 1 Spain) TOTAL = 42 floats (35 Med + 7 BS; 4 Spain, 13 Italy, 11 France, 5 NAVO, 6 Germany, 3 Bulgaria; 18 APEX, 7 ARVOR, 8 ARVOR-L, 9 PROVOR; 35 ARGOS, 7 IRIDIUM) 40 floats with T/S only, 2 Prov-nuts (6900664 & 6900939) *not shown 6900849 4 th Argo Science Workshop - Venice, Italy, 27-29 September 2012
Proposed Argo sampling in the Mediterranean and Black Seas Future Plans EuroArgo PP Task 4.4. Define long term strategy for float deployment in marginal seas
Deployments Plans for 2013 FP7 PERSEUS: Greece (1 Med) Italy (2 Med) Spain (1 Med) Romania (1 BS) Ukraine (1 BS) BULARGO: Bulgaria (1 BS) ARGO-ITALY: Italy (4 BS, 4 Med, 3 prov-bio, 2 prov-nut) ARGO-FRANCE (NAOS): France (10 prov-bio, 5 prov-nut) ARGO-GREECE: Greece (1 Med) ARGO-SPAIN: Spain (1 Med) Future Plans TOTAL 2013: 40 floats (33 Med + 7 BS) Med & BS Argo fleet will > 80 floats, including > 20 floats with biochemical sensors, that is double with respect to conservative minimal density recommended in EUROARGO PP and about double with respect to global Argo density.
Med-ARC (MedArgo) http://nettuno.ogs.trieste.it/sire/medargo/
Delayed Mode Quality Control (DMQC) As of today, about 50% of the floats have been DMQC ed
Delayed Mode Quality Control (DMQC): salinity 4 th Argo Science Workshop - Venice, Italy, 27-29 September 2012
Examples of scientific results for the Mediterranean Trends in thermohaline properties in the deep Ionian Sea (1985-2011) Ship-based CTD (gray, mainly 1985-1999) Argo CTD (black, 2001-2011) 4 th Argo Science Workshop - Venice, Italy, 27-29 September 2012
Examples of scientific results for the Mediterranean Trends in thermohaline properties in the deep Ionian Sea (1985-2011) Warming and getting saltier
Examples of scientific results for the Mediterranean Sub-surface Mediterranean circulation at 350 m See next talk! Menna & Poulain, 2010, OS