Innovation platforms fostering communities of practice in low carbon economy towards 2030 Transformative mechanism and processes for realising SDG9 in Europe. UN/WASD International Conference on Public private partnership for the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 10-13 April 2018, Geneva Cristian Matti 1,2, Irene Vivas 1,3, Julia Panny 1 and Blanca JuanAgullo 1 1 EIT Climate-KIC, 2 Utrecht University 3 Maastricht University Network Map City of Bologna Participatory Socio Technical Mapping Approach Transition cities project (2014-2017) EIT Climate KIC
General background EU Regional innovation policy & Climate Change Climate change is one of the great challenges faced by the EU. Europe 2020 strategy targets (greenhouse gas emissions, reduce energy consumption and energy origin from renewable sources). The European Council (2013) established that climate action objectives should represent at least 20% of EU spending in the period 2014-2020. Focus in ESIF and Regional Development Fund (ERDF) EIT Climate-KIC is the largest public-private innovation partnership focused on climate change. It integrates education, entrepreneurship and innovation resulting in connected, creative transformation of knowledge and ideas into economically viable products or services that help to mitigate climate change. It run also the Regional Innovation Scheme (RIS) programme which is applies to less developed European regions and countries.
General background EU policy for Environment/Climate change Green agenda in Europe has encouraged the effective exploration and exploitation of new knowledge: Europe 2020 Strategy, the 2030 Climate and Energy Policy Framework, the EU strategy on adaptation to climate change Sustainable development has been anchored in EU treaties since the first EU Sustainable Development Strategy (EU SDGs) adopted in 2001 The territorial focus is a key part of EU policies in terms of broad approaches on sustainable industry and innovation (i.e. H2020, COSME), and major investment in infrastructures (ESIF) and regional development (ERDF, ETC).
General background EU funding for Environment/Climate change LIFE Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 LIFE I LIFE II LIFE III LIFE + European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee Fund (EAGGF) (FEOGA) European Agricultural Guarantee Fund (EAGF) European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) Structural and Investment Funds (ESIF) European Territorial Cooperation (ETC) Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance (IPA) Macro-Regional Strategies FP3 LEADER II LEADER + LEADER approach LEADER INTERREG II INTERREG III URBAN I URBAN II URBACT I FP4 FP6 FP5 Cohesion Fund European maritime and fisheries fund (EMFF) European Social Fund (ESF) European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) RIS/RIS+ (pilot projects) RIS2 RIS3 INTERREG IV URBACT II INTERREG V & EUROPE URBACT III F7 HORIZON 2020 Rural development, Transition Facility and others Baltic Sea Region EUSBSR Danube Region EUSDR Adriatic and Ionian Region EUSAIR EU Strategy for the Alpine Region EUSALP
Content General background EU Regional innovation policy & Climate Change Objectives & motivation Dimension for analysing innovation platforms and communities of practice The case of EIT Regional Innovation Scheme (EIT RIS) Climate-KIC programme ü Methodological approach ü KTI in RIS regions: a working progress ü Climate KIC as an innovation platform: Results ü KTI, resource mobilisation for innovation and SDG9 in EIT RIS programme Final remarks
Objectives and motivation Better understanding of the role of platforms as catalysers of innovation in the field of climate, more specifically, the case of the EIT Regional Innovation Scheme (EIT RIS) Climate-KIC programme. Also, looking at the existence of communities of practice and their value for the innovation process. Focusing on the emerging practices on combining research, education and business activities driven by the understanding of innovation as a systemic process to realise SDGs targets (i.e. SDG9) Providing regional narratives on the variety of mechanisms for resource mobilization and knowledge triangle integration
Sustainable development in peripheral regions The use of Regional Innovation System approach reflects the understanding of innovation as a systemic process Interaction of localised production based in local and indigenous knowledge Different regions have different endogenous capacities and weaknesses. There are not best practices that fit all! Regions needs to target efforts to match local processes with regional needs Environmental targets request resource mobilization and knowledge integration at different levels and domains Coordination mechanism among a multilevel governance configuration
Innovation platforms and communities of practice (I) Innovation platforms are structures that allow the coordination of a variety of actors by combining individual goals and capacities with shared purposes. These interactions are based on the ability to maximize the variety of knowledge stemming from otherwise dispersed knowledge bases (Consoli & Patrucco, 2007, 2011) Platforms serve to encourage the diffusion of new best practices (Baldwin & Woodard, 2009; Consoli & Patrucco, 2011) The regional innovation process turns more complex in terms of the multi-level policy mixes that rise issues of coordination underpinning the policy process such as the mix of actors, levels, policy domains and time (Matti, Consoli, & Uyarra, 2016) In a community of practice, people learn collectively and mutually engage on joint enterprises and produce a repertoire of common resources (Wenger, McDermott, & Snyder, 2002)
Innovation platforms and communities of practice (II)
Innovation platforms and communities of practice (II)
Innovation platforms and communities of practice (II)
Emerging questions In the context of EU countries and regions policies and funding schemes, existing mechanisms and processes resonate with the approach defined for the SDGs How different multi-level mechanisms can effectively support technological as well as place-based innovation by taking into consideration regional narratives? Which processes facilitate the achievement of SDG 9 targets in terms of resource mobilisation and knowledge triangle integration?
The empirical case: EIT Climate-KIC RIS programme The EIT s Knowledge and Innovation Communities (Innovation Communities) are partnerships that bring together businesses, research centres and universities. EIT Climate KIC is one the existing 6 KICs. EIT Climate-KIC RIS programme reinforce synergies and complementarities with EU, national, regional innovation initiatives and funding sources (Moderate Innovators) Supports regional stakeholders role as multipliers of knowledge and expertise Foster emerging practices for knowledge triangle integration Main action lines Professional education Entrepreneurship and business acceleration Innovation Demonstration projects
EIT Climate-KIC RIS programme regions and SDGs performance Achieved Not achieved Source: Own elaboration based on Sachs et al., 2017
EIT RIS - Climate KIC programmes Different Learning process based on the entry date Cross-border relations. Role of Pioneers program Contextualised Education activities Start-up Accelerator program customized and redesigned to match the RIS context (e.g. S3, ERDF, etc) Accelerator Start-ups Education Participants Mobility Professionals Pathfinder Projects Reference Scale 1:5 Cumulative data 2016-2017
Design of empirical research Primary and secondary data: Semi-structured interviews to RIS partners June and August 2017 Policy and internal documents and reports review from 2016 & 2017 activities Data triangulation: Two-step Institutional Assessment to define the level of maturity of Knowledge Triangle Integration (KTI) in a project or organization developed by TMC Consultancy Results were consolidated* and indexed to facilitate comparison A. Evaluation of dimensions of KTI B. Aggregation of dimension s results into categories *Two (2) analysts performed the assessment, the RIS programme manager reviewed both results.
Innvovation platform dimensions There are four main categories (with 16 dimensions) were considered: 1. Perspective 2. Culture & organization 3. Resources, 4. Experience & activities CATEGORY DIMENSIONS (0 to 4) PERSPECTIVE CULTURE & ORGANIZATION RESOURCES Vision Strategy Planning Policies Leadership & Governance Information flow Organization structure Motivation system & Performance assessment People Mobility Financing EXPERIENCE & ACTIVITIES Workspace Partners & Relationships Innovation - deliver new products, services and business models Education Entrepreneurial skills for students Entrepreneurship - Start-up creation, acceleration and scaling-up
Dynamic scenarios for evaluation of KTI performance Scenario-based assessment (four situations) is applied to value the stage of maturity an organization. Scenario Level of maturity Collaboration in projects 1 (low) Institutional interactions between KT actors 2 Joint development & implementation of strategy to develop innovation system Orchestrated Innovation Ecosystem 3 4(High) Higher degree of KTI, higher Innovation Capacity
Knowledge Triangle Integration in RIS countries (I) a work in progress Dimension category Romania Slovenia Latvia Cyprus Serbia Bulgaria Malta Portugal Estonia Perspective 0.27 0.22 0.51 0.24 0.22 0.33 0.24 0.43 0.30 Culture & Organization 0.21 0.29 0.31 0.28 0.29 0.25 0.27 0.40 0.25 Resources 0.21 0.25 0.21 0.21 0.25 0.21 0.30 0.33 0.21 Experience & Activities 0.52 0.45 0.53 0.48 0.36 0.47 0.29 0.43 0.34 Source: Own elaboration based on the application of TMC assessment tool Low medium medium/ high high
KTI in RIS countries (II) Institutional aspects and enabling interfaces. Countries such as Portugal stand out for their relative good perfomarmance in KTI, they are one of the two RIS partners that have created a unit to work with the EIT Climate-KIC RIS programme. Innovation management component Innovation performance. Countries shows better results at experience and activities. RIS is a programe with an activity-based nature. Thus, its combined activities in business, research and innovation streghthen knowledge integration. Evaluation and analytic framework The fluctuation between countries responds to the different nature of partners, the strengths of their organization and their market objectives. Different Public-Private Partnership configuration for KTI, one size fits all?
Relations between activities, resource mobilisation for innovation and SDG9 in EIT RIS programme Activities & Experiences Resources Scope of SDG 9 Mobility Professionals Human capital Enhance research and upgrade technological capabilities Education Participants Accelerator Start-ups Pathfinder Projects Knowledge Technology and finance Innovation (all resources) Enhance research and upgrade technological capabilities. Access to information Sustainable industrialisation. Access to financial services for small scale enterprises and integration into value chain and market. Access to financial services for small scale enterprises and integration into value chain and market. Upgrade infrastructure and industries to make them sustainable 21
EIT Climate KIC RIS as an innovation platform ü RIS countries are at an initial scenario (total average of 0.32). ü The average value of experiences & activities is closer to the second stage: institutional interactions (more than 0.50).
Final remarks Increasing innovation capacity: Knowledge Triangle Integration occurs at two levels: 1) at the innovation platform level (macro) KTI activities and 2) At the community of practice (micro) Knowledge embedded in people EIT Climate-KIC RIS programme illustrate systemic (as platform), spatial (through territories) and thematic elements(in Urban, Land Use, Finance, Production Systems). Measuring SDG 9 performance: Focus on bottom-up processes, platform and community level improve the understanding the complexity of the efforts needed to tackle climate innovation Evidence on process-based indicators needed instead of just focusing on results for measuring SDGs implementation. 23
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