BANKO BIKANO COMMUNITY LED SANITATION CAMPAIGN IN BIKANER Under Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan Arti Dogra District Collector, Bikaner
Overview Banko Bikano- A community led sanitation campaign in Bikaner Arti Dogra, District Collector, Bikaner dm-bik-rj@nic.in Summary: In the heart of the arid Thar Desert, the programme of sanitation was almost destined to fail given the traditional approach to sanitation. But in April 2013 when it was launched, the Banko Bikano campaign surprised everyone including the government officials in Bikaner. Unlike other process and target oriented government programmes, this one focused on being community led and community driven. Morever the basic premise of the programme was pride- pride and self respect for the women, pride for the family, pride for the village and ultimately for the district. This thought and vision caught on in the social set up of rural Bikaner and the programme became almost self propelling. Knowledge Sharing Forum What works at scale? Distilling critical success factors for scaling-up rural sanitation
Bikaner Third Largest District in the country Area: 28466 sq km Population: 2,367,745 Gram Panchayats: 219 Heart of the desert Severe droughts Severe climate
The Challenge- All the Excuses Desert terrain The size of the district Huge Gram Panchayats Dhani culture Water Scarcity Low literacy for women Feudal society Past history of the programme TSC program was not functioning, with no officers in place
The Trigger Involvement of Water and Sanitation Programme of World Bank Convincing the public representatives Engaging a dedicated team Finding a District Co-ordinator Trying to erase memories of the past
Campaign Branding - Rising Sun Focus on Ranbankura Using local language & customs Emphasis on pride
Strategy Shift from target orientation to objective orientation Focus on Pride,Dignity and respect for women Community Led - Bringing the community to the fore Intensive training and capacity building of stakeholders Dedicated visits,follow ups and regular meetings (Ratri Chaupal, Saturday meeting etc) Monitoring is focused on ODF (community wide behaviour change) rather than construction of individual toilets (Emphasis on 100% usage) ODF GPs would be recognized and rewarded with schemes such as SLWM
Execution Communities to be triggered by DRG Early morning nigarani by natural leaders of each village/habitation Toilets have to be constructed by people themselves; No third party involved Communities are encouraged themselves to support the poorest of the poor. Incentives would be given after achieving ODF status only No standard design of toilet.(preference of household matters, but low cost options are communicated) Women and children are included in the process
Preparation Phase Jan to March 2013 Convincing stakeholders Having staff and institutional arrangement in place District Coordinator Block coordinators DRG Nodal officers Motivators Partnership with WSP for Strategic technical support
Launch April 2013 5 days residential training by WSP Training motivators, Gram Secretaries, Sarpanch and other key functionaries Ensuring presence of key functionaries Triggering of two GPs (Naal and Ridmalsar)
Response Naal Bari became the first ODF Panchayat in 10 days Instant hero of the sarpanch of Naal 21 GPs claimed ODF status in the first one month Media attention Thought provoking for critics
Response Prompt follow up to discuss the success of Naal Intensive monitoring thereafter Weekly meetings and prompt mid course correction
Scaling Up Involving PRIs DRG Members & Local Leaders involved demonstrate how to construct toilets. Massive meetings in all interested GPs Creating community leaders
Proactive PRI Involvement
Scaling Up-Involving the community Even aged men as well as women came forward to construct their own toilets, Active role to early morning Nigrani Role to women and their pride Rallies by school children
Active Participation by Women
Scaling Up- Providing Options Different types of toilets as per the preference and affordability of community. No standard model was promoted. Training at all levels including masons Availability of material
District Resource Group Trained and dedicated resource persons willing to work 24x7 Night halts and two day visits by the DRG
Mobile Monitoring - ODF Claims Verification The District Support Unit will undertake a stringent verification of ODF status Before declaring a GP ODF, to verify that all households have access to toilets
Mobile Monitoring - ODF Claims Verification Using outcome tracker mobile app developed by WSP Independent Journalists, Students and NGO professionals
Success Press Coverage Complimentary to interpersonal communication Creates demand from all corners
1-Apr-13 11-Apr-13 21-Apr-13 1-May-13 11-May-13 21-May-13 31-May-13 10-Jun-13 20-Jun-13 30-Jun-13 10-Jul-13 20-Jul-13 30-Jul-13 9-Aug-13 19-Aug-13 29-Aug-13 Number of ODF Gram Panchayats Training completes on 5 th April Nal Beri becomes first ODF GP on 20 th April 2013 Total 5 GP s become ODF on 6 May 2013 Total 21 GP s become ODF by 13 th May 2013 Total 45 GP s become ODF by 6 th June 2013 Total 51 GPs become ODF by 25 June 2013 Total 68 GPs become ODF by 31 July 2013 Total 85 GPs become ODF by 31 August 2013 Success ODF status of GP s 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Challenges Ahead Ensuring Timely Payments Convergence with MG-NREGA Sustaining the ODF status Extending to the entire district Meeting the new aspiration of the people Knowledge Sharing Forum What works at scale? Distilling critical success factors for scaling-up rural sanitation
Key Success Factors Being a community driven campaign Ensuring it is a demand driven campaign Central role to women Focus on PRI Knowledge Sharing Forum What works at scale? Distilling critical success factors for scaling-up rural sanitation
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