Birds of Prey and Wind Farms

Birds of Prey and Wind Farms

Hermann Hötker Oliver Krone Georg Nehls Editors Birds of Prey and Wind Farms Analysis of Problems and Possible Solutions 123

Editors Hermann Hötker Michael-Otto-Institut im NABU Bergenhusen Germany Georg Nehls BioConsult SH GmbH & CoKG Husum, Schleswig-Holstein Germany Oliver Krone Leibniz-Institut für Zoo-und Wildtierforschung Berlin Germany Translated by Katrin Knudsen from Hötker H, Krone O, Nehls G (eds) Greifvögel und Windkraftanlagen: Problemanalyse und Lösungsvorschläge. Schlussbericht für das Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit. Michael-Otto-Institut im NABU, Leibniz-Institut für Zoo- und Wildtierforschung, BioConsult SH, Bergenhusen, Berlin, Husum ISBN 978-3-319-53401-5 ISBN 978-3-319-53402-2 (ebook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-53402-2 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017931344 Springer International Publishing AG 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Acknowledgements We thank the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety for the financial support (Project FKZ: 0327684/0327684A/ 0327684B), and we are grateful to the Project Management Jülich, in particular Tobias Verfuß, for their patience and support. We owe Katrin Knudsen our heartfelt thanks for translating the manuscript. v

Contents 1 Research Issues and Aims of the Study... 1 Hermann Hötker 2 Project Structure and Methodological Approach... 5 Hermann Hötker 3 Red Kite.... 13 Kerstin Mammen, Ubbo Mammen and Alexander Resetaritz 4 Telemetric Monitoring of Montagu s Harrier in Schleswig-Holstein.... 97 Bodo Grajetzky and Georg Nehls 5 Impacts of Wind Turbines on the Population and Nest Site Selection of the Montagu s Harrier in the Hellweg Börde, North Rhine-Westphalia... 149 Ralf Joest, Bastian Griesenbrock and Hubertus Illner 6 Impacts of Wind Turbines on the Population and Nest Site Selection of the Montagu s Harrier in North Frisia... 197 Leonid Rasran and Kai-Michael Thomsen 7 Satellite Tracking of White-Tailed Sea Eagles in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Brandenburg... 207 Oliver Krone, Gabriele Treu and Thomas Grünkorn 8 Behavioural Observations of White-Tailed Sea Eagles in the Vicinity of Wind Turbines... 227 Thomas Grünkorn, Mirjam Gippert, Gabriele Treu and Georg Nehls 9 Effects of Individuals Lost Due to Wind Turbines on the Time of Occupying a Territory, the Survival of Breeding Territories and the Breeding Success of White-Tailed Sea Eagles (Case Studies)... 239 Thomas Grünkorn and Georg Nehls vii

viii Contents 10 Distances Between Breeding Sites and White-Tailed Sea Eagles Found Dead Near Wind Turbines in Schleswig-Holstein... 245 Thomas Grünkorn and Georg Nehls 11 White-Tailed Sea Eagle Summary and Conclusions.... 255 Oliver Krone, Gabriele Treu, Thomas Grünkorn and Georg Nehls 12 Collisions of Birds of Prey with Wind Turbines Analysis of the Circumstances.... 259 Leonid Rasran and Tobias Dürr 13 Collision Victims and Lattice Towers Frequency of Collision, Breeding Population and Breeding Success of Birds of Prey in Two Wind Farms in Brandenburg... 283 Tobias Dürr and Leonid Rasran 14 Calculation of the Probability of a Collision of Territorial Birds of Prey with Wind Turbines.... 297 Leonid Rasran, Bodo Grajetzky and Ubbo Mammen 15 Population Development and Breeding Success of Birds of Prey in Relation to the Development of Wind Energy Use in Germany.... 309 Leonid Rasran and Ubbo Mammen 16 Conclusions, Risk Assessment, Conflict Minimisation, Practical Recommendations, Need for Further Research... 323 Hermann Hötker, Tobias Dürr, Bodo Grajetzky, Thomas Grünkorn, Ralf Joest, Oliver Krone, Kerstin Mammen, Ubbo Mammen, Georg Nehls, Leonid Rasran, Alexander Resetaritz and Gabriele Treu