Poceeding of the 6th WSEAS Intenational Confeence on Application of Electical Engineeing, Itanbul, Tukey, May 7-9, 007 17 Rotating Field oltage Analyi on the Stato and Roto of the Inveted Roto Induction Moto ISMAIL TEMIZ Electical Depatment Mamaa Univeity Technical Education faculty Goztepe Campu, Kadikoy/Itanbul/Tukey itemiz@mamaa.edu.t CANER AKUNER Electical Depatment Mamaa Univeity Technical Education faculty Goztepe Campu, Kadikoy/Itanbul/Tukey akune@mamaa.edu.t YASAR BIRBIR Electical Depatment Mamaa Univeity Technical Education faculty Goztepe Campu, Kadikoy/Itanbul/Tukey ybibi@mamaa.edu.t ADNAN KAKILLI Electical Depatment Mamaa Univeity Technical Education faculty Goztepe Campu, Kadikoy/Itanbul/Tukey kakilli@mamaa.edu.t Abtact: Mot of the induction moto ae of the otay type with baically a tationay tato and otating oto. In thi tudy, an inveted oto induction moto i deigned and poduced. Thi moto ha mechanical evolving chaacteitic both oto and tato. In thi type of contuction the oto ha thee-phae winding a well, imila to the tato wound fo the ame numbe of pole a the tato winding. The wound-oto winding teminate in lip ing mounted on the oto haft. Buhe ide on the lip ing. Alo meauement coil ae placed uppe of the ame lot of the tato and oto winding of the inveted oto induction moto. Regadle of the oto contuction employed, oto cuent in thi moto ae induced by the tato changing, o athe, otating, and magnetic field. Thi induction action i the cental opeating pinciple of ac induction moto. Wavefom of the induced voltage on the oto and tato winding ae invetigated. Rotating magnetic field of the oto and tato ae meaued by uing thee meauement coil. Expeimental data have been evaluated at otation field of the oto and tato by uing meauement coil. Key wod: Inveted Roto Induction Moto, Slip, Rotating Field, No-load opeation, Blocked oto opeation, Powe Quality, Hamonic Ditotion 1. Intoduction Thi pape peent an oiginal inveted oto induction moto. In which combined pecial induction moto with mechanical evolving chaacteitic on the oto and tato ha been deigned. It ha been applied mechanical enitive balance to the tato fo evolving without any centifugal foce. Thi induction moto can be diven fom tato o oto. Wavefom of the induced voltage on the oto and tato winding and hamonic analyi ae invetigated. Stato and oto winding ae wounded a two laye. Alo meauement coil ae placed in the ame lot of the tato and oto winding. Additional oto ing ae ued fo meauement coil connection to the oto lot. Roto meauement value could be ecoded while induction moto i feeding fom the tato winding. Thu, the effect of otating field between oto and tato winding ae invetigated a expeimentally.. oltage vaiation analyi of the meauement coil on the inveted oto induction moto The inveted oto induction moto ha additional oto ing. Thee ing ae ued to make connection
Poceeding of the 6th WSEAS Intenational Confeence on Application of Electical Engineeing, Itanbul, Tukey, May 7-9, 007 173 fo the oto meauement coil. Thee coil have been ued to invetigate induced voltage on the oto. Inveted oto induction moto combination i ued expeimentally in thi eeach i depicted in Fig.1 Fig.1 Inveted oto induction moto contuction The teminal of the thee tato phae winding ae ta connected. Stato winding i connected to a thee- phae voltage upply; cuent will flow in each phae of thi winding. Thee voltage will be diplaced fom each othe by 10 0, a hown in Fig.. f E = π.( k. kd. k f ). N ( Φ + Φ ) 3 The flux linkage of the tato and oto winding may be witten a m k. k d. k f. 0. S g. I. g Φ = µ 4 m k. k d. k f. 0. S g. I. g Φ = µ 5 Note that thee equation ae decibed that the effect of the flux linkage and winding paamete on the fundamental component of each winding voltage. It can be een that high ode hamonic ae occued fom the wave fom analyi of the induction moto a a nonlinea load. Theefoe, an induction moto ha the potential fo ignificant negative impact on utilitie. Induction moto connected to the utility ytem, vaiou national and intenational agencie have been conideing limit on hamonic cuent injection to maintain good powe quality. A a conequence, vaiou tandad and guideline have been etablihed that pecify limit on the magnitude of hamonic cuent and hamonic voltage ditotion. It i neceay to make tandadization powe quality and hamonic to pull down of the voltage hamonic to the cetain level. Total hamonic ditotion (THD) in the voltage can be calculated to that given by Eq. 6 Fig. Thee-phae voltage of the tato winding The induce voltage equation of the magnetically coupled tato and oto meauement cicuit can be witten a follow: Stato voltage equation m = R. I + j. X δ. I + E 1 Roto voltage equation ' ' R ' m ' ' E = I + j. X. I. δ The induce voltage equation of the magnetically coupled tato and oto meauement cicuit can be e-witten by uing oto flux (φ ) and tato flux (φ ) tem a follow: THD = n= 1 n = + 3 + 1 4 + 5 +... To quantify the ditotion in the voltage wavefom, a quantity called the total hamonic ditotion i defined a Eq.7 % THD 100 di = 7 S1 Induced voltage, that caued by magnetic flux, have been invetigated fo no-load opeation, load opeation, blocked oto opeation of the inveted oto induction moto. Meaued value have been analyzed and evaluated. 6
Poceeding of the 6th WSEAS Intenational Confeence on Application of Electical Engineeing, Itanbul, Tukey, May 7-9, 007 174 3 Meauement cicuit voltage analyi fo no-load opeation of the inveted oto induction moto Induced wavefom ae ecoded fom the meauement coil ae placed in ame lot of the tato winding i given in Fig.3. Fig. 5 Induced oto voltage wavefom of oto meauement winding fo no-load opeation Fig.3 Induced wavefom fom tato meauement coil fo no-load opeation Thi wavefom in Fig.3 i een diffeent than input wavefom in Fig. Hamonic pectum of thi wavefom i given in Fig.4. The oto evolve at vey nealy the ynchonou peed of the tato field duing the no-load opeation. The diffeence in peed i jut ufficient to poduce enough cuent in the oto to ovecome the mechanical and electical loe. Thee mut alway be a diffeence in peed between the oto and otating field. Thi diffeence in peed i called lip and i expeed a a pecentage of the ynchonou peed. Slip value i meaued ( = % ) fo no-load opeation of the moto. Moeove, an induction moto ha coe loe, coppe loe and otational loe. Hamonic component of the voltage wave fom of the ai gap have been vaied a odd component uch a (n=3,5,7,..). Hamonic pectum of thi wavefom i given in Fig.6. Fig.4 Hamonic pectum of induced wavefom fom tato meauement coil fo no-load opeation Thi wavefom on the meauement cicuit eult magnetic flux in the ai gap. Roto meauement winding induce the voltage by cutting thi ai gap flux. Thi induced wave fom i given in Fig.5 Fig. 6 Hamonic pectum of induced oto voltage wavefom of oto meauement winding fo no-load opeation Hamonic pectum of induced oto voltage give idea vaiation of the high ode hamonic by taking into the conideation a a efeence to the tato meauement coil. High ode hamonic of the oto voltage of the meauement coil ae moe than the tato voltage of the meauement coil.
Poceeding of the 6th WSEAS Intenational Confeence on Application of Electical Engineeing, Itanbul, Tukey, May 7-9, 007 175 Theefoe, we hould invetigate the effect of the lip on thee two voltage hamonic. Fo thi eaon, we hould have done load opeation and blocked oto opeation of thi moto. Hamonic analyi i pefomed by uing thee expeimental value. 3 Meauement cicuit voltage analyi fo load opeation of the inveted oto induction moto Meaued wavefom of the tato meauing cicuit fo load opeation ae given in Fig.7 Fig.9 Induced oto voltage wavefom of the oto meauement winding fo the load opeation Slip value inceaed unde the load opeation of the moto. Slip value i meaued ( = % 6) fo load opeation. In thi cae, loe on the tato and oto cicuit ae inceaed. High ode hamonic component of the oto voltage ae vaied depend upon to the ai-gap powe. Hamonic analyi pectum of thi wave fom i given in Fig.10. Fig.7 The wavefom of the tato meauing cicuit fo load opeation Thee wave fom ae diffeent than input wave fom. Hamonic pectum of thee wavefom how the peence of the high ode hamonic a een in Fig.8. Fig. 8 Hamonic pectum of induced wavefom fom tato meauement coil fo load opeation Induced oto voltage wavefom of the oto meauement winding fo the load opeation i given in Fig.9. Fig. 10 Hamonic pectum of induced oto voltage wavefom of oto meauement winding fo load opeation Thee vaiation ae claified how much change occu the high ode hamonic vaiation of the oto induce voltage unde the load opeation by taking into the conideation a a efeence to the tato meauement coil. It ha been een many diffeence induced voltage wavefom of the induction moto between no-load and load opeation. 5 Meauement cicuit voltage analyi fo the blocked oto opeation of the inveted oto induction moto Meaued wavefom of the tato meauing cicuit fo the blocked oto opeation, uch that the oto i pevented fom tuning ae given in Fig.11.
Poceeding of the 6th WSEAS Intenational Confeence on Application of Electical Engineeing, Itanbul, Tukey, May 7-9, 007 176 Fig. 11 The wavefom of the tato meauing cicuit fo the blocked oto opeation Since oto can not tun, n =o and lip = 1 o 100% fo the blocked oto opeation. Thi coepond to the condition at tat up and we would expect cuent that ae five to ix time thei ated value. Fo thi eaon, a with tanfome duing the hot-cicuit opeation, that the applied tato voltage i educed to uch a voltage, pemitting ated tato cuent to flow. Futhemoe, at thi geatly educed input voltage, about 10 to 0 % of ated voltage. Induction moto un like a tanfome which ha ai-gap flux elatively mall. Hamonic analyi pectum of thi wave fom i given in Fig.14. The input wavefom of the blocked oto opeation ae diffeent than the no-load opeation and load opeation wave fom. Hamonic analyi of thi wavefom i given in Fig.1.. Fig. 14 Hamonic pectum of induced oto voltage wavefom of oto meauement winding fo the blocked oto opeation Fig.1 Hamonic pectum of induced wavefom fom tato meauement coil fo the blocked oto opeation Induced oto voltage wavefom of the oto meauement winding fo the blocked oto opeation i given in Fig.13 Thee vaiation ae claified how much change occu the high ode hamonic vaiation of between oto and tato induce voltage unde the blocked oto opeation by taking into the conideation a a efeence to the tato meauement coil. It can be een diffeent induced wavefom, depend upon woking type of the induction moto. 6. Concluion Fig. 13 Induced oto voltage wavefom of the oto meauement winding fo the blocked oto opeation Induced voltage in the otating field of the tato and oto of the inveted oto induction moto have been analyzed by pefoming no-load opeation, load opeation and the blocked oto opeation. A the meauement value implie, evaluation ha to be popoed thee diffeent type. Although vaiation of the high ode hamonic fom no-load opeation in the tato le than fundamental wave a een in Fig.4; high ode hamonic of the oto voltage ae inceaed a een in Fig.6. Slip and otating field effect to each othe caue thee hamonic.
Poceeding of the 6th WSEAS Intenational Confeence on Application of Electical Engineeing, Itanbul, Tukey, May 7-9, 007 177 It ha been een incemental vaiation of the high ode hamonic epect to the fundamental wave a een in Fig.7 fom evaluation of the load opeation. Inceaing the diffeence between tato and oto magnetic flux i caued inceaing of the high ode hamonic. Since the lip =1 in the blocked oto opeation, hamonic effect of the input wavefom ha been deceaed a een in Fig.11. Expeimental meauement and hamonic analyi have hown that lip caue inceaing the high ode hamonic of the induction moto a a nonlinea load. In thi cae, induction moto can be added to the inheent powe line ditubance by ditoting the utility wavefom due to hamonic cuent injected into the utility gid and poducing electomagnetic intefeence. In addition to the voltage wavefom ditotion, ome othe poblem due to the hamonic cuent ae a follow: additional heating and poibly ove voltage (due to eonance condition) in the utility ditibution and tanmiion equipment, eo in meteing and malfunction of utility elay, intefeence with communication and contol ignal, and o on. Moeove to thee poblem, hamonic in the utility voltage wavefom eult in a vey poo powe facto of opeation. In concluion, induction moto hould be un a poible a in a condition of low lip value unde the ated load. chaacteitic of the aynchonou moto" icems- 001. Augut 18-0/001, Shenyang. (China). [5] Andea JC. Enegy efficient electic moto. New Yok and Bael: Macel Dekke, 1988. einott GG. Theoy and deign of mall induction moto. New Yok, USA: McGaw-Hill, 1986. [1] Say ACKNOWLEDGMENT We ae pecial thankful to the EMSA Geneato Company in Itanbul-Tukey. They woked vey had with u on thi poject. Alo thi wok wa uppoted by Mamaa Univeity Intitute of Scientific Reeach Poject. Refeence [1] H. A. Smolleck, "Modeling and analyi of the induction machine: A computational/expeimental appoach," IEEE Tan. Powe Syt., vol 5, no., May 1990. [] Machine and Tanfome. New Yok: Wiley, 1990. [131. Del Too, Electic Machine and Powe Sytem. Englewood Cliff, NJ: Pentice- Hall, 1985. [3] MUJAL, Ramon. "Thee-phae aynchonou moto with pial heet oto". ACEMF01.7-9/6/001. Ankaa, (Tukey). [4] MUJAL, Ramon. "Aynchonou moto with pial heet oto. Impovement of the functional