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MARITIME Novel design approaches DNV GL s perspective into creating more competitive marine assets George Dimopoulos, Ph.D. 15 November 2016 1 15 November 2016 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER

Asset competitiveness Build and operate better ships in terms of safety, efficiency, costs, and environmental footprint 2 15 November 2016

Ship technology landscape VOLATILE MARKET CONDITIONS NEW TRADE ROUTES / SHIFTS SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT RULES & REGULATIONS NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND DIGITALISATION 3 15 November 2016

Ship systems: Challenges and way forward Increased Systems and Operation Complexity Data & Connectivity Modelling & Simulation Quantification Actionable Knowledge 4

Novel design approaches: 3 main pillars Develop tomorrow s ship concepts using latest developed technology, within the bounds of existing shipbuilding methods. assist our customers in practice during concept, initial and pre-contract design Design for trade Competitive Asset Integrated Systems Engineering Efficiency & Economic viability 5

Design for trade Impact of trade route to performance & operations Design for operational flexibility New trades, routes and cargo types Multi-point design optimisation Assessment of the entire mission profile of vessel Non-sailing modes Fusion with operational and historical data 6

Integrated systems approach advanced computer aided engineering @ the core Data model Advanced computing Process model Connectivity Systems engineering Cost model Operational model 7

The digital twin Digital model and integration of ship systems Virtual test bench: design, condition, performance Fast evaluation of multiple technology alternatives Collaboration, co-simulation and virtual testing ecosystems Concurrent design and optimisation: Hull form & Hydrodynamics Cargo & systems Machinery systems Link with data streams 8

Building virtual integrated ship machinery systems: GUI and modelling platform Library of machinery component models Steady-state / dynamic simulations, optimisation 9 9

DNV GL Hull form optimisation & Hydrodynamics CFD Hull pressure distribution Hull form optimisation operational profile Fore and Aft body Propulsors & ESDs Base design Performance evaluation CFD simulations Model and Full scale Trim optimisation Optimised Added resistance evaluation Environment conditions Installed power verification Added resistance due waves & wind 10

The LNGreen JIP: Integrated and concurrent design concept: safety, efficiency, economic competitiveness Twisted rudders, with bulbs Twin skeg, with 4- bladed propellers 2 stroke gas main engines, with economisers Auxiliary DF engines with economisers No. 4 tank; hybrid prismatic and bioblique shape No. 3 & 2 tank; similar to conventional designs No. 1 tank; trapezoidal shape in longitudinal direction. Tank length is particularly increased. Short bulb bow (Option - PTO on main engines) 11

LNGreen: overall energy consumption improvement = 8.5 % Maximise hydrodynamic performance 2.5% hull resistance improvement Hull form optimised for reduction of added resistance in design waves and winds Twisted rudder, rudder bulb, efficiency improvement with 3 bladed propeller Maximise cargo volume & minimise boil off 5% increase in cargo volume within the same overall dimensions (182 800 m3 vs 174 000 m3) Boil-off rate reduced to 0.085% per day, without change of insulation type (vs 0.09% day) New cargo tank shapes introduced Increase overall machinery and system efficiency 6.0% increase in efficiency compared to DFDE base case Validation of the 2 stroke option as the most efficient Consideration of mechanical energy saving devices (economisers, shaft generators) 12

Closure: Design in the digitalisation era Include important performance and operational aspects early to the design process Operation and trade considerations Direct quantification of technology alternatives Physics and phenomena accounted for via computer modelling Use of operational data Fast evaluation of technology alternatives / scenaria Examine integrated the system: Systems engineering 13